Transcript Distinguished Scientist of CSIR

“Affordable Health Sector Networking the Traditional Wisdom
with Modern Medicine for Sustainable Health – A New Paradigm
Shift for Changing Lifestyle Diseases”.
Dr. V. PRAKASH, Ph.D, FRSC, FIFT, FIAFoST, FIAS, FNAAS, FINAE
Distinguished Scientist of CSIR-INDIA and
Hon.Director of Research, Innovation and Development and Management at JSS-MVP, Mysore, India
Scientific Panel Chair, Nutritionals and Nutraceuticals Panel, FSSAI, Govt. of India
Vice President of International Union of Nutritional Sciences
PADMASHREE, BHATNAGAR AND RAJYOTHSAVA AWARDEE AND LIFETIME ACHIEVEMENT AWARDEE
Hon. President, International Society of Nutraceuticals and Nutritionals and Naturals (ISNNAN), India
Advisor, International Union of Food Science and Technology (IUFoST)
Executive Editor of Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, Wiley, UK
Chairman, Research Advisory Committee of Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Cochin, India
Chairman, Advisory Board of NuFFooDS Magazine, India
Chairman, Indian Region of European Hygienic Engineering and Design Group(EHEDG), Frankfurt, Germany
Executive Council Member, Global Harmonisation Initiative,, Vienna,Austria
Visiting Professor of IUFoST at Saigon Technology University, HCMC, Vietnam
Adjunct Professor of Nutrition, TUFTS University, Boston, MA, USA
Past President, International Academy of Food Science and Technology of IUFoST and Nutrition Society of India
Former Director, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysore, India
Former Coordinator, United Nations University at CFTRI, Mysore,India
IRAMOT-INDIA Workshop at Tehran, Iran
2
27th & 28th July 2015
COMPLEXITIES OF SCIENTIFIC DISCIPLINES INTERACTING AND
INTERFACING WITH MODERN MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES INVOLVING
MULTIDISCIPLINARY APPROACH FOR HEALTH & WELLNESS
BIOTECHNOLOGY
BIOINFORMATICS
GENOMICS:
DNA sequences &
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs)
TRANSCRIPTION :
Patterns of gene expression
Lifestyle
R
PROTEOMICS :
Structure and function of proteins
MOLECULAR
MEDICINE
Modern
Medicine +
Traditional
Wisdom
=
Sustainable
Health
METABOLIC OUTCOMES :
Metabolite profiles and functions
Reverse Pharmacology
PHARMACOGENOMICS
GENE FUNCTION &
PHENOTYPE
NUTRITIONAL
SCIENCES
Prakash / CSIR-India,2015
Integrated approach is the key to
success.
Traditional Knowledge
+
Modern Scientific Support
+
Rich Epidemiological data especially
in India and
West Asian Countries
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Glimpses of
Health care
in Iran
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The Medicines….
The Medicine market in Iran is heavily in
favour of Generic medicines, which
contributed US $1.23bn to the total in 2009,
with patented Medicines at US $ 817mn
and OTC medicines at US $ 262mn
(Ref:Greg Palast. Pharmaceuticals: Afgan Ufficiale:La NATO Airstrike Uccide14
OfficialWire. Retrieved 2012-02-05.)
Chronic Health Problems( Infants and children) in Iran
Condition
Prevalance %
Low birth weight
22
# Kwashiorkor/Marasmus
<1
# Bitot’s spots
0.8-1.0
Iron deficiency anaemia (6 -59
months)
70.0
# Underweight (weight for
age)* (<5 years)
42.6
# Stunting (height for age)* (<5
years)
48.0
# Wasting (weight for height)*
20.0
Childhood Overweight/ Obesity 6-30
Celiac Diseases
11%
Contd..
Contd..
