Transcript Pesticide Health Effects Medical Education Database (PHEMED) 2010

Name That Pesticide
How to Identify the Products
Your Patients Are Exposed To
Helen Murphy, RN, FNP, MHS
Director of Outreach
Pacific Northwest Agricultural Safety and Health
University of Washington, Seattle WA
Pesticide Health Effects Medical Education Database (PHEMED) 2010
The nomenclature of pesticides is
similar to medications in that they
have….
•
•
•
A brand/trade or product name: e.g. Motrin
A generic name (common name or active
ingredient): ibuprofen
A chemical family: e.g. NSAID
Likewise one needs to know the chemical family
and more specifically the common name to
understand the health effect of an exposure and
how to treatment a poisoning.
Pesticide Health Effects Medical Education Database (PHEMED) 2010
What the Patient Will Know ?
NOT the common or chemical family name. More likely they
can identify:
• the BRAND name
• the TYPE (insecticide, herbicide, fungicide,
fumigant)
• the CROP to which the pesticide was being
applied.
Pesticide Health Effects Medical Education Database (PHEMED) 2010
Pesticide Product Label
• The label is the agriculture world = the
package insert for the medical world
• The label is the LAW and dictates:
– Use
– Required personal protective equipment
• The label on the bottle or package provides
basic information
Pesticide Health Effects Medical Education Database (PHEMED) 2010
Information Sources on Pesticides
Label
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Ingredient statement
EPA registration number
Establishment number
Formulation
Signal word
Statement of practical treatment
(first aid)
Personal protective equipment
(PPE) handlers
Environmental hazards
Directions for use
Hazards to humans
Storage and disposal directions
MSDS
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Chemical product identification
Physical and chemical properties
Fire and explosion hazards
Toxicological information / Human health
data
Regulatory levels and classifications
Personal protection recommendations
(concentrate only)
Emergency and first aid procedures
Ecological or environmental hazards
Spills, fires, and accident procedures
Storage and disposal directions
Pesticide Health Effects Medical Education Database (PHEMED) 2010
Sample Package Labels
•
•
•
•
Type of pesticide
Company name
Brand/trade/product name
Common/generic name (sometimes the same as the
active ingredients)
• Chemical family
• Signal word (hazard level)
Pesticide Health Effects Medical Education Database (PHEMED) 2010
Brand Name
Type
“Insecticide”
“SUPRACIDE”
Common Name
“Methadithion”
Hazard Level
“Danger/poison”
Poison Icon
Chemical Family
“Organophosphate”
Antidote
“Atropine”
Manufacturer
Gowan
Pesticide Health Effects Medical Education Database (PHEMED) 2010
Class Exercise
Distribute Sample Pesticide Product Labels
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Temik
Sevin
Thiodan
Guthion
Dursban
Gramoxone
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Weed Rhap
Asana
Captan
Roundup
Dithane
Ziram
Pesticide Health Effects Medical Education Database (PHEMED) 2010
Class Exercise
• Find the following items on the label
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Company/Manufacturer’s name
Brand/Product/Trade name
Common name (generic – active ingredient)
Type: use in agriculture
Chemical family
Signal word (hazard level)
Fill in the pesticide classification table (hand out)
Pesticide Health Effects Medical Education Database (PHEMED) 2010
Pesticide Classification Table
# Company
Name
1. Gowen
Brand
Name
Supracide
Common
Name
methidathion
Type
insecticide
Chemical
Family
OP
organophosphate
Pesticide Health Effects Medical Education Database (PHEMED) 2010
Signal
Class
DangerPoison
(Ib)
Exercise: Classifying Pesticides
Pesticide Labels
COMPANY
BRAND
COMMON
TYPE
FAMILY
SIGNAL
*
WHO
1.
Bayer
Temik
Aldicarb
Insecticide
Carbamate
Danger-poison
la
2.
Verdicon
Sevin
Carbaryl
Insecticide
Carbamate
Caution
ll
3.
UCP Alliance
Thiodan
Endosulfan
Insecticide
Organochlorine
Warning
ll
4.
Bayer
Guthion
Azinophos methyl
Insecticide
Organophospate
Danger-poison
lb
5.
Dow
Dursban
Chlorpyrifos
Insecticide
Organophospate
Warning
ll
6.
