Transcript Insect

Bell work
1. Take out your bell work.
2. On the next line, write today’s date.
3. On the next line (or lines), copy today’s bell work questions (below).
4. After writing the questions, write your answer in complete sentences.
5. After we review the answer to today’s question, correct your answer if needed, and
place your bell work into your folder. We will use the same sheet of paper all week.
All bell work from this week must be on one sheet of paper. Bell work will be
collected on Friday.
What is the major difference between
insects and arachnids?
Date
Learning Goal
Objective
4/2/14
Discuss distinguishing
characteristics of
vertebrate and
representative
invertebrate phyla, and
chordate classes using
typical examples.
Distinguish major organs
in an arthropod
Essential
Question
What structures are
specific to arthropods?
Vocabulary
exoskeleton, molt,
sensory antennae
Subject
Bell work
Agenda
Ticket Out: Completed arthropod notes
Homework: Insect wanted poster due Friday 4/4
Zoology
What is the major
difference between
insects and arachnids?
• Arthropod direct
instruction
• Arthropod Notes
Bell work
What is the major difference between
insects and arachnids?
The body of an insect is comprised of three
segments; the body of an arachnid is comprised of
two segments
What other answers would have
worked?
• Insects have six legs; arachnids have eight legs.
• Insects have compound eyes; arachnids have simple
eyes.
• Insects have antennae; arachnids do not.
• Many insects have wings; no arachnid has wings.
• Insects have mandibles; arachnids have chelicerae
• Insects undergo some form of metamorphosis;
arachnids do not.
This week’s homework
• Insect Wanted Poster (must be an insect)
• Template on Moodle, but you can use a different
format (one sheet of paper, 8.5” x 11”)
• Must include:
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Picture
Scientific name
Common name
Description
Diet
Habitat
What is an insect?
• Any of numerous usually small arthropod
animals of the class Insecta, having an adult
stage characterized by three pairs of legs and
a body segmented into head, thorax, and
abdomen and usually having two pairs of
wings. Insects include the flies, crickets,
mosquitoes, beetles, butterflies, and bees
REMINDER
• Dissection tomorrow
• You must be wearing closed-toe shoes to
participate
What’s next?
• Arthropods
PHYLUM ARTHROPODA
“JOINTED LEGS”
General Characteristics
• Largest phylum (75%
all animals)
• Terr, FW, SW
General Morphology
Exoskeleton: outside; made of chitin (a fibrous substance
that forms the exoskeleton of arthropods)
1. Protection, attachment of muscles, support
2. Molt: Sheds exoskeleton as grows (ecdysis)
3. Body segmented; bilateral symmetry
4. Jointed appendages
5. Dioecious – separate males & females
Example: horseshoe crab
Female
identified with an inverted "U" or
bell-shaped apron and redtipped claws.
Male
"T" shaped apron and bluetipped claws.
6. Eyes – 2 types
Compound – image forming
Simple – detect movement
TYPES
Insects - 750,000+ sp
• Rare in SW; salt marshes (flies, mosquitoes)
•Have a mandible - a pair of appendages near the insect's
mouth; the function is typically to grasp, crush, or cut the
insect's food, or to defend against predators or rivals.
Chelicerates – spiders, ticks, scorpions
•
Cephalothorax (prosoma)
Fused head and thoracic region
• Horseshoe Crab “Living Fossil”
• Has blue blood
•Soft bottom; shallow water; E. coast of N.
Amer has 1 species
Crustaceans – crab, shrimp, lobster
• Mostly SW
• Gills to get oxygen
• Have a green gland - excretory organs in some crustaceans
that open at the base of each antenna
• Appendages specialized for crawling, swimming,
mating, feeding
• 2 pairs sensory antennae
CRUSTACEAN DIVERSITY
Small: Planktonic, benthic
Pill bugs (roly poly)
Though they're often
associated with insects
and are referred to as
"bugs," pillbugs actually
belong to the subphylum
Crustacea. They're much
more closely related to
shrimp and crayfish than
to any kind of insect.
