Transcript CNA Unit 1-Lesson 2 part #3 DHO

Objectives
I.
II.
Describe at least ten different health careers by
including a definition of the career, three duties,
educational requirements and employment
opportunities
Interpret at least ten abbreviations used to
identify health occupation workers
Introduction
1.
How many different Health related career exist?
Careers in Health Care
Dental Careers
1) Basic job duties
a) Concerned with health of teeth and soft
tissues of mouth
b) Care Directed towards
1) Preventing dental disease
2) Repairing or replacing diseased or damaged teeth
3) Treating gums et other supporting structures of the
teeth
2) Places of employment ?
Dental Careers
Dental Careers
Specialty Areas
• General Dentistry
• Endodonics- treatment of disease of
the pulp, nerve, blood vessels, et roots
of the teeth (ex specializes in root
canals)
• Orthodontics
• Oral Surgery
Dental Careers
Dental Specialities
• Pedodontics- dental tx of children et
adolescents
• Periodonics- tx et prevention of disease
of the gum and bone supporting the
teeth, gum surgery
• Prosthodontics- specializes in dentures
(upper and lower dentures $500-$800)
and partials
Dental Careers
Levels of workers
Dentists
1) Wages- Annual $84,000- $200,000
2) Doctors of teeth
3) Examine teeth and mouth tissues
4) Prevent, Dx et Tx disease et abnormalities
5) Perform surgery on teeth, gums et tissues
6) Supervise work of other dental workers
Dental Careers
Dental Hygienist
• Associate Degree Program 2 years
• Accredited by American Dental
Association
* Prequisities- must take prior to
enrolling Algebra, Anatomy,
Chemistry, Microbiology, Physiology
* General Education
• OTC Associate Degree, Missouri Southern
Associate, UMKC Bachelors
Dental Careers
Dental Hygienist
• Program very competitive 15 students selected
out of 150 applicants
• Estimated cost of program $7,000, buy your own
instruments
• OTC Dental Clinic- Staffed by Dental Hygienist
Students $25 full mouth cleaning and x-rays by
Doctor
• State Boards in Kansas City or Memphis written
and practical exams. Student selects a patient to
clean teeth
Dental Careers
Dental Hygienist
Duties
1) Works under supervision of the dentist
2) Take Hx
3) Removes stains et deposits from teeth
4) Can provide care to gums
5) Expose et develop x-rays
6) Can apply sealants
7) Take vital signs
8) Can give unsupervised anesthesia
9) Helps pt develop et maintain good dental health
10) Wages- Annual $33,700- $69,000, Average 60,000
Hourly pay- $30.00
Dental Careers
Dental Laboratory Technician
1) Makes et repairs a variety of dental
appliances, such as dentures, crowns,
bridges, et orthodontic appliances, according
to the specifications of the dentist
Dental Careers
Dental assistants
1) Certified (9 months) or
Associate of Arts Program (2 Year)
2.) * Accredited by American Dental Association
•
OTC in Springfield
1) Wages- Annual $15,600-$31,200
Hourly pay $13-$18
1) Works under supervision of a dentist
Dental Careers
•
Dental Assistant Duties
1) Prepares patients for exams
2) Sterilizes et Passes instruments
3) Prepares dental materials
4) Make impressions of teeth (negative)
5) Apply sealants
6) Some may take et develop dental x-rays
7) Perform dental receptionist duties
8) Set up Anesthesia for Dentist
9) Teach preventative dental care
10)May work in lab construct dentures, partials,
crowns
Diagnostic Services
1.
Basic job duties
a) Perform test or evaluations
b) Aid in detection, diagnoses, et tx of disease, injury or
other physical conditions
2.
Places of employment?
3.
Types of workers
a. Electrocardiograph (ECG or EKG) technician
1) Operates EKG machine, which record electrical
impulses that originate in the heart, dx heart disease
2) Experienced technicians may do stress test, holter
monitors, test usually involve computers
Diagnostic Services
a. Electrocardiograph Technician
3) Associate or bachelors degree would lead to
Cardiovascular Technologist who assist with
cardiac catherization and angioplasty, monitor
pts during open heart surgery
4) Echocardiographers use ultrasound (high
frequency sound waves) to dx heart
conditions
Diagnostic Services
b.
c.
