Careers in Health Science
Download
Report
Transcript Careers in Health Science
CAREERS IN HEALTH SCIENCE
Educational Requirements
Secondary education
Refers
to basic preparation in high school
Includes Science, Social Studies, English, and
Mathematics
Health Occupations Education (HOE)
Secondary
vocational program in health occupations
Can prepare students for immediate employment in
many health careers
Types of Degrees
Associate’s Degree
Vocational/technical
school or community college
Completed two-year course of study
Bachelor’s Degree
College
or University
Completed four-year course of study
Types of Degrees
Master’s Degree
College
or University
Completed one or more year beyond Bachelor’s
Degree
Doctorate
College
or University
Completed two or more years beyond Master’s Degree
or several years after Bachelor’s Degree (can be 4-6
years)
Certification, registration, licensure
Certification
Issued
by professional association or government
agency that regulates a particular profession
Ex:
Certified Dental Assistant, Certified Medical Assistant
Dental Careers
Basic job duties
Concerned
with health of teeth and soft tissues of mouth
Care directed toward:
Preventing
dental disease
Repairing or replacing diseased or damaged teeth
Treating gums or other supporting structures of the teeth
Dental Careers cont…
Places of employment
Private
dental offices
Laboratories
Clinics dental departments in hospitals, schools, health
departments, government agencies
Dental Careers cont…
Specialty Areas
General dentistry
Endodontics - Treatment of disease of the vessels and roots
of the teeth
Orthodontics - Alignment or straightening of teeth
Oral Surgery - Surgery on teeth, mouth, jaw
Pedodontics - Dental treatment of children
Periodontics - Treatment & prevention of disease of the
gum and bone supporting the teeth
Dental Careers
Levels of workers
Dentist
Doctor
Examine teeth and mouth tissues
Diagnose and treat disease and abnormalities
Perform surgery
Supervise work of others
Dental hygienists
Work under supervision of dentist
Remove stains and deposits from teeth
Expose and develop x-rays
Diagnostic Services
Basic job duties
Perform tests or evaluations
Aid in detection, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, injury
or other physical conditions
Places of employment
Hospital laboratories
Private laboratories
Doctors offices
Clinics
Diagnostic Services
Types of workers
Electrocardiograph
Operate
(ECG or EKG) Technician
EKG machine
Physicians use EKG to diagnose heart disease and to note
changes in condition of the patient’s heart
Experienced technicians can also perform stress test, Holter
monitoring, and specialized cardiac tests
Diagnostic Services
Electroencephalographic (EEG) technologists
Operate
EEG to record electrical activity of the brain
Phlebotomist
Collect
blood and prepare it for testing
May perform blood test in some states
Diagnostic Services
Radiologic technologist
Work
with x-rays, nuclear testing, ultrasound and MRI
Radiographers - Works with x-rays of the body
Nuclear Medicine technologist - Prepares radioactive
substances to administer to patients and then use film
images on a screen to determine how substances pass
through different parts of the body
Diagnostic Services
Ultrasound
techonlogist/sonographers: use equipment
to send sound waves into body and record images
produced on screen
Emergency Medical Services
Basic job duties
Provide
emergency pre-hospital care
Provide care to victims of accidents, injuries, and
sudden illness
Places of employment
Fire
and police departments
Rescue squads
Ambulance service
Emergency Medical Services
Hospital
or emergency rooms
Life flight services
Military
Emergency Medical Services
Level of workers
Basic first aid training
Formal EMT training
EMT-B (Emergency Medical Technician-Basic)
Provide basic care for wide range of illnesses
EMT-D (Emergency Medical Technician-Defibrillator)
EMT-B with additional training in basic life support
Can administer defibrillation to certain heart attach victims
Emergency Medical Services
EMT-P
(Emergency Medical Technician-Paramedic)
Perform
all basic duties of other levels
Can perform endotracheal intubation
Administer drugs
Interpret EKG’s
Health Information and Communication
Services
Maintain complete accurate patient records
Distribute health information through medical
illustrators, photographers, writers and medical
librarians
Use computers in almost all areas
Health Information and Communication
Services
Types of workers
Medical
Records Administrators
Medical records
Unit Secretaries, Ward Clerks, or Unit Coordinators
Can you tell what this says?