Copepods
• 1-5 mm; planktonic; benthic; abundant (biggest
biomass in sea)
• Transparent; single eye
Sheldon J. Plankton
Barnacles
• Benthic; sessile; marine
• Often on whales, turtles, boats, manatees
• Heavy, calcareous shell w/shrimp-like crustacean inside
• Feathery filtering appendages called cirri (legs)
humorist.net/animation/barnacle.htm
Acorn Barnacles
Gooseneck Barnacles
Amphipods
• <2 cm; laterally compressed; curved body
Isopods
• <2 cm; flattened dorso-ventrally
Parasitic Fish Louse
Giant Isopod
Krill
• Shrimp-like; to 6cm
• Filter Feeders
• Common in polar water; food for baleen whales
DECAPOD CRUSTACEANS
• “10 LEGS”
• Largest crustacean group;
•most advanced
• Many benthic
• Common size 5-10 cm
•(to 20cm)
• Shrimp, crabs, lobsters
American vs. Spiny Lobster
• Solitary & aggressive
• More social
• 2 large claws
• Covered w/spines; lacks
large claws
•Larger for crushing
•Smaller for tearing
• Rock ledges & crevices
• Hide in rocks/corals SE US
Crabs
Lady/
Calico
Crab
Green Crab (invasive)
Blue Crab
STONE CRAB
Spider Crab
JAPANESE GIANT SPIDER CRAB
DECORATOR CRAB
decorate their carapace with bits of algae and
invertebrates
Shrimp
• Exoskeleton thinner than other decapods
• 1–8“
• Rostrum – long spine extending from front of
carapace (the hard upper shell)
GRASS SHRIMP
MANTIS SHRIMP
LARVAE
PEACOCK MANTIS SHRIMP
CLEANER SHRIMP
Mole Crab
Hermit Crab
COOL CRUSTACEANS
COCONUT CRAB
YETI CRAB
SHIELD SHRIMP
Crayfish
Phylum Arthropoda
Class Crustacea
Appearance:
• ~ 7.5 cm (3 in.) long
• 500 sp in N. Amer.
• Decapods = 10 legs
• Exoskeleton = shed w/growth (molting)
• Looks like small lobster
Behavior:
• Most active at night
• Omnivorous scavengers
• Dig burrows
• Most
FW, some SW
• Food in Louisiana, Kentucky, etc
Part I: Structures
1. Long antennae
2. Short antenna
3. Pincer
4. Eye
5. Mouth
6. Walking leg
7. Carapace
8. Short swimmeret
9. Modified swimmeret
10. Egg pore
11. Long swimmeret
Female Crayfish
Male Crayfish
Part I: Structures
How can you tell the difference between a male and female
crayfish?
Male Crayfish
Female Crayfish
First pair of swimmerets is
modified
Bigger pincers
Smaller pincers
Narrower tales
Wider tails
No egg pores
Egg pores
Shorter swimmerets
Longer swimmerets
Morphology of a crayfish: edible freshwater crustacean, with pincers on the two
forelegs.
Claw: ends of the largest of a crayfish limbs.
Rostrum: extension of a crayfish's shell.
Head: foremost part of a crayfish.
Thorax: upper part of a crayfish's body.
Abdomen: lower part of a crayfish's body.
Exopodite: external part of the uropod.
Endopodite: internal part of the uropod.
Uropod: swimming appendage of the crayfish.
Telson: last segment of the abdomen of a crayfish.
Segment: ring of the abdomen of a crayfish.
Walking leg: limb of a crayfish used for forward motion.
Coumpond eye (stalked eye): complex sight organ of a crayfish.
Antennule: small antenna.
Cheliped: front leg which ends in pincers.
Antenna: organ of touch of a crayfish.
Arthropod Notes
• The PowerPoint is on my web page
• Notes worksheet is in your folder