Electroencephalographic (EEG) Technologist
1) Operates EEG to record electrical activity of the brain
2) Physicians and neurologists use EEG to dx et evaluate
disease et disorders of the brain such as brain tumors,
stroke, epilepsy et sleep disorders
Medical Laboratory Technologist-clinical laboratory
technologist
1) Works under supervision of a pathologist
2) Determines presence/cause of disease by studying
tissues, fluids, et cells of the body
Diagnostic Services
c. Medical Laboratory Technologist
1) Specialties
a) Biochemistry- chemical analysis of body
fluids
b) Blood bank technology
c) Cytotechnology- study of human body cells
d) Hematology- study of blood cells
e) Histology- study of human cells and tissue
f) Microbiology- study of bacteria et
microorganisms
Diagnostic Services
d.
Medical Laboratory Technicians
1) Works under the supervision of the medical
technologist or pathologist
2) Performs routine tests that do not require advanced
knowledge
3) Education- Associate, Bachelors Degree
4) Wage- $19.17, annual $39,864
e. Medical Laboratory Assistants
1) Works under supervision of technologist, technician or
pathologist
2) Performs basic lab tests
3) Prepares specimens for examining or testing
4) Cleans et maintains equipment
Diagnostic Services
f.
g.
Phlebotomist or venipuncture
Radiologic Technologist
1) Works under supervision of a radiologist (Doctor)
2) Education- Associate, Bachelors
3) Wages- $16.58 hr, annual $34,492- $51,400
4) Works with x-rays, radiation, nuclear medicine,
ultrasound, magnetic resonance to dx et tx disease
5) Equipment used is x-ray, ultrasound, computerized
tomography (CT scanners) to produce body images
6) Radiographers- take x-rays of body for diagnosis
Diagnostic Services
g. Radiologic Technologist
5) Radiation Therapy Technologist – administers
prescribed doses of radiation to tx disease
(usually cancer)
6) Nuclear medicine technologist- prepare
radioactive substances to administer to pts, et
then use films, images on a screen, or body
specimens such as blood or urine, to
determine how substances pass through or
localize in different parts of the body
Diagnostic Services
g. Radiologic Technologist
7) Ultrasound Technologist or Sonographers
Use equipment to send sound waves into
body and record images produced on screen
when the sound waves bounce back. Used to
examine fetus, brain, vascular (blood vessels
et blood flow) and heart.
8) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Use superconductive magnets et radio waves to reveal
information on the bodies anatomy: used to
identify multiple sclerosis, hemorrhage of the brain
Diagnostic Services
9) Biomedical Equipment Technicians (BETs)
Install, test, service et repair equipment: patient
monitors, kidney machines, incubators,
respirators etc
Emergency Medical Services
1.
Basic Job Duties
a) Emergency, prehospital care
b) Provides care to victims of accident, injuries, et
sudden illness
2.
Places of Employment?
3.
Level of Workers
a.
Emergency Medical Technician
I.
II.
EMT-B- basic first aid care
EMT-P- paramedic advanced life support, Administer
electrical defibrillation to certain heart attack victims,
Use intravenous equipment and insert esophageal
airways
-Paramedic wages $11.54 hr, annual $24, 011
Health Information and Communication Service
1.
Basic job duties
a) Maintain complete, accurate patient records
b) Distribute health information through medical
illustrators, photographers, medical librarians
c) Research et maintain information
d) Uses computers in almost all areas
2. Places of Employment
Health Information and Communication Service
1.
Types of Workers
a) Medical Record Administrators- plan systems for
storing et obtaining pt records. Prepares
information for legal action, Complies stats for
governmental agencies
b) Medical record or health information technician
Codes patients records, organizes by computer
Unit Secretary or Ward Clerk- answers phone,
schedules tests, order supplies for floor etc
Hospital/Health Care Facility Services
1.
Basic description- administration, business office,
admitting office, central/sterile supply, and
housekeeping
2.
Places of employment?
3.