Medical Careers
Broad category that includes physicians and other
individuals who work in any of the varied careers
under physician supervision
Involved with diagnosis, treatment, or prevention of
diseases and disorders of human body
Medical Careers
Places of employment
Private
Practices
Clinics
Hospitals
Public
Health Agencies
Research Facilities
College or Universities
Medical Services
Level of workers
Physician
Examine
(doctors)
patients
Make diagnosis
Perform surgery
Treat disease
Medical Services
Classifications
Doctor of Medicine (MD) – Diagnosis, treat
and prevent disease or disorder
Doctor of Osteopathy (DO) – Place
emphasis on nervous, muscular, and skeletal
systems and the relationship between the
body with the mind
Doctor of Podiatric Medicine (DPM) –
Examine, diagnose, and treat disease of the
feet
Doctor of Chiropractic (DC) – Concentrate
on structures of the spine and nervous
system
Medical Services
Physicians Assistant (PA)
Works
under supervision of physician
Performs routine physical exams
Does basic diagnostic test
Takes medical histories
Makes preliminary diagnosis
Treats minor injuries
Medical Services
Medical Assistant (MA)
Works
under supervision of physician
Prepares patients for examination
Takes vital signs
Assists with procedures and treatments
Performs basic lab test
Mental and Social Services
Basic job duties
Mental
services workers deal with mental or emotional
disorders or mental retardation
Social workers help people deal with illness,
employment, or community problems
Mental and Social Services
Places of employment
Hospitals
Psychiatric hospitals
Home health agencies
Public health departments
Government agencies
Counseling agencies
Drug and alcohol agencies
Prisons
Mental and Social Services
Psychiatrists (MD)
Physicians
who specialize in diagnosing and treating
mental illness
Psychologist
Study
human behavior
Use knowledge to help individuals deal with problems
of everyday living
Mental and Social Services
Social workers
Assist
patients who are unable to cope with various
problems
Help patients make adjustments to changes
Assistants usually need one or more years of a Health
Occupation Educational program
Mortuary Careers
Basic job duties
Preparation
of the body
Cremation or burial of the body
Level of workers
Funeral
Director/Undertaker
Embalmer
Mortuary assistant
Nursing Careers
Basic job duties
Provide care for a patient under direction of a physician
Places of employment
Hospitals
Rehabilitation/Long-term facilities
Physicians office
Schools – (School Nurse)
Industry
Education – (College, University, etc.)
Nursing Careers
Level of workers
Registered
Work
Nurses (RN)
under a licensed physician
Provide total care to patients
Administer meds and treatments
Teach health care
Supervise other nursing personnel
Nursing Careers
Specialties
Nurse
after advanced education
Practitioner (CRNP) – Perform basic physical exams,
order lab tests, refer patients, help set-up treatments, treat
common illnesses
Nurse Midwives (CNM) – Provide care for normal pregnancies,
examine patient, perform routine test, deliver infant, monitor
mother/infant
Nurse Educators – Teach in Health Occupational programs,
Schools of Nursing (College or University)
Nurse Anesthetists (CRNA) – Administer anesthesia, monitor
patients during surgery
Nursing Careers
Licensed Practical Nurse (LPN)
Work
under physician or RN
Provide patient care but not to the extent of an RN
Certified Nurse Assistant (CNA)
Work
under RN or LPN
Provide care such as baths, bed-making, feeding,
transfers, etc.
Nursing Careers
Surgical Technician
Work
under RN or physician
Prepares the patient for surgery
Sets up the operating room
Nutrition and Dietary Services
Dietitians
Manage
food service system
Assess patients nutritional needs and plan menus
Teach others proper nutrition
Purchase food and equipment
Therapeutic Services
Basic job duties
Use
variety of treatments to help patients who are
injured, physically disabled
Direct treatment toward allowing patients to function at
full capacity
Therapeutic Services
Types of workers
Occupational
Therapist (OT) – Help people with
physical developmental disabilities. Use activities to
assist a person in ADLs. Direct pt toward helping pts
acquire independence.
Pharmacists – Dispense medications on written orders
from Physicians, Dentists. Provide information on drugs
and correct ways to use them. Maintain drug records.
Assess, plan and monitor drug usage.
Therapeutic Services
Physical
therapist (PT) – Provide treatment for disabling
injury. Use exercise, massage. Promote health and
prevent injuries.
Physical therapist assistants (PTA) – Work under a
therapist. Perform exercises and massage. Assist
patients.
Massage therapists – Use massage, body work and
therapeutic touch to provide pain relief.
Therapeutic Services
Respiratory
therapists (RT) – Treat patients with heart
and lung disorders. Administer oxygen, gases or
medication.
Athletic Trainers – Prevent and treat athletic injuries.
Provide rehabilitation services. Teach proper nutrition.
Apply tape or padding to protect body parts.
Veterinary Careers
Basic description
Work
with all types of animals
Level of workers
Veterinarian
(DVM or VMD)
Animal Technician (ATR)
Veterinarian Assistants
Vision Services
Basic job duties
Provide
care to prevent vision disorders.
Levels of workers
Ophthalmologists
Optometrists
Optometric
Optician
Technicians