Transcript internal text features

Writing the Textbook External
Feature Analysis Paper
Reading 091
Today’s Agenda
TODAY:
 Grading your annotations using the
Textbook Project Rubric
 Improving Cornell Notes using internal text
features and graphic organizers
 Writing/drafting the paper in your notebook.
HOMEWORK:
 Textbook Analysis Project and Paper – 100
points
READING RUBRICS:
What is your instructor looking for?
Review the grade rubric on the second
page of the assignment handout.
 With a partner, discuss what you think
would qualify as earning a 5,4,3,2 for each
category.
 Review your annotations. Based on the
discussion in class, what do point value do
you think you would earn?

What are some graphic organizers
you can use to improve your notes?
Definition with Examples
The planning fallacy refers to the fact that people consistently
overestimate how quickly and easily they will achieve a goal and
underestimate the amount of time or effort that will be required to
reach that goal. In a study that examined the planning fallacy,
college students were asked to list an academic project that had to
be completed within the next week and to estimate when they
intended to begin the project, when they expected to complete the
project, and how many hours they expected to put into it. A week
later, the students were asked if they had completed the project and
when. Although all the students had estimated that they would
complete the project comfortably in the time indicated, one week
later more than half the projects remained incomplete. Those that
had been completed had typically taken, on average, nearly five
days longer than had been estimated. So much for planning!
What internal text features help you to know what term the
author is defining to the reader?
What examples or illustration does the author use as support?
Definition with Examples
The planning fallacy refers to the fact that people consistently
overestimate how quickly and easily they will achieve a goal and
underestimate the amount of time or effort that will be required to
reach that goal. In a study that examined the planning fallacy,
college students were asked to list an academic project that had to
be completed within the next week and to estimate when they
intended to begin the project, when they expected to complete the
project, and how many hours they expected to put into it. A week
later, the students were asked if they had completed the project and
when. Although all the students had estimated that they would
complete the project comfortably in the time indicated, one week
later more than half the projects remained incomplete. Those that
had been completed had typically taken, on average, nearly five
days longer than had been estimated. So much for planning!
What internal text features help you to know what term the
author is defining to the reader?
What examples or illustration does the author use as support?
Definition and
Examples
Planning
fallacy
People think they will
accomplish a task faster than
the time it takes to do so
EX: students think an
assignment will take a short
period of time and when they
start on it they learn it takes
much longer
Time Order
Hypothermia can kill at an amazing pace when cold temperatures
and strong winds cause the body to lose heat quickly. Shivering starts first
in order to produce body heat from the rapid muscular shaking. When the
body's temperature drops to or below 35 deg C/95 deg F, dizziness and
disorientation kick in, then the shivering stops. The body now only
maintains heat around the vital organs - brain, heart and lungs, and shuts
down blood circulation to the arms and legs. Heart rate becomes slow,
intermittent and weak, and the blood vessels widen. This makes a person
feel hot and want to remove all their clothes before they finally slip into
unconsciousness. Ultimately, the heart stops. Stories are told of climbers
being found naked and dead up on a mountain, with their clothes folded
neatly a short distance away. This is because the person becomes confused
and hot. Their brain tries to bring order to the scary and unfamiliar
situation, although this can be potentially lethal.
What internal text features show the reader the author is placing
events in time order?
Time Order
Hypothermia can kill at an amazing pace when cold temperatures
and strong winds cause the body to lose heat quickly. Shivering starts first
in order to produce body heat from the rapid muscular shaking. When the
body's temperature drops to or below 35 deg C/95 deg F, dizziness and
disorientation kick in, then the shivering stops. The body now only
maintains heat around the vital organs - brain, heart and lungs, and shuts
down blood circulation to the arms and legs. Heart rate becomes slow,
intermittent and weak, and the blood vessels widen. This makes a person
feel hot and want to remove all their clothes before they finally slip into
unconsciousness. Ultimately, the heart stops. Stories are told of climbers
being found naked and dead up on a mountain, with their clothes folded
neatly a short distance away. This is because the person becomes confused
