Transcript Chapter 8 - papademas.net

Chapter 8
Calculation of
Basic IV Drip Rates
Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Types of Intravenous Fluids
• D5W = D5%W
• D5S = D5 %0.9NS
• D51/2NS = D5 %0.45NS
• NS = 0.9%NS
• ½NS = 0.45% NS
Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Intravenous Drip Factors
• Microdrip = 60 gtt/mL
• Macrodrip need to check package
– 10 gtt/mL
– 15 gtt/mL
– 20 gtt/ml
• To calculate IV drip rates, must know this information
Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Electric Infusion Pumps
• Volume for infusion
• Rate for infusion
• Turn pump on
Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Intravenous Piggybacks on
Electronic Infusion Pumps
• Secondary volume
• Secondary rate
• Turn pump on
Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Calculating Basic IV Drip Rates
• Number of milliliters to infuse x tubing factor = drops per minute or gtt/min
number of minutes to infuse
• When the order reads “hour,” convert to minutes by
multiplying by 60 (60 minutes = 1 hour)
Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Calculating IV Drips for Infusion Pump
• Total number of milliliters ordered = mL/hour
Number of hours to run
Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Question
Order: 1000 mL D5W at 120 mL/hour
Available macrodrip 15 gtt/mL
What is the drip factor in drops per minute?
A. 30
B. 31
C. 32
D. 33
Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Answer
A. 30
– 120 mL
× 15 gtt/mL = 30 gtt/min
60 minutes
Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Determining Hours an IV Will Run
• Number of milliliters ordered = Number of hours to run
Number of milliliters per hour
Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Question
How many hours will 500 mL of D5½NS run at 125
mL/hour?
A. 3
B. 4
C. 5
D. 6
Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Answer
B. 4
– Number of milliliters ordered = Number of hours to run
Number of milliliters per hour
– 500 mL =
75 mL/hour
4 hours
Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Choosing the Infusion Set
• Microdrip
– IV administered over a long period
– Small amount of fluid to be infused
– Macrodrops per minute too few
• Macrodrip
– Order specifies a large amount of fluid over a short
time
– Microdrips per minute are too many, and counting
the drip rate becomes too difficult
Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Adding Medications to IVs
• Check diluent and volume
• Check dose and expiration date of reconstituted solution
• Note whether IVPB should be refrigerated before use and
remain at room temperature
• Calculate the drip rate and record this information on
IVPB label
Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Reconstitution Device
Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins
Enteral Nutrition
• Used when patient cannot eat or cannot eat enough
• Administered with a pump
– Intermittent
– Cyclic
– Continuous
Copyright © 2009 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins