Transcript Arthropods Chapter 31

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Arthropods Chapter 31
• Diversity of Arthropods
–Arachnids
–crustaceans
–Centipedes and Millipedes
–Insects
• What is an Arthropod?
• Characteristics of Arthropods
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Diversity of Arthropods
• Arachnids
• Crustaceans
• Centipedes / Millipedes
• Insects
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What is an Arthropod?
• Characteristics of Arthropods
–Invertebrate
–bilateral
–exoskeleton
–appendages
(jointed Appendages)
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Segmentation in Arthropods
• Head
• Thorax
• Abdomen
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Body Segment fused
• Cephalotharax
• Abdomen
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Exoskeleton
• Success of group attributed to this
features
• hard thick outer layer made of
protein called chitin
• Used as armor protection and
support for muscle attachments
• Problems with exoskeleton
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Jointed Appendages
• Multiple uses:
senses, walking, feeding
and mating
• Joints allow more powerful
movement
• allow appendages to be used in
multiple ways
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Why they must Molt?
• Exoskeleton is heavy and bulky
• restricts speed of movement
• require that the exoskeleton be
shed to allow growth (molting)
• During molting which may
require a lot of time the animal is
vulnerable
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Gas Exchange
Book Lungs
Gills
Tracheal Tubes
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Arthropod Senses
• Movement, sound, or chemical can
be detected by ANTENNAE -
pheromomes
• Detect light with SIMPLE EYES
• Motion and some colors are
detected by the COMPOUND EYES
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Nervous System
• Well developed :
– double ventral nerve cord,
– anterior brain,
–several ganglia - each segment
has a set to help control the
functions
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Complex body systems
• Open circulatory system bathes the
organs
• Complex digestive system
• Mouth parts have a great variety
–holding
–chewing
–sucking/ biting
• Waste removed by malpighian tubules
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Sucking mouth parts
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Butterfly mouth part
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Bee mouth part
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Spider Fangs
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More Spider fangs
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Reproduction
• Sexual reproduction
• Some are hemaphrodites
• Parthenogenesis
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Luber Grasshopper
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Walking Stick
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Special Mouth Parts
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Butterfly
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Crayfish’s External anatomy
-cephalothorax
- abdomen
-Walking legs
-claws(cheliped)
-antenna
-antennules
- swimmeret
- uropods
- mouth parts
mandible
maxilla
maxilliped
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Crayfish’s Internal anatomy
• Digestive
– Esophagus
– stomach
• grastric mill
– intestine
– anus
Circulatory
- open system
heart
dorsal artery
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Crayfish’s Internal Anatomy 2
• Respiratory
system
– Gills
– legs
– bailers
(maxilla)
• Excretory sytem
– green gland
– green gland pore
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Questions A (100 words each)
1.Compare the digestive, respiratory, and
reproductive system of Arachnids and
Grasshoppers
2. What are 5 anatomical characteristics
that only Arachnids have?
3. How do joints affect the speed and
power an animal has?