Transcript Animalia Powerpoint

Kingdom Animalia
Kingdom Animalia
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Multi-celled
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Heterotrophic (Consumer)
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Has a Nucleus (Eukaryotic)
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It is the largest Kingdom so far. (See Link)
There are over 1.3 million species of Animals
How many of each type of Animal
42,300
Invertebrates
Vertebrates
990,000
Invertebrate Animals

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They do not have a backbone
Classification by structure can be done in
several ways.
◦ Body Plan (See next Slides)
◦ Presence or Absence of a Head, Most animals
have a head. But, some of the simpler animals
like sponges do not have a brain or a head.
◦ Food Digestion ( Almost all animals have a gut.
A gut is a pouch lined with cells that release
powerful enzymes.The enzymes break the
food down into very small particles that can be
absorbed by the body.
Invertebrate Body Plans
 Radial Symmetry, Animals with
radial symmetry have a body that is
organized around the center like spokes
on a bicycle wheel.
Invertebrate Body Plans
 Bilateral Symmetry, Animals
with this type of body plan could be split
into two resulting in identical halves.
Invertebrate Body Plans

Asymmetrical;
Animals with this
body plan cannot be
divided equally into
two halves or be the
same in any
direction.
Invertebrate Groups (Phyla)
Porifera, Cnidaria, Platyhelminthes,
Nematoda, Annelida, Mollusca,
Arthropoda ,Echinodermata
 Note: The animal phyla listed above are
listed in order of most simple to most
complex.
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1. Name Seeker _________________________3. Sample Organizer/Reader________________________
2. Structure Seeker _____________________ 4. Document Reader ______________________________
Animal
Kingdom Classification
Invertebrate
Phylum (9 Different)
1. ______________(sponges)
2. _________________ (jelly
fish)
3. __________________ (flat
worms)
4. _________________
(roundworms)
5. ___________ (earthworms,
leeches)
6. _____________ (snails,
octopi)
7. ___________________(star
fish, sand dollars)
8. ___________________
(insects, spiders, crayfish,
lobsters)
Structural Characteristics
Vertebrate
Phylum (Chordata)
1. Chordata
Chordata Classes
1. Mammalia
2. Aves (Birds)
3. Reptilia
4. Amphibia
5. Fish
Structural Characteristics
Invertebrate Animals
Phyla
1. Phylum Porifera
- Have pores in body walls
2. Phylum Cnidaria
- Have Stingers/Nervous System
3. Phylum Platyhelminthes
- Have flattened bodies
4. Phylum Nematoda
- Have simple brain/round body
5. Phylum Annelida
- Advanced Nervous/Body Seg.
6. Phylum Mollusca
- Have Soft Body/Shells on Some
7. Phylum Arthropoda
- Jointed Legs/Exoskeleton
8. Phylum Enchinodermata
- Have Spines/Simple Nervous
Vertebrate Animals
Classes
Class Mammals
- Have Fur
- Make Milk
- Have Lungs
Class Birds
- Have Beaks
- Have Wings and Feathers
- Have Hollow Bones
Class Fish
- Have Scales
- Have Gills
Class Reptiles
- Scales and Dry Skin
Class Amphibians
- Thin Skin for H20
- Smooth Skin
Phylum Porifera: Station 1
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This phylum includes the
sponges and are the simplest
of all animals.They have no
brain, nerves or gut. Most are
found in the ocean.
They have pores in their
body walls so that water can
enter and they can filter
feed.
Porifera Samples and Structural
Characteristics
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Kingdom: Animalia
◦ Phylum: Porifera (Pores in the body wall)
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Common Name = Sponges
Reproduction = Both Sexual and Asexual
Symmetry = Assymetrical
Classification Structures
1. Pores (meaning holes) in the body wall
2. Skeleton of spicules
3. No nervous system (meaning brain, nerves etc.)
4. Few organs and tissues and are multi-celled.
 Samples:
 1A Class Calcarera and Genus Hippospongia
 1B Class Calcarera and Genus Grantia
Phylum Cnidaria: Station 2
This phylum include
things like Jellyfish,
Hydra, and Sea
Anemones. They are
more complex than
sponges. They have a
gut, and a nervous
system
 They have tentacles
that sting
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Sea Anemone
Hydra
Jelly Fish
Cnidaria Samples and Classification
Structures
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Kingdom: Animalia
◦ Phlylum: Cnidaria
 Common Name = Jelly Fish, Sea Anemones, Sea Urchin, Comb
Jellies, Hydras, Corals etc.
 Reproduction = Both Sexual and Asexual
 Symmetry = Radial
 Classification Structures
1.
2.
3.
Net like nervous systems
Stinging tenacles and are multi-celled
They have a body cavity and a mouth but have few organs and
tissues.
 Samples: 2A = Comb Jelly, 2B = Sea Anemone, 2C Jellies
Phylum Platyhelminthes: Station 3
This includes flat worms. They have a head
and a gut and even eyes. Examples include
flukes and tapeworms.
 They have flattened bodies

