Phylum Arthropoda
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Transcript Phylum Arthropoda
Phylum Arthropoda
“JOINTED LEGS”
Euglossa Bazinga
http://www.nydailynews.com/entertainment/tv-
movies/bazinga-species-bee-named-big-bangtheory-character-catch-phrase-article-1.1232240
Characteristics of Arthropods
Modified segmentation –
body regions specialized for
specific functions
(tagmatization).
Chitinous exoskeleton used
for support and protection
Paired, jointed appendages
Growth accompanied by
molting (ecdysis)
Characteristics of Arthropods
Ventral nervous system
Reduced coelom
Open circulatory system
where blood is released into
tissue spaces (hemocoel)
Complete digestive tract
Metamorphosis often
present
Exoskeleton of Chitin
Must molt to fit
as animal grows larger
External, jointed skeleton which encloses arthropods
Provides support, protection, and prevents water loss
System of levers for muscle attachment and
movement
Secreted by epidermal cells
Segmentation
Muscles and Movement:
complex muscular system – both smooth and
striated strong muscle contractions – fast,
active movements - muscle strength to body weight
ratio of flea greater than that of
humans!
Jointed Appendages
Gills, Compound Eyes, etc.
Respiratory features
efficient respiratory structures
– gills, tracheal tubes, book
lungs, spiracles
Internal Features (cont.)
open circulatory
systems – has heart
and arteries but vessels
are open-ended; blood
flows out among
tissues: there are large
open spaces loosely
filled with
tissues, sinuses, and
blood
Internal features
complex digestive system
and digestive glands to
produce enzymes
Malphighian tubules –
used to excrete wastes
into intestine
Mandibles
mandibles – jaws that
hold, chew, suck, or bite
Spiders
Class Arachnida
Spider chelicerae
Act as fangs or pincers to hold food
Pedipalps
act as sensors or
handle food
Funnel Web
Orb Web
Spinnerets
Spider Reproduction
Brown Recluse
Black Widow Spider
Scorpion
http://healthlineinfo.com/mite-allergy.html
Tick
Eyelash Mite
Plant Mites
II. Merostomata – horseshoe crabs
“living fossils” – little
change in 500 million
yrs, much like extinct
trilobites
large heavy
exoskeletons, live on
ocean floor
Crustacea
Crayfish external
anatomy
Crustacea
Crayfish
head
Crustacea
Crayfish
Mouthparts
Crayfish Feeding
Crayfish Brooding
Crayfish Molting
http://news.sciencemag.org/sciencen
ow/2012/06/mantis-shrimpsmash.html
Subphylum Myriapoda
Four classes, two major:
Diplopoda-
2 pairs of legs per segment, body
round in cross section. Millipedes
Chilopoda-1
pair of legs per segment, body oval
in cross section, poison claws. Centipedes
Pink Dragon Millipede
Scolopendra gigantea
Vietnamese Centipede
House Centipede
Garden Centipede
Centipede – Poison Claw/Fang
Diplopoda - Millipedes
Giant African Millipede
Insecta
Class Insecta
30 Orders within Class Insecta!
Common features an adult Insect is characterized by:
Body divided into head, thorax, abdomen
Three pairs of legs
Wings
Insect Body Parts
Compound Eyes
Complete Metamorphosis
larvapupaadult
in ants, beetles, flies,
moths, butterflies
Larva – free-living & wormlike
eats, grows, & molts
Pupa – most in cocoon while
tissues & organs of larva
broken down and replaced by
adult tissues
Adult – emerges from pupa, ready to reproduce
Reduces competition between adults and
immature stages
Ex: Larval crabs feed on plankton, adult crabs prowl sandy
bottoms for live prey.
Ex: Caterpillar feeds on leafy vegetables, adult butterfly feeds
on nectar from flowers.
Incomplete Metamorphosis
eggnymphadult
Nymph smaller version
of adult, not sexually
mature; occurs in
grasshoppers and
cockroaches
Mouthparts
Insect Legs
Wings
Sensory Organs
Sensory Organs
Excretion
Primary excretory
structures-Malphigian
tubules and the rectum
Malphigian tubules
remove nitrogenous
wastes from hemocoel
The rectum excretes
uric acid, which
reduces water loss but
uses most of the energy
the insect gets from
food.
Queen Bee – marked white
Worker Bee
Drone Bee
Waggle Dance
Waggle dance