Types of Workers
a) LTC AdministratorsI.
II.
responsible for aspects of operation in the LTC
facility. Including delivery of proper resident care.
Manage personnel, determines budget, coordinates
activates
Hospital/Health Care Facility Services
b. Admitting clerks- obtain admission information,
assigns room, process information when pt is
discharged
c. Central/Sterile Supply Worker- Order, maintain,
et supply all equipment et supplies used by
other departments. Sterilizes equipment.
Inventory et fills requisitions from departments
d. Housekeeper
Medical Careers
1.
Basic Description
a. Broad category includes physicians, other
individuals in various health related careers
supervised by the physician
b. Involved with dx, tx, or prevention of disease et
disorders of the human body
2. Places of Employment?
Medical Careers
3.
Levels of Workers
a. Physicians
1) Doctor of Medicine (M.D): dx, tx or prevent disease or
disorder
2) Doctor of Osteopathy (D.O)- emphasis on nervous,
muscular, skeletal and the relationship between the
body, mind et emotion while tx disease
3) Doctor of Podiatric Medicine (D.P.M.)- examine, dx, tx
disorders of the feet or leg below the knee
4) Doctor of Chiropractic (D.C.)- concentrate on structure
of the spine et nervous system to maintain health
Medical Careers
b.
Physicians Assistant
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
VII.
c.
Works under supervision of a physician
Performs rt physical exams
Do basic diagnostic tests
Takes medical hx
Make preliminary diagnosis
Tx minor injuries
Prescribes et administers appropriate tx
Medical Assistants
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
Prepares pt for exams
Takes vs et medical hx
Assists with basic procedures
Performs basic lab tests
Prepare, maintain equipment
Sec duties
Mental and Social Services
1.
Basic Job duties
a. Mental service workers deal with mental or
emotional disorders or mental retardation
b. Social workers help people with illness,
employment or community problems
2. Places of Employment?
Mental or Social Service
3.
a)
Levels of Workers
Psychiatrists
1) Physician who specializes in dx et tx mental illness
2) Specialty includes child/adolescent, geriatric,
drug/chemical abuse etc
b)
Psychologist
1) Study human behavior
2) Use knowledge to help indv deal with problems of
everyday life
3) Specialties
Mental or Social Service
c.
Psychiatric /Mental health Technician
1) Works under supervision of psychiatrist/psychologist
2) Work with pts et families to help them follow tx
3) Observe et report pts behavior
d.
Social Workers (sociologist, caseworkers, counselors)
1) Help pts make adjustments et changes in their lives
2) Refers pt to community resources
3) Specialties- child welfare, geriatrics, family,
correctional (jail) et occupational social work
Mortuary Careers
1.
Basic job duties- Preparation of the body,
performance of the funeral ceremony, cremation
2.
Places of employment
3.
Level of workers
a) Funeral Directors/Morticians
I.
Interview family of deceased to establish details of
the funeral ceremony
II. Review arrangements the deceased person requested
prior to death
III. Prepare the body and information legally
IV. Provide post death counseling
Mortuary Careers
3.
Levels of workers
b.
Embalmers
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
c.
Wash body with germicidal soap
Replace blood with embalming fluid
Reshape et restructure disfigured bodies
Apply makeup to create natural appearance, dress body
Maintain embalming reports, itemized list of clothes et
belongings
Mortuary Assistants
I.
II.
III.
IV.
Drive the hearse
Arrange flowers for viewing
Assist with preparation of ceremony
Clean funeral home
Nursing Careers
• Currently 100,000 R.N. positions vacant
in the U.S.
• In 2020, there will be an estimated
shortage of 800,000 nurses
Nursing Careers
1.
Basic duties
a.
Provide care for patient under direction of a physician
b.
Direct care holistically
2.
Places of employment?
3.
Wages $20.13 per hr, SWMO annual $41,880
4.
Levels of workers
a.
Registered Nurses (R.N.)
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
Length of training 2-4 years
Plans, assigns et evaluates nursing care
Administers prescribed medications et tc
Observation et reports patient condition
Teaches health care
I. Nursing Careers
3.
Levels of Workers
a.