Pork Tapeworm
Platyhelminthes Samples and
Classification Structures

Kingdom Animalia
◦ Phylum: Platyhelminthes
 Common Name = Flat Worms, Tapeworms, Fluke,
Planarian.
 Reproduction = Mostly Sexual (two parents)
 Symmetry = Bilaterally Symmetrical
 Classification Structures
1.
2.
Have a mouth but no tail end (blind gut)
No hollow area inside and the bodies are flat.
 Samples:
 3A = Class Cestoda (tapeworm)
 3B = Class Turbellaria (flatworm)
Phylum Nematodes: Station 4
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This group includes parasite type round worms.
They are very tiny and round. A single rotten
apple lying on the ground could contain as many
as 100,000 roundworms.They help break down
dead animals and plants to build soil.They have a
get and a very simple brain.They are parasites
(meaning live on and in other things) and can
infect humans. Some of the more popular forms
are pin worms and hook worms.
These are cylinder (round) shaped worms
Nematoda Samples and
Classification Structures
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Kingdom: Animalia
◦ Phylum: Nematoda
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Common Name = Round Worm.
Reproduction = Mostly Sexual (two parents)
Symmetry = Bilaterally Symmetrical
Classification Structures
1.
2.
3.
4.
Nematodes have round bodies.
They have no circulatory system
Have a simple nervous system
Have two layers of cells tissues and organs.
 Samples:
 4A = Genus Ascaris
 4B = Genus Lumbricus Species terrestris
Phylum Annelida: Station 5
These include segmented worms. They
have a more advanced nervous system and
gut than the more simple invertebrates
 Bodies are made of identical repeating
segments
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Annelida Samples and Classification
Structures.
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Kingdom: Animalia
◦ Phylum: Annelida (segmented worms)
 Common Name = Earth Worms, Delightful rain, and
dew.
 Reproduction = Mostly Sexual (two parents)
 Symmetry = Bilaterally Symmetrical
 Classification Structures
1.
2.
3.
4.
Has a true body cavity (coelom).
Has a mouth and a tail end.
Has a closed circulatory system (meaning blood contained in
vessels instead of out in the open)
Has a nervous system, and segmented bodies.
 Samples:
 No Sample (sorry)
Phylum Mollusca: Station 6
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This group includes snails, clams and squid,
oysters and more.They have the most advanced
nervous system of all invertebrates.You will get
to dissect a squid.
They have soft bodies and some are covered by a
shell.
Squid
Octopus
Molluska Samples and Classification
Structures
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Kingdom: Animalia
◦ Phylum: Mollusca
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Common Name = squid, octopi, snails, clams, slugs, oysters, etc. .
Reproduction = Mostly Sexual (two parents)
Symmetry = Bilaterally Symmetrical
Classification Structures
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Mollusks have many cell layers
They have tissues and organs,
They have no body cavity or hollow place
They have a nervous system, open circulatory system, and kidneys.
Some have gills for breathing in water.
Some have shells.
Some have a muscular foot for movement.
 Samples:
 6A = Genus Helix (land snail) There are two samples to see.
Phylum Arthropoda: Station 7
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This group includes spiders, ticks, insects, and
crustaceans and more.This group is the largest
group of animals on earth. In fact 75% of all
animals are arthropods.
This group may have many joints in their legs, a
segmented body, an exoskeleton and a very well
developed nervous system.
Stag
Beetle:
Class
Insecta
Phylum Arthropoda
King Crab: Class Crustacea
Stag Beetle: Class Insecta
