Transcript Careers in Health Informatics

Careers in Medicine
Doctor of Medicine
Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine
Physician Assistant
Their function is to:
– Promote optimal health and provide care
during illness
– Provide the services of prevention, diagnosis,
and treatment to their patients
– Work with their clients in a close or primary
relationship to improve or maintain their
health
Helpful High School Courses and Experiences
• High school students should study:
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
Biology
Chemistry
Physics
Math through the calculus level
Anatomy & physiology
World languages
Health and related courses
• Participation in community and volunteer experiences is
VERY helpful for admission into medical school.
• Healthcare volunteering, work experience, and shadowing
physicians is very valuable.
Working Environment
Hours– Physicians usually work 60 hours a week or more. Their
hours are often irregular, and sometimes include evenings
and weekends.
– Some physicians are frequently on-call in the event of an
emergency situation, however, more and more physicians
are joining networks or groups, which allow them to share in
the responsibilities of on-call duties.
DOCTOR OF MEDICINE
M.D.’s are fully trained and licensed physicians
who can specialize in family practice or in any
other specific field of medicine.
Doctor of Medicine
• Physicians perform medical examinations, take
histories, request lab studies, and order x-rays to
diagnose and treat illnesses and injuries.
• Also known as allopathic physicians and MDs, they
are licensed to perform surgery and prescribe
medications.
Doctor of Medicine
• Other physicians work in research to find new
ways to diagnose, control, and cure diseases.
• Physicians with their own practices must also
oversee personnel, payroll, billing and other
business related functions.
Doctor of Medicine
Areas of Specialization
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Allergy and Immunology
Anesthesiology
Colon and Rectal Surgery
Dermatology
Emergency Medicine
Family Practice
Internal Medicine
Medical Genetics
Neurological Surgery
Nuclear Medicine
Obstetrics and Gynecology
Ophthalmology
Orthopaedic Surgery
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Otolaryngology
Pathology
Pediatrics
Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation
Plastic Surgery
Preventive Medicine
Psychiatry and Neurology
Radiology
Surgery
Thoracic Surgery
Urology
Doctor of Medicine
Work Environment
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Community health centers
HMO’s
HIV/AIDS clinics
Hospitals
Indian Health Service
Medical schools
Military
Prisons
Private practices
Public health departments
Research facilities
Substance abuse treatment
centers
Urgent care centers
Veterans' affairs
Salary
•
Average Starting Salary
–
(primary care physician)
• $110,600- $162,700 ($300, 000)
•
Employment Information (WI)
–
–
–
Number Employed in 2008: 14,640
Expected Employment in 2018: 16,050
Percent Employment Growth (2008-2018):
Doctor of Medicine Academic Requirements
• A four-year undergraduate degree emphasizing the
sciences and liberal arts is required to enter medical
school.
• Some medical schools have early admissions
programs, which allow more flexibility in course
scheduling during the last two years of college.
Medical schools also require applicants to take the
Medical College Admission Test (MCAT).
Doctor of Medicine Academic Requirements
• Four years of medical school is required after receiving a
bachelor’s degree.
– University of WI- Madison
– Medical College of WI- Milwaukee
• Some schools offer combined bachelor’s and medical degrees;
training lasts from six to eight years. Students are accepted into
this type of program directly from high school.
• Physicians undergo graduate medical training after completion
of medical school. This is called a residency program and lasts
from three to five years.
DOCTOR OF OSTEOPATHIC MEDICINE
D.O.’s are fully trained and licensed physicians who can specialize in family
practice or in any other specific field of medicine. D.O’s have additional
training in Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment, a hands-on treatment tool that
focuses on the body’s structure and function, and its ability to help heal itself.
Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine
• A doctor of osteopathic medicine (DO) performs
medical examinations, orders x-rays and laboratory
studies, performs surgery and prescribes medications
to diagnose and treat illnesses and injuries.
• They are also known as osteopathic physicians.
• They emphasize the importance of prevention, diet,
exercise, and environment in staying well, and the
role that the musculoskeletal system (nerves, joints,
muscles, and bones) plays in disease, illness, and
injury.
Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine
Work Environment
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Salary
• Average Starting Salary $110,660
Community health centers
- $185,000
Educational institutions
Health maintenance organizations
• Employment Information (WI)
HIV/AIDS clinics
– Number Employed in 2008: 14,640
– Expected Employment in 2018: 16,050
Hospitals
– Percent Employment Growth (2008-2018):
Military
Private practices
Public health departments
Research facilities
Substance abuse treatment centers
Urgent care centers
Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine
Academic Requirements
• A four-year undergraduate degree emphasizing the
sciences and liberal arts is required to enter a school
of osteopathic medicine.
• Osteopathic students must also take the Medical
College Admission Test (MCAT) during college.
Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine
Academic Requirements
• Osteopathic medical schools require four years of
study beyond a bachelor’s degree. DOs then
complete a one-year internship covering internal
medicine, obstetrics, gynecology, family practice,
pediatrics, and surgery.
– Schools
• They may choose a specialty and serve in a residency
program from two to six years.
PHYSICIAN ASSISTANT
Video clip
Physician Assistant
• Physician assistant (PA) provides both acute and
routine health care for patients of all ages. PAs
practice medicine under the supervision of a
physician, but can also perform independently in a
variety of settings as well as work closely with their
supervising physician in specialty care areas such as
surgery.
• PAs perform activities such as taking medical history,
giving injections, treating wounds and counseling
patients.