Specialty nursing positions
I.
Nurse Practioner (CRNP’s)- take health hx, performs
basic physical exam, orders lab tests, refers pt to Dr.,
tx common illness, prescribe medication
II. Nurse Midwives (CNMs)- provide care for normal
pregnancies
III. Nurse Educator- Teach H.O.E or school of nursing
IV. Nurse Anesthetist- administers anesthesia, monitor pt
during surgery, assist anesthesiologist
I. Nursing Careers
3.
Level of Workers
b. Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN,LVN)
I.
II.
III.
IV.
V.
VI.
Works under supervision of physician or R.N.
Length of train 12-14 months
Wages- $12.42, SWMO annual $25,841
Provides pt care that requires technical knowledge
but not advanced education
Must be IV certified to start IV.
Cannot d IV push medications, may hand Iv bag
medications
I. Nursing Careers
3.
Level of Workers
c.
Certified Medication Technician (CMT)
I.
II.
III.
d.
Minimum length of training is 68 hours, exam
CMT must be a C.N.A. prior to CMT training
Duties- Prepare et administer medications, transcribe
physicians orders, Observe et report effectiveness of
medications
Restorative Nursing Assistant
I.
II.
III.
Minimum length of training is 60 hrs, exam
RNA must be a C.N.A. prior to training
Duties- restorative procedures (ex feeding, ambulation,
exercise), assist pt to be independent
Nursing Careers
3.
Level of workers
e.
Certified Nursing Assistant
I.
Length of training 75 hrs class, 100 hrs on job
training/clinical
II. Wages- $8.29 hr, SWMO annual $17,251
III. Must pass final exam for certification
IV. C.N.A name is added to certified registry
V. Family Safety Care Registry
VI. Criminal Background Check
VII. Employment Disqualification list
VIII. Duties- provide et assist with ADL
IX. Observe et report changes to charge nurse
Nursing Careers
3.
Levels of Workers
e.
Nursing Assistant Duties
I. Works under supervision of R.N or L.P.N.
II. Provides care bathing, feeding, elimination
care, bed making
III. Assist with transfer et ambulation
IV. Specialties- Geriatric, Home Health Aides
Nursing Careers
3.
Level of Workers
f.
Surgical Technicians/Technologist
I. Works under supervision of a physician or
R.N.
II. Prepares pt for surgery
III. Sets up operating room withintruments,
equipment, sterile supplies
IV. Assist by passing instruments
Nutrition and Dietary Services
1.
Basic Job duties
a. Use their knowledge of good nutrition to
promote wellness et optimum health
b. Provides dietary guidelines to treat various
disease
c. Teach proper nutrition
d. Prepare foods for health care agencies
2. Places of Employment
Nutrition and Dietary Services
3.
Level of Workers
a.
Dieticians
I. Approves menus; evaluates et counsels
residents or pts with nutritional problems
II. Teach proper nutrition et special diets
III. Supervise
b. Dietetic Technicians- supervised by dietician
c.
Dietetic Assistants or Food Service Workersprepares, serves food, washes dishes, keeps
kitchen area clean
Therapeutic Services
1.
Basic Job description
a. Uses a variety of treatments to help pts who are
injured, physically or mentally disabled or
emotionally disturbed
b. Tx directed toward the pt to function at their
maximum capacity
2. Places of employment?
Therapeutic Services
3.
Level of workers
a.
Occupational Therapist (OT)
1)
2)
3)
Help people with physical, develop, or emotional
disabilities to adjust with their disability
Use activates to assist a person in learning activities
or skills of daily living (ADL) adapting to job skills, or
preparation for return to work
*independence
Therapeutic Service
b.
Occupational Therapy Assistant
I.
Work under guidance of OT
II. Help pt carry out program of prescribed tx
III. Direct pt in recreational activities, social act ivies
c.
Pharmacists
i. Dispense medications on written orders form
physicians, dentist et others
ii. Provide information and administration
information, recommend nonprescription
Therapeutic Service
d.
Pharmacy Technician
I.
Help prepare medication for dispensing
II. Label medications
III. Prepare intravenous medications
e.
Physical Therapy (PT)
I.
