Transcript The Golden Age of Pericles

Bellringer
• Take out your outline and get ready for your
quiz!
• BJOTD: How do small people call each other?
Objectives
• The Students will know
– What the Golden Age of Athens was including some of the
major figures
– The major causes and effects of the Peloponnesian War
• The Students will understand
– The Peloponnesian War will lead Greece into a weakened
state, setting the stage for Philip II of Macedonia
• The Students will be able to
– Work together in order to use historical evidence to
identify and defend famous figures from Greek history
The Golden Age of Pericles
Effects of Persian Wars
• Persian Wars united Athens and Sparta against
the Persian Empire
– Athens became the leader of the Delian League (an
alliance of 140 city-states)
• Athenian victories over the Persians at Marathon
and Salamis left Greeks in control of the Aegean
Sea
• Athens preserved its independence and
continued innovations in government and
culture, leading to the rise of the Golden Age of
Greece
Post Persian War
• Athens is the leader of
the Delian League
– Goal: mutual defense
group in case of invasion
– Other city-states pay
money to help fund
Athens’ navy and army
• Athens is the premier
city-state
• Sparta has the
Peloponnesian League
– Goal: mutual defense
group in case of invasion
Pericles (495-425 BCE)
• Well-liked Athenian statesman who came to
power in Athens in 461 BCE
• Ruled for 32 years
Major Accomplishments
• Extension of democracy
– Increased the number of paid public officials
• Result:
– Officials chosen by election OR Lot
• Result:
– Fan of direct democracy
Other Accomplishments
• Rebuilt Athens after the
Persian Wars
• Promoted the arts and
architecture
– Columns
• Doric: strong, topped with
round capital
• Ionic: taller, slender, scrollshaped capital
• Corinthian: Ionic column
with intricately carved
capitals
Capital=top of column
The Parthenon
• Built by Pericles
• Statues created by Phidias (a famous
sculptor)
– The statue of Athena in the Parthenon
– The statue of Zeus at Olympia
• Uses of Parthenon
– Temple, treasury
Processing
• Take notes on the people on your pages
• Working with your group, you must:
– Identify who the page belongs to and back up your
identification with 3 clues from the yearbook page (1 must be
an explanation of the quote)
– Label what group the individual was a part of :
•
•
•
•
•
•
Literature/drama
Math/science/medicine
History
Government
Philosophy
Architecture
– Come up with your own superlative for that individual
• Example: for Cyrus the Great
– Nicest Person in the Class
The Peloponnesian War (431-401 BCE)
Athens and the
Delian League
vs.
Sparta and the
Peloponnesian League
• Competition between Athens and Sparta for the
control of Greece was a major cause of the war
• How did the war start?
• What was Pericles’ Funeral Oration about?
• How did Athens get supplies when they were isolated
inside their walls?
• What happened in Athens that killed 1/3 of the
population?
• Who was the leader of the Spartans that defeated
Athens?
• How did Lysander defeat the Athenians?
• What did Lysander demand that Athens do to their
walls? Why?
The Effects of the Peloponnesian War
• Slowed cultural advances and weakened
political power
– Ends the Golden Age of Athens, Sparta emerges as
the dominant power
– Poverty throughout Greece slowed cultural
advancement
Golden Age: Greek Drama
• Aeschylus
1. Playwright
2. Tragedies
3. Pride could bring
misfortune/the gods
could bring down even the
greatest hero
4. The Oresteia (The Trojan Wars)
• Sophocles
1. Playwright
2. Oedipus and Antigone
Golden Age: Greek Literature
• Homer
1. Poet (epics)
2. The Iliad and the
Odyssey – journey of
Odysseus coming
home after the
Trojan
War
Golden Age: Historical Writing
• Herodotus
1. Father of history
2. Stressed the importance of research and
bias
3. Wrote The Persian Wars
• Thucydides
1. History of the Peloponnesian War
2. Placed a lot of emphasis on accuracy and
precision of facts
Golden Age: Science
• Hippocrates
1. Doctor
2. Hippocratic Oath  do no harm (rule of
ethics for doctors)
• Archimedes
1. Physicist and inventor
2. Lever and pulley for moving heavy and
large objects
• Euclid
1. Mathematician
2. The Elements – basis for modern
geometry
• Pythagoras
1. Mathematician
2. Pythagorean Theorem
Time Magazine’s Most Influential Man
of 300 BCE
• Magazine Cover and Article that answers the
question of “Why should this individual be
named Time Magazine’s Person of the Year in 300
BCE?”
– Writing Component: Persuasive Essay with an
intro/thesis, body, and conclusion
– NO MORE THAN 1 page, single-spaced
• Magazine Cover: Picturing your person and hints
about their accomplishments that tie in with your
paper
2010
• Mark Zuckerberg,
creator of Facebook
2008
• Barack Obama
1938
• Adolph Hitler,
Chancellor of Germany