Transcript Chapter 9, Section 2 (Sparta and Athens) PowerPoint

CHAPTER 9 – THE GREEK WORLD
Sparta and
Athens Fight
ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS
What were the causes and effects of the Peloponnesian
War?
A. ATHENIAN POWER
1. Many city-states formed an alliance, or an
agreement to work together.
2. They agreed to defend each other and to protect
trade in the Aegean Sea.
3. Each city-state gave money to the alliance.
4. The money was kept on the island of Delos, historians
called the alliance the Delian League.
A. ATHENIAN POWER
5. Athens was the strongest member of the league.
6. They began to treat the other league members as
subjects.
7. The refused to let members quit the league and
forced more cities to join it.
8. Without even fighting, the Athenians made the
Delian League an Athenian empire.
B. THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR
1. The Delian League was not the only alliance in Greece.
2. Many cities in southern Greece, including Sparta,
banded together as well.
3. This alliance was called the Peloponnesian League.
4. To stop Athen’s growth, Sparta declared war, which
began the Peloponnesian War.
B. THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR
5. In 431 BC, the Spartan army marched north to Athens,
surrounding the city and waiting for the Athenians to come
out and fight.
6. The Athenians did not come out and fight.
7. Instead, the Spartans began to burn the crops in the fields
around Athens hoping Athens would run out of food and be
forced to surrender.
8. The Athenians brought in food, instead, through the navy.
B. THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR
9. For 10 years neither side could gain an advantage over
the other. Eventually they agreed to a truce.
10. Athens kept its empire, and the Spartans went home.
11. In 415 BC, Athens sent its army and navy to conquer
the island of Sicily, but the effort failed.
12.The entire Athenian army was defeated by Sicilian
allies of Sparta and taken prisoner. The Athenian navy
was also destroyed.
B. THE PELOPONNESIAN WAR
13. Since Athens was weak, Sparta attacked Athens again
and the war started up once more.
14. In 404 BC, the Athenians surrendered, the
Peloponnesian War was over, and Sparta was in control.
C. FIGHTING AMONG CITY-STATES
1. For about 30 years, Sparta was the most powerful citystate in Greece.
2. Other city-states in Greece resented this control which
led to a period of war.
3. The fighting went on for many years, Greece was
weakened, and was left open to attack from the
outside.