Transcript PPT

WHAT IS IT?
• Hepatitis C is a disease
caused by a virus that
infects the liver
SYMPTOMS
• Most people have no symptoms
when they are first infected
• For that reason, from the 2.7-3.9
million Americans living with viral
HCV, as many as 75% are unaware
that they are infected.
SYMPTOMS
• Fatigue
• Fever
• Nausea or poor
appetite
• Tenderness of
area around the
liver
• Joint pain
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Belly pain
Itchy skin
Sore muscles
Dark urine
Yellowish eyes
and skin (jaundice)
SYMPTOM CHECKER (1)
Fever
Fatigue
Sore muscles
Tender Liver area
Abdominal pain
Joint pain
Yellowing eyes
and skin
Itchy skin
Dark Urine
The patient will click on the symptoms that apply
and the words will turn red. This will allow the patient
to track symptoms on a daily basis, or even to see
the effects that Hep C has on his/her life at the
beginning of the treatment.
Itchy Skin
Sore Muscles
Stomach pain
Tiredness
Jaundice
Joint pain
Dark Urine
Another option is to have the pictures in a tile setting
with a box for the patient to check off his or her
symptoms. These symptoms will then be registered in
the database.
SYMPTOM CHECKER (2)
HOW IS IT SPREAD?
• Spread from person to person
when the blood of someone
infected with the virus mixes with
the blood of someone else
CAUSES
• Blood transfusions and organ
transplants before 1992
• Shared needles
• Childbirth
• Sexual contact
RISK FACTORS
• Risk factors do not mean that you
have Hepatitis C, but do indicate
a greater risk of infection
• If you have one or more of the
symptoms, you should get tested
DONATED BLOOD
• Before 1992, donated blood
products and blood could not be
tested for Hepatitis C
• Some people where accidentally
infected after surgeries and other
medical procedures
BABY BOOMERS
• Born 1946-1964
• Could’ve been exposed to HCV
when infection rates were higher
in 70s and 80s
DRUG USE
• Infected by sharing
tools to take drugs
• Previously used:
needles, syringes,
cotton, water, or
cocaine straws
SEX
• Rough, or anal sex without a
condom
• Any activity with blood to blood
contact is a risk factor
TOOLS
• Sharing tattoo, piercing, or
acupuncture needles
• Manicure and pedicure tools
• Those working in a medical setting
may be cut and exposed to the
virus
• Must be cleaned and disinfected
OTHERS
• Received hemodialysis treatments
for a long period of time
• Received clotting factor
concentrates before 1987
• Have HIV
CAUSES
• Sometimes, the body clears the
virus on its own
• If it cannot, it will go into the
Chronic phase of infection
• A serious condition that can
lead to cirrhosis or liver cancer
COMPLICATIONS
• Scarring of the liver tissue (cirrhosis)
• After 20-30 years of Hep C
infection
• Liver Cancer
• Liver Failure
THE LIVER
FUNCTIONS OF THE LIVER
• Manufacturing blood proteins that
aid in clotting, oxygen transport,
and immune system function
• Storing excess nutrients and
returning some of the nutrients to
the bloodstream
• Manufacturing bile, a substance
needed to help digest food
• Helping the body store sugar
(glucose) in the form of glycogen
• Ridding the body of harmful
substances in the bloodstream,
including drugs and alcohol
• Breaking down saturated fat and
producing cholesterol
WHAT IS CIRRHOSIS?
• A slowly progressing disease in
which healthy liver tissue is
replaced with scar tissue,
eventually preventing the liver
from functioning properly
IMPLICATIONS
• The scar tissue blocks the flow of
blood through the liver and slows
the processing of nutrients,
hormones, drugs, and naturally
produced toxins
COMPARISON
HEALTHY LIVER VS LIVER WITH CIRRHOSIS
SYMPTOMS OF CIRRHOSIS
• Red palms due to expanded vessels
• Spider veins near the chest,
shoulders, and face
• Swelling of the belly, legs, and feet
• Shrinking of the muscles
• Bleeding from enlarged veins in your
digestive system
CIRRHOSIS SYMPTOMS
SWOLLEN AND ITCHY HANDS
SWELLING IN THE ABDOMEN
LIVER CANCER
• Cancer that begins in the cells of
the liver
• One of the most common forms of
cancer in the world
LIVER CANCER
SYMPTOMS
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Weight loss
Loss of appetite
Upper abdominal pain
Nausea and vomiting
General weakness and fatigue
An enlarged liver
Abdominal swelling
Jaundice
White, chalky stools
LIVER CANCER SYMPTOMS
LIVER FAILURE
• Occurs when large parts of the
liver become damaged beyond
repair and the liver is no longer
able to function
• life-threatening
HOW CAN HCV BE DIAGNOSED?
• Blood tests help to:
• Determine whether you have HCV
• Measure the quantity of HepC in
your blood (viral load)
• Evaluate the genetic makeup of
the virus (genotyping), which helps
determine treatment options
• A liver biopsy can help determine
the severity of the disease and
guide treatment decisions.
• During the biopsy, a needle is
injected through your skin, into
your liver, and a tissue sample is
removed.
NO TREATMENT FOR ACUTE HCV
• Treatment isn’t always necessary
• if you only have slight liver
abnormalities, you may not need
treatment, because your risk of
future liver problems is very low.
TREATMENT FOR CHRONIC HCV
• Combination antiviral therapy
• Liver transplant
• Vaccinations to protect against
other forms of viral hepatitis
ANTIVIRAL MEDICATIONS
• Peginterferon and ribivirin are
combined to give the best
response to treatment.
• A protease inhibitor (such as
boceprevir or telaprevir) may be
given alongside these
meidcations.
• Peginterferon is given as a shot
once a week.
• Ribavirin is taken as a pill 2 times a
day.
APP: TREATMENT SCROLLING
Treatment Option
For the treatments, I would like to have a rotating wheel where the patient
can click on the option they prefer, then see the procedure, length of
treatment, side effects, etc. With this option, the patient can navigate from
left to right to find the best solution for him/her. However, the app
recommendation will be highlighted in green.
• The length of the treatment
depends on what hepatitis C
genotype you have.
• Genotype 1: 1 year
• Genotype 2/3: 6 months
LIVER TRANSPLANT
• The surgeon removes your damaged
liver and replaces it with a healthy liver
• Most transplants come from deceased
donors
• This is not a cure
• Antiviral treatment often follows
LIFESTYLE REMEDIES
• Stop drinking alcohol
• Avoid medications that cause liver
damage
• Stay healthy
• Help prevent others from coming
in contact with your blood
MILK THISTLE: ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE
• May treat jaundice and other liver
disorders
• Taken as a capsule, extract, or
infusion
VIDEO
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z
l_kw8qHGTI