Transcript III. Greece`s Golden Age

III. Greece’s Golden Age
Discus Thrower of the
Ancient Olympics
Just Do It!!
A. Philosophers Search
for the Truth
• Philosophers – “Lovers of wisdom”
• Great thinkers determined to find the
truth
• Believed the universe was put together in
orderly ways with absolute laws
• Logic and reason can help people
understand these laws
B. Socrates
• One of the most important
thinker in history
• Wanted everyone to question
themselves and their moral
duty
• Famous for his Socratic
Method
• Laid much of the foundation
for Western education
Say What?
• “The only thing I can be sure of
is my own ignorance”
• “The unexamined life is not
worth living”
• “There is only one good,
knowledge, and one evil,
ignorance”
• Socratic Method – Question-andanswer approach to teaching
• 399 BC – Found guilty of “corrupting
the youth of Athens”
• Sentenced to death – Drank poison
(hemlock) instead of leaving Athens
C. Plato
• Student of Socrates
• Later wrote down the beliefs of his
teacher
• Founded a school for philosophers known
as the Academy
• Most famous book The Republic
• Detailed his vision of the perfect society
• Charged with same crime as his teacher,
but choose to leave Athens and live
Plato
D. Aristotle
• Student of Plato
• Developed what later
became known as the
Scientific Method
• Many of the ideas of
these three people laid
the framework for
Western education
E. Pericles (495 BC-429 BC)
• Led Athens for 32 years
• Respected general and statement
• Age of Pericles – (461 to 429
BC)
– Called this because Pericles
domination of public life in Athens
Teaching of Pericles
3 Goals for Athens
• (1) Strengthen Athenian
democracy
• (2) Hold and strengthen the
Empire
• (3) Glorify Athens
Achieving his goals
• Created direct democracy
• Formed Delian League after the
Persian Wars to strengthen the
navy
• Also used money from the Delian
League to beautify Athens.
Delian League
Symbol of the Delian
League
The Parthenon
Name this Building?
Close Up of the
Parthenon
F. Drama and History
• Created drama as a form of expression
and entertainment
• 2 Types Tragedy and Comedy
• Herodotus – First person to record history
• Thucydides - Believed that history
reoccurs and studying the past helps you
understand the present.
Comedy and Tragedy
G. Athens and Sparta
Go to War
• Peloponnesian Wars (423 BC – 404 BC) – Series
of battles between Athens and Sparta
• Athens had the better navy
• Athens has early victories but is struck with
widespread plague during the war’s second year
• Sparta had the better army
• Results in an Athen’s defeat and losing its empire,
wealth, and power