Glimpses of
Health care
System in India
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Health care system in India
National Health Mission (former National Rural
Health Mission)
The National Rural Health Mission (NRHM) was launched
in April 2005 by the Government of India. The goal of the
NRHM was to provide effective healthcare to rural people
with a focus on 18 states which have poor public health
indicators and/or weak infrastructure. Lack of political,
economic and administrative decentralization of health
care is being chronically ignored by NH
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National Urban Health Mission
The National Urban Health Mission (NUHM)
as a sub-mission of National Health Mission
(NHM) has been approved by the Cabinet on 1
May 2013. The goal of NUHM is to meet
health care needs of the urban population
with the focus on urban poor, by making
available to them essential primary health
care services and reducing their out of pocket
expenses for treatment
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Health issues in India
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Malnutrition
Child undernutrition
Different forms of malnutrition
High infant mortality rate, Approximately 1.72 million
children die each year before turning one
Diseases
Poor sanitation
Safe drinking water
Female health issues
Rural health
Chronic diseases
Malaria, TB, other infectious diseases
Cancer
CVD
NCD’s
Obesity
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National Centre for Disease Control
The Ministry of Health and Family Welfare is an Indian
Government Ministry charged with Health policy in India
It is also responsible for all government programs.
[The
Ministry regularly publishes the Indian
Pharmacopeia since 1955 through Indian Pharmacopoeia
Commission (IPC) an autonomous body under the
ministry for setting of standards for drugs,
pharmaceuticals and healthcare devices and Medical
technologies in India
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Department of Health
Major National Health Programmes
• National AIDS Control Programme (AIDS) Department Of Aids Control
(National AIDS Control Organisation) (Details about Aids)
• National Cancer Control Programme (Cancer
• National Filaria Control Programme (Filariasis)
• National Iodine Deficiency Disorders Control Programme (Iodine deficiency)
• National Leprosy Eradication Programme (Leprosy)
• National Mental Health Programme (Mental Health)
• National Programme for Control of Blindness (Blindness)
• National Programme for Prevention and Control of Deafness (deafness)
• National Tobacco Control Programme (Tabacco Control)
• National Vector Borne Disease Control Programme (NVBDCP) (Vector borne
diseases)
• Pilot Programme on Prevention and Control of Diabetes, CVD and Stroke
(Diabetes, cardiovascular, stroke)
• Revised National TB Control Programme (Tuberculosis)
• Universal Immunization Programme
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Healthcare Industry in India
India emerging as research hub for diagnostics globally
A couple of examples of
Genetic disorders
prevalent in the Society
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1. CELIAC DISEASE
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Celiac Disease
Gluten is known to cause adverse health problems in
those who suffer from gluten sensitivity, primarily as a
result of Celiac disease . whether non-celiac sources of
gluten sensitivity exist remains controversial. In 2009
research showed between 0.5 and 1.0 percent of people
in the US and UK are sensitive to gluten due to celiac
disease, which constitutes an abnormal immune reaction
to partially digested gliadin It probably occurs with
comparable frequencies among all wheat-eating
populations in the world. Celiac disease has no cure but is
manageable with a gluten free diet. Wheat allergy and
celiac disease are different disorders.
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Celiac Disease World-Wide
• Iran - common finding among patients labeled
as irritable bowel syndrome (11%) in Iran
• India - common cause of chronic diarrhea both in
children and in adults
• Central America/Puerto Rico/South America under-diagnosed
WHEAT IS A STAPLE FOOD FOR NEARLY 50% OF INDIANS. HENCE IN
TRADITIONAL WHEAT EATERS, A CONSCIOUS EFFORT HAS TO BE MADE TO
REPLACE WHEAT ENTIRELY WITH OTHER NON-GLUTEN CEREALS. THIS IS A
CHALLENGING TASK.
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The Gut Lumen
• Villi- finger-like structures
that protrude from the wall
of the intestine
-Microvilli- hairlike structure on the surface of
absorptive and secretory epithelial cells
• Epithelial cells- layer of cells which line the GI
tract
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Treatment
• Only treatment for celiac
disease is a gluten-free
diet (GFD)
– Strict, lifelong diet
– Avoid:
• Wheat
• Rye
• Barley
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Diet can include
•All cereals and millets other than wheat,
barley and rye such as rice, sorghum, ragi,
bajra, small millets, etc.
•All pulses and dhals
•All vegetables
•All fruits
•Milk and milk products
•Eggs and cheese
•Dry fruits and nuts
•Meal and fish.