Additional Duties:
• Provide routine patient services traditionally performed by a
physician
• Interview patients for medical histories, perform physical exams
and laboratory tests, give injections, counsel patients, treat
wounds and refer patients
• Assist doctors in conducting hospital rounds, developing and
implementing patient management plans, and performing routine
diagnostic procedures
• Work under supervision of doctors and present their findings to
them
• Physician assistants' hours may vary depending upon where they
work although it usually is a 40-hour work week. They may be oncall, and they may work evenings, early mornings, weekends and
holidays.
Physician Assistant
Work Environment
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Clinics
Community health centers
HMO’s
Hospitals
Medical colleges
Military
Nursing homes
Pain management centers
Physicians' offices
Prisons
Research
Student health services
Trauma centers
Salary
• Average Starting Salary $68,096 ($115,000)
• Employment Information (WI)
–
–
–
–
Number Employed in 2008: 1,670
Expected Employment in 2018: 2,120
Percent Employment Growth (2008-2018): 27%
Expected Annual Openings: 80
Physician Assistant Academic Requirements
• Most schools require a bachelor's degree and
previous health care experience for entrance into a
physician assistant program.
• A master's degree is the entry level education
standard for the profession.
Physician Assistant Academic Requirements
• The program includes two years of classroom and laboratory
instruction and clinical rotations in internal medicine, family
medicine, pediatrics, obstetrics/ gynecology, emergency
medicine, and geriatric medicine.
• Educational Institutions
Carroll University
Marquette University
University of Wisconsin - La Crosse
University of Wisconsin – Madison
• By completing and passing a certification exam, one may use the title
"Physician Assistant Certified" or PA-C. To remain certified, PA's must have
100 hours of Continuing Medical Education (CME) every 2 years and pass a
recertification exam every 6 years.
Surgical Technologist
Job Duties:
• Surgical technologists sometimes referred to as
Operating Room Technicians become an integral
member of the surgical team. They provide patient
care before, during, and after surgery with a primary
responsibility for maintaining the sterile field.
• They work in an operating room setting, under the
direct supervision of registered nurses and surgeons.
Surgical Technologist
Salary:
•
•
Typical Salary Range (2010) (Wisconsin): $34,600 to $58,900 per year
Typical Salary Range (2010) (National): $28,100 to $57,300 per year
•
Employment Information (Wisconsin)
Expected Employed in 2008: 2,660
Expected Employment in 2018: 3,330
•
•
Percent Employment Growth (2008 – 2018): 25%
Expected Annual Openings: 130
Surgical Technologist
Working conditions:
• Surgical technologists work in clean, well-lighted, cool
environments. They must stand for long periods and remain
alert during operations. At times they may be exposed to
communicable diseases and unpleasant sights, odors, and
materials.
• Surgical technologists usually work 40 hours a week.
• They may work rotating shifts during these times.
• They may work overtime, nights, weekends, and holidays.
• Usually, Surgical Technologist must be ready to work anytime
while on call.
Surgical Technologist Academic Requirements
• Surgical technologists receive their training in formal
programs offered by technical colleges, universities, hospitals,
and the military. Most programs do not require more than a
high school education for program entrance, but many do
require applicants to have taken and passed prerequisite
courses (usually in the basic sciences and medical
terminology).
• Many surgical tech programs lead to a CST (Certificate in
Surgical Technology) upon graduation, but approximately 40%
of the available programs lead to an associate degree.
Surgical Technologist Academic Requirements
Schools:
Chippewa Valley Technical College
Gateway Technical College
Madison Area Technical College
Mid-State Technical College
Milwaukee Area Technical College
Moraine Park Technical College
Nicolet Area Technical College
Northcentral Technical College
Northeast Wisconsin Technical College
Waukesha County Technical College
Western Technical College
Medical Assistant
Job Duties:
•
Medical assistants perform routine administrative and clinical tasks to keep the
offices and clinics of physicians, podiatrists, chiropractors, and optometrists running
smoothly
Working conditions:
•
Medical assistants work in well-lighted, clean environments. They constantly interact
with other people, and may have to handle several responsibilities at once.
•
Usually work 40 hours a week.
•
They can work rotating weekends and holidays
Medical Assistant
Salary
•
•
Typical Salary (WI) $23,300 to $38,000 per year.
Typical Salary (N) $20,800 to $40,200 per year.
•
•
Employment Information (Wisconsin)
Number Employed in 2008: 9,860
Expected Employment in 2018: 11,960
•
•
Percent Employment Growth (2008-2018): 21%
Expected Annual Openings: 320
Medical Assistant Academic Requirements
• Most employers prefer graduates of formal programs in medical assisting.
• Postsecondary programs usually last either 1 year, resulting in a certificate
or diploma, or 2 years, resulting in an associate degree.
• Educational Institutions
Blackhawk Technical College
Chippewa Valley Technical College
Concordia University Wisconsin
Fox Valley Technical College
Gateway Technical College
Globe University - Appleton
Lakeshore Technical College
Madison Area Technical College
Mid-State Technical College
Milwaukee Area Technical College
Moraine Park Technical College
Northcentral Technical College
Northeast Wisconsin Technical College
Rasmussen College - Appleton Campus
Waukesha County Technical College
Western Technical College
Wisconsin Indianhead Technical College - Ashland
Summary
There are a variety of careers available in Medicine. Educational
requirements vary by career and career level. Students
interested in these careers should use the information
provided here as a basis for a career plan. The student should
also research the career further to complete a career plan.
Career available in Medicine include:
»
»
»
»
»
»
Chiropractor
Doctor of Medicine
Doctor of Osteopathic Medicine
Physician Assistant
Medical Assistant
Surgical Technologists