Transcript Document

Creating a vaccination protocol
Jason Kelly, DVM
March 9, 2008
AASV Veterinary Student session
Topics of Discussion
Myths of “the new vet”
Know your enemy
Basic vaccine considerations
Look at big picture
Change doesn’t always happen quickly.
Myths about new vets
I don’t feel like I know enough.
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You will know plenty!
Spend as much time with practitioners as possible. Travel
around the country.
Attend AASV.
Work on a project and present at AASV.
People don’t want the “new guy/girl.”
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BS! People don’t care how much you know until they
know how much you care.
Most clients are excited to have the new grad to the farm.
Your first phone call…..
“I am having some trouble with herd health.
My replacement gilts are thumping and
dying, my sows are off feed, pre-wean
mortality is 25%, nursery mortality is 15%,
finishing mortality is 10%, and I load
another 5% on the cull truck. I struggle to
get my pigs marketed because I am always
having to obey withdrawal times when I
take them off medications.”
Your first phone call…..
How will you respond?
A. What a mess. Put them on tetracycline and
call me if things aren’t better in a week.
B. What a mess. Have you considered
folding up the tent and calling it quits?
C. What a mess. Let me think about it for a
week or two and I’ll get back to you.
Your first phone call…..
How will you respond?
D. It sounds like a complex situation. When
can I meet you at the farm so I can better
understand your operation? You are lucky
you called me because I KNOW I CAN
HELP YOU!!
Your meeting at the farm
What is the goal of this farm/producer?
How are facilities laid out?
What is the primary problem?
What other factors contribute to the
fundamental problem?
What is the current vaccination protocol?
What other medications are used on the farm?
Know your enemy…
What disease challenges are present within this
farm or flow of pigs?
Separate primary from secondary pathogens
How are new animals introduced to this farm?
How is health downstream from the sow farm?
Is prevalence high enough or is the economic
impact large enough to vaccinate?
Is a vaccine available? Is it efficacious?
Basic Vaccine Considerations
When does exposure occur?
What is the best timing?
How long is duration of immunity?
Which product do I pick?
One dose vs. Two doses
Modified live vs. killed
Injectable vs. Oral administration
Is product consistently available?
Autogenous vaccine?
Look at big picture….
You cannot vaccinate or medicate your
way out of a management problem.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Pigflow (Breed targets, FR, facility size)
All-in, all-out vs. Continuous flow
Ventilation
Biosecurity
Employee performance
Back to our new client….
Current protocols
Gilt entry (Directly into farm)
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PRRS/Mhyo naïve source
FarrowSure (2 doses)
Enterisol ileitis
Sows
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Scourmune prefarrow
FarrowSure prefarrow
Pigs
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Traditional nursery and finisher flow (AIAO)
MycoSilencer Once 2cc at movement to finisher (50 lbs)
Suvaxyn E-Oral at movement to finisher (50 lbs)
Now what?
Diagnostics
Thumping gilts
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PRRS + Mhyo
Sows
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SIV from nasal swab
PRRS positive PCR on piglets
Nursery
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PRRS, H. parasuis, Strep. suis
Finisher
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PCV2
Mycoplasma
Lawsonia
Problem(s)
No isolation/acclimation
No Mycoplasma protection
Constant supply of PRRS viremia
No SIV protection except natural
Constant supply of PRRS viremia
Secondary infections
Late Mycoplasma vaccine timing
No PCV2 protection
No Lawsonia control program
Fix the problems
Solution(s)
Problems
PRRS/Mycoplasma in
replacement gilts
PRRS throughout farm
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B/G, farrowing, nursery
Farrowing movement guidelines
None/minimal cross-fostering
No movement in a cart
No holding back pigs at weaning
1.
2.
Find isolation facility
Vaccinate for Mhyo (2 doses)
1.
2.
3.
Load up on gilts-close farm
Processing procedures improved
Strict movement guidelines- farrowing
Processing procedures (EVERY litter)
Change needles
Change scalpel blade
Change latex/vinyl gloves
Clean tatoo digits in alcohol
Clean tail clippers in alcohol
Fix the problems
Solution(s)
Problems
SIV in sows
1.
2.
Vaccinate for SIV
Considerations: Timing, autogenous?
Nursery HPS & Strep
secondary to PRRS
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2.
3.
Stabilize PRRS upstream
Assess ventilation
Medicate as appropriate
What affect does PRRS have on vaccine response?
PCV2 in finishing
Vaccinate for PCV2 in nursery
•Circoflex at weaning
Mycoplasma in finishing
Move vaccination to early nursery
•Mycosilencer Once (1cc) at weaning
•Mycosilencer Once (1cc) 3 weeks later
Change doesn’t happen quickly
Breed
4 months
Farrow
3 weeks
Nursery
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Be patient!!
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Assess results…
1) Objectively
2) Appropriate sample size
7-8 weeks
Finisher
20 weeks
Market
The last problem
Solution(s)
Problems
Ileitis in finisher
1.
2.
3.
Oral vaccine?
Feed medication control?
Both?
Can I double dip here?
Lawsonia vaccinated pigs will not market for 20 weeks.
I know I have Mycplasma in the finisher.
Pigs vaccinated earlier with Mycoplasma vaccine will not market for 26 weeks
Which antibiotics could control Mycoplasma and ileitis?
CTC
Lincomycin
Tiamulin
Follow-up
Continue disease monitoring.
Assess current program and identify areas
of improvement
Challenge costs- If vaccine is no longer
necessary, take it out.
Conclusions
A vaccine protocol is only a piece of herd health
management
Know your enemy…what are you dealing with
(exactly)?
Basic vaccine considerations…there are many.
Look at big picture…what is going on around you?
Change doesn’t happen quickly in all cases.
Thank you for your attention!
Questions?
Jason Kelly
515-341-4165
[email protected]