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2. Inborn Errors of
Metabolism (IEM)
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The New approach that the Consumer is
taking is to Choose Healthy foods and
manage food costs and prevent Medical
expenses need to be kept in mind.
Drugs are expensive! But not possible to
avoid.
India may have cheaper drugs compared
to global prices but not cheap enough for
the unaffordable even generics especially
for the Inborn Errors of Metabolism (IEM)
Children
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“Proactive effort to optimally
manage Inborn Errors of
Metabolism is critical for India and
must be top priority for all of us in
our Professional career and have a
proactive role in its Prevention,
Management and to alleviate
suffering and bring in awareness to
improve the Quality of life of each
Child and its Parents”-V Prakash
MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY OF
NUTRITIONAL DEFICIENCIES / GENETIC
SUSCEPTIBILITY TO DEGENERATIVE
DISEASES
• Early detection using molecular markers
• Identification of emerging genetic changes
during food scarcity and drought on the one
hand and plenty on the other hand.
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The connection of
Food to Health!
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Traditional Foods Treasure of
Informatics on Nutrients to
prevent diseases and Sustain
Recoveries.
One of the key points in Traditional
Foods and Ethnic Foods in India is
derived from Ayurveda which uses
Herbs,Vegetables and Fruits
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Food and Nutrition
in
Urban World
A Challenging task
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Some of the list of Traditional Foods in Iran
• Akbar Jujeh (Joojeh Talayichicken with poemgranate sauce)
• Qezel Ala ba berenj
• Alu Mosema
• Morghe alu pahlu
• Anar Bij
• Kak (kind of bread)
• Jaghur Baghur
• Ash-e Fatima Zahra
• Ash-e Shalqam
• Ash-e-Shir
• Ash-eTorsh
• Ash-e Shole Qalamkar
• Badenjan Torshi (pickled
eggplants)
• Baqala bij
• Bagala Qatoq
• Chogortmeh
• Dalar (a Meze)
• Felfel Torshi (pickled piments)
• Firmi
• Fesenjan
• Haftabijar
• Halvaye Raqayeb
• Kabab Torsh
• Kateh
• Khali Ash
• Shekam Por Mazandaran
• Mashli Ash
• Sham Goosht
• Khalou Abeh
• Kolucheh Fuman
• Kolucheh Lahijan
• Kuku Eshpel (Kuku made of
Roe)
• Kuku gerdu (Walnut kuku)
• Kuku bademjan
• Qatnarme / Qatname (kind
of bread)
• Pambli Chorag (kind of
bread)
• Longi
• Mahi Dudi
• Mahi Fibji
• Boorani
• Burag
• Potpoto
• Mast o Khiar (a Meze)
• Mirza Ghasemi
• Morabaye Badran
• Morabaye Bahar Narenj
(orange blossom jam)
• Morabaye Gol Mohammadi
• Morabaye Kadu
• Morabaye Shaqayeq
• Morabaye Velesh
• Morabaya Zoqal Akhteh
• Morq-e Torsh
• Khorak-e-Jegar
• Naz Khatun
• Shekam Por
• Suluf Khorosh
• Piyaz Torshi (Pickled
onions)
• Reshteh Khoshkar
• Robb e Narenj
• Robb e Anar (Pomegranate
molasses)
• Robb e Sir Torsh
• Shah Kuku
• Shami-e Rashti (
Rashti Shami Kebab)
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iranian_cuisine
Instant and Convenience
Foods – The pathway for
easy eating with
minimal labour !
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TRADITIONAL FOODS,
NUTRITION &
NUTRACEUTICALS (FRUITS
& VEGETABLES AS SOURCE)
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High-fiber diets are
linked to
lower body weight,
but not all fibers are
equally effective at
Legumes, such as kidney beans and
peas, are a good source of dietary
fiber, but are consumed infrequently.
enhancing satiety and
decreasing food intake.
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Dietary Fat
Contrary to popular opinion, the link between dietary fat
and human diseases is not conclusive, which could mean
new opportunities for food formulators, especially in the
area of low-carbohydrate products.