Syngenta
Gramoxone
Paraquat
Herbicide
Paraquat
Danger-poison
ll
7.
Helena
Weed Rhap
2, 4-D
Herbicide
Chlorophenoxy
Danger-poison
ll
8.
DuPont
Asana
Esfenverlate
Insecticide
Pyrethroid
Warning
lV
9.
Bayer
Captan
Captan
Fungicide
Danger-poison
II
10.
Max
Roundup
Glyphosate
Herbicide
Caution
U-IV
Dow
Mancozeb
Fungicide
Dithane
Ziram
Fungicide
11.
Caution
U-IV
12.
Cerexagri-Nisso
Ziram
* WHO – World Health Organization International Classification
Pesticide Health Effects Medical Education Database (PHEMED) 2010
Danger
III
Company Name
• May be useful in looking up a product
• Workers may confuse this name with the
brand, product or trade name.
• Some companies also produce
pharmaceuticals.
Pesticide Health Effects Medical Education Database (PHEMED) 2010
Brand/Trade/Product Name
• Agricultural workers know pesticides
primarily through the brand name
• Companies will keep brand names but
CHANGE the active ingredients (e.g. Raid)
• Can use brand name as a search term
Pesticide Health Effects Medical Education Database (PHEMED) 2010
Common Name
• Critical identifier of the chemical
• Some databases only allow you to search by
common name.
• Basis of treatment!
Pesticide Health Effects Medical Education Database (PHEMED) 2010
Types of Pesticides
Fumigants
Types of
Pesticides
Disinfectants
Insecticides
Herbicides
Fungicides
Control pests by
attacking their
nervous system
Corrosive
weed killers
Antibiotics for
plants
Pesticide Health Effects Medical Education Database (PHEMED) 2010
Rodenticides
Kill rodents with
anticoagulants
Pesticide Chemical Families
-grouping based on similarities1.
2.
3.
Similar chemically (similar structure)
Attacks pests in a similar way (toxicity)
Common treatment + antidote
Organophosphate
insecticides
Organochlorine
insecticides
Carbamate
insecticides
Chlorophenoxy
Herbicides
Pyrethroid
insecticides
Paraquat
Diquat
herbicides
Pesticide Health Effects Medical Education Database (PHEMED) 2010
How Toxic Is It?
Source: Richards, Kerry Penn State University Extension Service
Pesticide Health Effects Medical Education Database (PHEMED) 2010
Source: Richards, Kerry Penn State University Extension Service
Pesticide Health Effects Medical Education Database (PHEMED) 2010
LD50
Lethal dose = Amount of
chemical it takes to kill 50% of an
experimental population
Pesticide Health Effects Medical Education Database (PHEMED) 2010
Source: Richards, Kerry Penn State University Extension Service
Pesticide Health Effects Medical Education Database (PHEMED) 2010
WHO International
Standard
US Standard
*
*
DANGER/POISON = extremely toxic by ingestion
DANGER = extremely toxic high potential for skin and eye
irritation
Adapted from Richards, Kerry Penn State University Extension Service
Pesticide Health Effects Medical Education Database (PHEMED) 2010
Source: Richards, Kerry Penn State University Extension Service
Pesticide Health Effects Medical Education Database (PHEMED) 2010
Sample Case
A patient comes into your office after spilling the weed killer –
Direx - on himself. He is having some vague non specific
problems.
How will you identify what kind of adverse heath effects
he may experience?
Pesticide Health Effects Medical Education Database (PHEMED) 2010
Pesticide Identification Resources
• Poison Control (800) 222-1222 (TDD) 1(800)
572-0638
• Google “Direx”
• Pesticide Websites:
– PAN http://www.pesticideinfo.org/
– CDMS http://www.cdms.net/LabelsMsds/LMDefault.aspx
– NPIC http://npic.orst.edu/npicfact.htm
Pesticide Health Effects Medical Education Database (PHEMED) 2010
Practice:
Using these resources for Diurex ™find
•
•
•
•
•
The common name
The chemical family
Health effects
Recommended decontamination
Recommended PPE
Describe the attributes of each resource used
including advantages and disadvantages
Pesticide Health Effects Medical Education Database (PHEMED) 2010