Millipede:
Class
Millipede
Lynx Spider: Class
Arachnida
Centipede:
Class
Centipede
Arthopod Samples and
Classification Structures
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Kingdom: Animalia
◦ Phylum Arthropoda
 Common Name = insects (class insecta), spiders (class arachnid), crayfish and
lobster (class crustacea), rolly polly bugs, scorpians, trilobites (extinct)
millipedes and centipedes.
 Reproduction = Mostly Sexual (two parents)
 Symmetry = Bilaterally Symmetrical
 Classification Structures
1. Have many cell layers
2. Have tissues and organs.
3. Havemany cells, a body cavity, 3 to 400 + pairs of jointed legs, an exoskeleton,
4. Have 2 or 3 body sections,
 Samples:
 7A = Class Crustacea (crayfish)
 7B = Class Insecta (lubber grasshopper)
 7C = Class Merostomata (Horseshoe crab)
 7D = Class Trilobite. THIS ONE IS EXTINCT.
Phylum Echinodermata: Station 8
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This includes starfish, and sea urchins and others.
They have a simple nervous system similar to
the jelly fish.
They have spines on their surface.
Brittle Star
Sea Urchin
Echinodermata Samples and
Classification Structures
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Kingdom Animalia
◦ Phylum Echinodermata
 Common Name = starfish, sea urchin, britter star, sand dollar, sea cucumbers
and etc.
 Reproduction = Mostly Sexual (two parents)
 Symmetry = mostly radial sometimes bilateral.
 Classification Structures
1. Have spines on the surface and radial symmetry.
2. Have 5 rays or arms
3. Have many cells tissues and organs
4. Have a true body cavity
 Samples:
 8A = Class echnoidea (sea urchin).
 8B = Class asteroidea (starfish)
 8C = Class echnoidea (sand dollar)
Phylum Chordata (The Vertebrates)
These animals have a backbone and skull
 There are five main classes of the Phylum
Chordata: Fish, Amphibians, Reptiles,
Mammals and Birds.
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Vertebrate Classes
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Vertebrate Classes Link
Fish
Have gills for breathing in water
 Have scales
 Have fins for moving
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◦ There are about 28,100 species of fishes known, they are divided into 4
classes, 59 orders, 490 families and about 4,300 genus groups. The
classification system of fish is not unchanging and it will change when
we have more knowledge, perhaps from DNA analyses.
 Class Myxini (Hagfish are eel-shaped, slime-producing, marine fish occasionally
called slime eels)
 Class Cephalspidomorphi (Lampreys or Early Jawless Fish with an eel like body form)
 Class Chondrichthyes (Sharks and Rays or Cartilage Fish)
 Osteichthyes (Trout, Salmon and etc.)
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See Link
Amphibians
Most amphibians living today are frogs or salamanders.
 They are thin skinned and absorb water through the
skin.
 Live in water and on land.
 Frogs, Toads, Salamanders
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Orders of Amphibians
Gymnophiona Order
Anura Order
Anura Order
Caecilian
Frogs and Toads
Salamanders Newts
Reptiles
These are ancient. They are thick skinned and
cold blooded. This means that they can’t
maintain their own body temperature.
 The main types of reptiles are crocodiles,
alligators, lizards, and snakes.
 Dry skin and scales and breath air with lungs or
lung like structures.
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Birds
They have beaks instead of jaws and teeth.
 They also have wings and feathers that
adapt them for flight.
 Breath Air with Lungs or Lung Like
Structures
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Mammals
Have Fur or Hair
 Breath with Lungs
 Make Milk with Mammary Glands
 Give Live Birth and Have a Placenta
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