Transcript Imperialism

Nations Competed for Overseas Empires:
“New Imperialism”
Mr. Barchetto
Notes #3
Imperialism vs. Colonialism
Relationship to Each Other
 Imperialism:
 is the practice of a stronger nation dominating a weaker nation…not necessarily a
larger nation taken over a smaller nation.
 Relationships:
 Imperialism vs. Colonialism
 Although both terms are essentially the same, it is good to think of imperialism as the idea,
and colonialism as the action.
 Pre-19th century imperialism (Old Imperialism): settlement or trade
relationships with indigenous governments Age of Exploration
 19th-century imperialism (New Imperialism): occupation and direct rule by
Europeans Industrial Revolution
 Old vs. New Imperialism activity worksheet
Old Imperialism vs. New Imperialism
 Economic Motives:
 Desire for wealth, riches, and
 Economic Motives:
 Expansion of industry by
 Social/Religious Motives:
 Desire of Catholic priests to
 Social/Religious Motives:
 Racism, missionary zeal to
 Methods of Conquest:
 Military conquest of Native
 Methods of Conquest:
 Establishment of spheres of
new trade routes to Asia
(3 g’s-GOLD)
spread Christianity in the
Americas.(GOD & GLORY)
peoples.
acquiring new markets and
sources of raw materials
Christianize natives of Asia,
Africa and Pacific Islands
influence, colonies,
protectorates, or control by
private businesses
Old Imperialism vs. New Imperialism
 Patterns of colonial
management:
 Spanish subjected conquered people
to a system of forced labor. Dutch &
French est. trading posts, & British
est. colonies w/ limited self rule
 Resistance to colonial rule:
 Natives of New Mexico revolted
against Spanish Settlers.
 Patterns of colonial
management :
 British relied on indirect rule, while
other European powers ruled directly
through policies of paternalism and
assimilation
 Resistance to colonial rule :
 Algerians and East Africans failed in
resistance attempts; Ethiopians defeated
Italians and remained independent
 Impact of colonization:
 Impact of colonization :
 Negative- death of natives from war
 Negative- death of natives from war &
and European diseases, enslavement of
European diseases, economic
Africans
exploitation, arbitrary political division,
 Positive- global exchange of food
breakdown of traditions
items and livestock (Columbian
 Positive- reduced local warfare,
Exchange)
unification, modernization, raised
standards of living.
Causes of New Imperialism
 Success of Industrial Revolution!!
 Economic Interests
 Large surpluses due to the technology created during the industrial revolution left
Europe needing new markets for their goods; as well as a heavy demand
for raw materials from abroad.
 Political/Military
 In order to protect European possessions abroad it was important that strategic
areas were controlled and secured overseas.
 Nationalism
 A strong sense of national pride was associated with conquering lands abroad, which
led to competition of European powers to further expansion.
 Social Darwinism/Humanitarian Goals
 Europeans began believing that the strongest societies would not only survive
but it was their duty/privilege to conquer inferior people/races. There
was also this strong belief that the world must be Christianized.
Europe believed in its own superiority
“I contend that we Britons are the first
race in the world, and more of the world
we inhabit, the better it is for the human
race. I believe it is my duty to God, my
Queen, and my country to paint the
whole map of Africa red, red from the
Cape of Good Hope to Cairo”- Cecil
Rhodes
The White Man's Burden
By Rudyard Kipling
Take up the White Man's burden Send forth the best ye breed Go bind your sons to exile
To serve your captives' need;
To wait in heavy harness
On fluttered folk and wild Your new-caught sullen peoples,
Half devil and half child.
The Burial (1902) –Rudyard Kipling
WHEN that great Kings return to clay,
Or Emperors in their pride,
Grief of a day shall fill a day,
Because its creature died.
But we—we reckon not with those
Whom the mere Fates ordain,
This Power that wrought on us and goes
Back to the Power again.
Dreamer devout, by vision led
Beyond our guess or reach,
The travail of his spirit bred
Cities in place of speech.
So huge the all-mastering thought that drove—
So brief the term allowed—
Nations, not words, he linked to prove
His faith before the crowd.
It is his will that he look forth
Across the world he won—
The granite of the ancient North—
Great spaces washed with sun.
There shall he patient take his seat
(As when the Death he dared),
And there await a people’s feet
In the paths that he prepared.
There, till the vision he foresaw
Splendid and whole arise,
And unimagined Empires draw
To council ’neath his skies,
The immense and brooding Spirit still
Shall quicken and control.
Living he was the land, and dead,
His soul shall be her soul!
Success of New Imperialism

Medical Advances


Technology


Quinine and other medications helped Europeans survive
deadly tropical diseases.
Allowed Europeans to travel further into Africa & Asia
Weapons- Maxim Gun, repeating rifles, steam driven
warships
Economies- Strong economies lead to money & centralized
governments
Resistance

Technology made it very difficult for African and Asian cultures to
fight westernization.
Groups will resist and fight even though they do not have the
technology
Forms of Imperial Rule:
 Colony: country or a territory governed internally by a
foreign power
Protectorate:

country or a territory with its own
internal government but their foreign policy is under the
control of an outside power.

Condominium: a country ruled jointly by two other
nations.
Imperial Management Methods
Indirect Control:
Direct Control:
 Local government officials
 Foreign officials are
were used to help control area
 British let limited self-rule in
their colonies
 Goal: develop future
leaders (modeled by the
West)
brought into colonies to
rule
 No self rule
 Goal: assimilation