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Diabetes, heart disease and other
non communicable diseases are
rapidly emerging as the
major causes of death in most of the
Obesing Economies !
Do we have a quick remedy for this?
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TRANSLATIONAL NUTRITION
Nutritional Solutions for
health and wellness through
Fruits & Vegetables
Gaps in Public knowledge to
be filled up with the Science
of Nutritional Knowledge
Nutrition knowledge comes from a variety of scientific disciplines. The art
of good translation is in integrating this knowledge, making it accessible
to society, and identifying information already available and practiced,
which would benefit the society through Fruits & Vegetables.
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Immunity, Preventive aspects
of diseases,
weight management,
heart health, bone health and
Mental Health through Food
based approach
Are Nutraceuticals the answer ??
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Nutraceuticals
and
Functional Foods
Traditional & Ethnic foods of India
The Challenge is, compatibility of Food
This is the not the case with Fruits & Vegetables as
most of them are compatible!
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The disparity in the world with respect
to expenditure on Nutrition is so huge
let alone Nutraceuticals and buying
capacity!
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Food Regulations
and
Harmonizations are becoming as
stringent
as Drug regulations!
Lest a New range of unsafe Foods as
drugs will be in offing in the Market.
The over claim syndrome!
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Integration of Unani and
other Traditional system of
Knowledge & Nutrients for
Immune response, and
corrective Metabolism in
Health and Disease is the
Research Dialogue today
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FOOD , DIET, HEALTH & INFORMATICS
AND
NUTRITION
ARE
INSEPARABLE ESPECIALLY
WHEN
CHILDREN ARE CONCERNED
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“How Nutritious
is also defined by
How Convenient
&
How Affordable ?
&
How Much of Bioactives and Nutrients and
of course How Safe ?” is the question
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Awareness of Dietary Guidelines
may promote Healthy Lifestyle
both in Rural and Urban areas.
Information Reachout has to be
Revolutionary at the Rural, and
Semi Urban and Urban Areas
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Evidence based Traditional Medicine
• Needs a entirely different approach
• Holistic nature need to be preserved
• Absence of evidence need not be evidence
of absence of the disease
• Traditions need to be respected and studied
• Ministry of Health, Malaysia needs kudos for
a systematic, scientific and people friendly
approach of Traditional Medicine
(Ref: Dr Ashok Vaidya)
REVERSE NUTRACEUTICS PATH
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Nutra-epidemiology: Regional & Global samples
Experiential documentation in subjects
Exploratory in vitro/ in vivo studies : safety/activity
Phytochemistry and Nutritional Biochemistry
Bioactive molecules and Specialty foods
How we are handling the first 1000 days of
Nutrition with the Maternal healthcare?
The Life cycle approach of Nutrition especially of girls
is very critical for a healthy Mother and Child
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THE WORLD OF
HERBANUTRACEUTICALSTODAY!
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Immunity, Preventive aspects
of diseases,
weight management,
heart health, bone health and
Mental Health through
Functional and Specialty
Foods
Are Nutraceuticals the answer ??
Prakash / CSIR-India,2015
Several terms used in commerce for Health Foods
Nutraceutical Supplements
1
Functional Foods
Medical Foods
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2
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9
Foods for Special Dietary Uses
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11
10
Less Fat, Less Cals and Less
Carb Foods
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GENOTYPE
genetic aberration
aberration
Single gene
polymorphisms
Functional
foods
Multi-gene
Polymorphic interactions
PHENOTYPE
Specialty
Diet
“Nurture your Gene Naturally and Help it Function Better with Nutraceuticals and
Ayurnutraceuticals”
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Moving Forward with
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Nutrigenomics is … a conceptual
approach to scientific research
that analyzes genetic makeup and
nutrient intakes….and how it manifests
into changes?
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• Personalized diet is already emerging based
on an individual’s Genetic code.
• This diet can then lessen the risk of certain
diseases which that individual may be
susceptible including Celiac Disease and
other related diseases.
• Studies focusing on the health benefits of
ingredients may help pave the way for this
new approach of Nutrigenomics for relief
from IEM.
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Thank You
[email protected]
“If the agenda of Health matters to us, we
shall matter More to it”-V Prakash