Long QT Syndrome
Download
Report
Transcript Long QT Syndrome
LONG QT
SYNDROME
Katie DePlatchett, M.D.
AM Report
April 7, 2010
LONG QT SYNDROME
(LQTS)
QT
interval = beginning of the QRS
to the end of the T wave
duration of activation and recovery
of the ventricular myocardium.
Bazett formula: QT/ square root of
RR
> 440 msecs in men
> 460 msecs in women
LONG QT SYNDROME
(LQTS)
Disease
of the ion channels
Prolongation of the action
potential
Early after depolarization*
Increased sympathetic activity
Imbalance in sympathetic
innervation of heart
ACTION POTENTIAL
ACQUIRED
Metabolic
(HypoK, HypoMg, HypoCal,
Anorexia, Hypothyroidism)
Medications
Antiarrhythmics (sotalol, amiodarone, etc)
Antibiotics (Macrolides, Fluoroquinolones)
Psychotropic (Haldol, TCAs, Thioridazine)
SSRIs, Risperidone, Methadone,
Droperidol, protease inhibitors
ACQUIRED
Myocardial
Ischemia or Infarction
Intracranial disease
Hypothermia
HIV
CONGENITAL
h/o
syncope, family h/o SCD, deafness
7 genetic defects
Important for identifying arrhythmia
triggers
LQT1 = exercise-related
LQT2 = auditory stimuli
LQT3 = at rest or sleep; no benefit from
BB
Most cases discovered after syncope or
arrest
TREATMENT
Primary
Prevention
Beta blockers
Avoidance of strenuous activity/sports
Left cardiac sympathetic denervation
Secondary
Prevention
Beta blockers
ICD
Avoidance of QT prolonging agents
BACK TO OUR PATIENT…
Discharge
with life vest & beta
blocker
Repeat Echocardiogrm = normal EF
Genetic testing: LQT1 + LQT9
mutations
LQT1 = EXERCISE RELATED!!!
No more novice marathon training.
s/p
ICD placement
No Family History of SCD
REFERENCES
Schwartz, PJ. The long QT syndrome. Curr Probl
Cardiol 1997; 22:297.
Zipes, DP, et al. ACC/AHA/ESC 2006 Guidelines
for Management of Patients With Ventricular
Arrhythmias & Prevention of SCD. J. Am Coll
Cardiol 2006; 48; 1064.
Priori, SG, et al. Association of long QT syndrome
loci and cardiac events among patients treated
with beta-blockers. JAMA 2004; 292;1341.
UpToDate