Transcript FISH SHOWx

Fish Classification
 Domain: Eukarya
 Kingdom Animalia
 Phylum Chordata
Class Agnatha ( Jawless Fish)
 Class Chondrichthyes
(Cartilaginous Fish)
 Class Osteichthyes ( Bony Fish)

 Fish first appeared in the Earth’s oceans 540 MILLION
years ago.
 Fishes are WATER - dwelling vertebrates
 Characteristics:
 SCALES
 FINS
 THROATS WITH GILL SLITS
SOLUTION TO POLLUTION IS
DILUTION
 POINT SOURCE – pollution that you can point at, it
comes from a specific source.
 NON-POINT SOURCE – pollution you can not point
at; comes from run-off
Name that source
JAWLES FISH – Class Agnatha
 1.) These fish are the most PRIMITATIVE of all
fishes (THEY ARE THE OLDEST!)
 2.) NO JAWS, SCALES, and PAIRED
FINS.
 3.) The entire skeleton is made of CARTILAGE.
 Meaning these fish do not have any BONES.
JAWLESS FISH – Class Agnatha
 4.) The main form of support these fish have is from
the NOTOCHORD.
 5.) Examples: LAMPREY and HAGFISH
JAWLESS FISH – Class Agnatha
 6.) LAMPREY has a suction-cup mouth, which is
surrounded by sharp teeth. This mouth will attach to
a fish and scrapes away at the fish’s skin.
 The lamprey then sucks up the TISSUES of its
victim!
LAMPREY
DRAW MY
MOUTH IN
YOUR NOTES!
JAWLESS FISH – class Agnatha
 7.) The hagfish uses four to six short TENTACLES
that sound its nostrils and mouth as its sensory organ
for TOUCH.
 8.) The hagfish feeds on DEAD or dying fishes by
TEARING out pieces of the fish with its tongue
and teeth-like structures.
HAGFISH
CARTILAGENOUS FISH – Class
Chondrichthyes
 1.) Cartilaginous fishes mainly include SHARKS,
RAYS, and SKATES.
 2.) Sharks have a skeleton made of CARTILAGE
 with toothlike
SCALES covering their bodies (makes
their skin feel like sandpaper).
 3.) The body of a shark includes:
TORPEDO-SHAPED BODY
 b. CURVED TAIL
 c. ROUNDED SNOUT WITH MOUTH
UNDERNEATH
 a.
TIGER SHARK
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3-Zk1nd_dY8
Fish are friends, not food.
GREAT WHITE SHARK
http://ocean.si.edu/ocean-videos/what-if-there-were-no-sharks What
would happen if we got rid of sharks?
CARTILAGENOUS FISH – class
Chondrichthyes
 4.) Sharks have
3,000 very long teeth arranged in
many rows inside its mouth.
MOLLUSCS and
CRUSTACEANS have FLATTENED
teeth that help them CRUSH the shells of their
 5.) Sharks that eat
prey.
 6.) The bodies of skates and rays are
FLAT.
BULLNOSED RAY
CARTILAGENOUS FISH – class
Chondrichthyes
 7.) Skates and rays have two LARGE,
BROAD
fins that stick out from their sides. They beat these
fins to MOVE through the water.
 8.) Rays and skates often lie on the ocean FLOOR
where they HIDE by using their fins to cover their
bodies with sand.
 9.) Some rays have a poisonous SPINE at the end of
their long, thin tail, which is mainly used for
DEFENSE rather than for catching PREY.
BONY FISH – Class Osteichthyes
 1.) These fish have a skeleton made up of
HARD BONE.
 2.) There are two main categories of bony fishes:
LOBE- FINNED bony fishes
 b.) RAY- FINNED bony fishes
 a.)
ROCK BASS
These eggs turn into…
BROOK TROUT
BLUEGILL SUNFISH
CARP
FLATHEAD CATFISH
NORTHERN PIKE
STRIPED BASS
COELACANTH
YELLOW PERCH
ATLANTIC SALMON
Class Osteichthyes
 3.) Ray-finned bony fishes include
and SEA
PERCHES
HORSES.
 4.) COELACANTHS are the only living
species of lobe-finned bony fishes.
Class Osteichthyes
 5.) Bony fishes have an SWIM
BLADDER.
 This gas-filled sac gives bony fishes BUOYANCY
or the ability to FLOAT in water.
 By inflating or deflating its swim bladder, a fish can
float at DIFFERENT levels in the water.
 So why do fish “belly up” when they die?
Class Chondrichthyes
 6.) Tuna travel in large numbers called SCHOOLS.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XzZhSl_00pI&feature=related
Nom Nom Nom…
 When is the best time to fish for Tuna and other fish?
 http://takemefishing.org/fishing/fishopedia/how-to-
fish/when-to-fish/
1.) Circulatory System:
 CLOSED circulatory system, where BLOOD is
contained within blood vessels.
 GILLS will provide the oxygen
 Chamber of the heart that receives blood from the body:
ATRIA
 Chamber of the heart that pumps blood to the body:
VENTRICLE
2.) EXCRETORY SYSTEM
 Tube-like KIDNEYS that filter nitrogen-
containing WASTES from the blood.
 Most fishes get rid of the nitrogen-containing wastes in
the form of AMMONIA.

This accumulation of ammonia is why you must always check
the water quality of your aquariums!
AQUARIUM NITROGEN CYCLE
3.) SENSORY DETECTION
 Since fishes do not hear sounds very well, fish can
detect faint CURRENTS and VIBRATIONS
in the water through a “ DISTANT - TOUCH”
system.
 Many fishes have a great sense of smell and taste. A
shark can detect the presence of one drop of
BLOOD in 115 liters of seawater.
FISH REPRODUCTION
 EXTERNAL FERTILIZATION
 The female lays EGGS in water, and the MALE
will cover the eggs in sperm to allow for fertilization
OUTSIDE of the body.
 Examples: SALMON
 http://www.pbs.org/wnet/nature/lessons/the-
lifecycle-of-salmon/enhanced-video-resource/7395/
FISH REPRODUCTION
INTERNAL FERTILIZATION
 Fertilization will take place in the female’s body and
the female will lay a FERTILIZED egg.
 Examples:
SHARKS
AQUATIC ENVIRONMENTS
FRESHWATER VS. MARINE FISH