Provide treatment for disabling disease et injury
II. Use exercise, massage, et application of heat, cold,
water, light, electricity, or ultrasound
III. Teaching correct use of muscles
Physical Therapist
• Start with Bachelors in Science Field
• Grad School for P.T soon to be
Doctorate
• Grad School 3-4 years
• Staring Salary $56,000, $27 per hour
• PT Schools in MO: Washington
University in St. Louis (ranked #2 in
country), MU, MSU
Therapeutic Service
f.
Physical Therapist Assistant
i. Work under the supervision of the P.T
ii. Help carry out the prescribed tx
iii. Administer application of heat, cold, water
iv. Assist pt to ambulate with canes, crutches,
braces
v. Provide ultrasound or electrical stimulation tx
Physical Therapy Assistants
• Associate Degree, 2 years
• Staring Salary $36,400-$58,240,
$17.50-$28 per hour
• PTA Programs OTC, Penn Valley (near
KC), NEO (Miama OK) and Lynn State
(neat St. Louis)
Therapeutic Service
g.
Massage Therapist
i. Work under supervision of physicians or
physical therapist
ii. Use massage, bodywork, therapeutic touch
to muscles to provide pain relief
iii. Relieve stress et tension
h. Recreational Therapist (TR)
I. Use recreational et leisure activities as a
form of treatment to minimize pts symptoms
et improve physical, emotional et mental
well being
Therapeutic Service
i.
Recreational Therapy Assistants
I.
Assist in carrying out activities planned by the Therapist
j.
Respiratory Therapist
I.
Work with physicians orders
II. Education- Associate, Bachelors Degree
III. Wages- $15.76 hr, annual $32,777
IV. Tx pts with heart et lung disease
V. Administer oxygen, gases, or medications
k.
Respiratory Therapy Technicians
I.
II.
Supervised by R.T
Administers respiratory tx, cleans et maintains
equipment
Therapeutic Service
l.
Speech-Language Therapist
I.
Identify, evaluate et tx pts with speech et language
disorders
II. Help pt communicate correctly
III. Teach pt to cope with speech impairment
m.
Audiologist
I.
Work with individuals who have hearing problem
II. Test hearing, dx problems, prescribe tx, hearing aids,
instruction in speech or lip reading
Therapeutic Service
n.
Art, music, dance therapist
I.
Use art to help pts deal with social, physical or
emotional problems
II. Usually work with pts who are emotionally disturbed,
mentally retarded, physical disabled
o.
Athletic Trainers
I.
Prevent et tx athletic injuries
II. Provide rehabilitation
p.
Dialysis Technician
I.
Operate kidney dialysis machine
Therapeutic Service
q.
Perfusionist
i. Operate heart and lung machine
Veterinary Careers
1.
Basic Description
a.
Works with all types of animals
b.
Range from house pets to livestock, to wildlife
2.
3.
Places of Employment?
Levels of Workers
a.
Veterinarians (DVM, VMD)
I.
b.
Prevent, dx, tx disease et injuries of animals
Animal Technician (ATR)
I.
c.
Assist with handling et care of animals
Veterinarian Assistant
I.
Feed animals, prepare for ta, clean cages, assist with
exams
Vision Services
1.
Basic job duties
a.
Provide care to prevent and tx vision disorders
Vision Services
2.
3.
Places of Employment
Levels of Workers
a. Ophthalmologist
I. Medical doctor specializes in disease
et disorders of the eye
II. Dx, Tx perform surgery, et correct
vision problems or defects
b. Optometrists (OD)
I.
II.
Examines eyes for vision problems et defects
Prescribes corrective lens
Vision Services
c.
Optometric Technician et Assistant
I. Works under supervision of Ophthalmol;ogist or
Optometrist
II. Prepares pt for exams
III. Receptionist duties
IV. Helps with frame selection
d.
Opticians
I. Makes et fits prescribed eyeglasses or lenses
e.
Opthalmic Laboratory Technician- polish, grind et
mount lenses. Works with eye glasses et corrective
lens
Summary
When you choose a career within the health field
choose the area you are interested and review all
occupations available in that area.