and hot. Their brain tries to bring order to the scary and unfamiliar
situation, although this can be potentially lethal.
What internal text features show the reader the author is placing
events in time order?
Time Order Process of
Cold temps and strong wind
accelerate death by hypothermia
hypothermia
1.
Shivering (to warm muscles)
2. Dizziness and disorientation
(blood used for vital organs in
core)
3. Person feels hot (heart rate slow,
blood vessels widen)
4. Unconscious
5. Heart stops
Compare and Contrast
Personal or interpersonal channels of
communication can occur in social settings when
friends or acquaintances share information. Such
word-of-mouth communication is a very powerful
sources of information for consumers. Word-of-mouth
communication is usually not under the control of the
marketer. Commercial sources of interpersonal
communication usually come in the form of personal
selling efforts. Nonpersonal channels of
communication, as defined earlier, do not involve direct
communication between sender and receiver. Instead,
information is shared through mass communication.
Advertising, sales promotion, and publicity use
nonpersonal techniques. Both interpersonal and mass
communication are important in marketing.
What internal text features help the reader identify the
author is comparing and/or contrasting two ideas?
Compare and Contrast
Personal or interpersonal channels of
communication can occur in social settings when
friends or acquaintances share information. Such
word-of-mouth communication is a very powerful
sources of information for consumers. Word-of-mouth
communication is usually not under the control of the
marketer. Commercial sources of interpersonal
communication usually come in the form of personal
selling efforts. Nonpersonal channels of
communication, as defined earlier, do not involve direct
communication between sender and receiver. Instead,
information is shared through mass communication.
Advertising, sales promotion, and publicity use
nonpersonal techniques. Both interpersonal and mass
communication are important in marketing.
What internal text features help the reader identify the
author is comparing and/or contrasting two ideas?
Compare/
Contrast
Personal and
Nonpersonal
Communication
Important in marketing
Types of communication
TYPE
personal
(nterpersonal)
nonpersonal
Definition
Friends share info. No direct comm.
directly or
between
socially
send/rec.
Marketer control
Very little
Great control
examples
Word of mouth;
social media
Ads, sales promos,
mass production,
publicity
CAUSE & EFFECT
Smoking is the single most preventable risk factor
for fatal illnesses in the United States. Indeed, cigarette
smoking leads to more deaths than all other drugs, car
accidents, suicides, homicides, and fires combined.
Further, nonsmokers who inhale smoke from other
people’s cigarettes face an elevated face risk for lung
cancer and other illnesses related to the lungs, a fact
that has given rise to a nonsmoker’s rights movement in
the United States.
Bernstein, et al., (1999) Psychology, p473
What internal text features show the reader that the author is using
cause and effect?
CAUSE & EFFECT
Smoking is the single most preventable risk factor
for fatal illnesses in the United States. Indeed, cigarette
smoking leads to more deaths than all other drugs, car
accidents, suicides, homicides, and fires combined.
Further, nonsmokers who inhale smoke from other
people’s cigarettes face an elevated face risk for lung
cancer and other illnesses related to the lungs, a fact
that has given rise to a nonsmoker’s rights movement in
the United States.
Bernstein, et al., (1999) Psychology, p473
What internal text features show the reader that the author is using
cause and effect?
Cause and
Effect
Effects of
smoking
Deaths- more than car
accidents, suicides,
homicides and fires
COMBINED!
Nonsmokers develop
lung cancer and other
illnesses
Nonsmoker’s rights
movement
(no smoking in
planes, bars, jobs)
What are some graphic organizers
you can use to improve your notes?
WRITING the ANALYSIS
The next slides will provide you with
prompts to begin the writing portion of
the assignment. The prompts are only
guides and you should be thoughtful when
using them. Modify them to meet your
needs.
 If you need help writing, see a FREE and
FABULOUS tutor in the Writing Center.

Writing the RATIONALE: What is your reason for
sharing what you know about textbook reading?
If you are enrolled in CPD 150 next semester,
you most likely will purchase the textbook called
Awesome CP Textbook, 3rd edition, published by
Make your
Pearson.
Before
the
course
begins,
I
highly
recommendation
recommend that you review the textbook closely
and offer
RATIONALE. to learn how the textbook is structured to help
That is, say WHY you learn the material and meet with success in the
it matters!
course.You might find as I have . . . Also, we know
that research shows that . . . I want to share what I
have learned about external textbook features and
give you some specific tips on how to use these
Clearly state
textbook structures in ways that will make you
purpose to
focus your
more successful in CPD 150.
Set CONTEXT
for your paper
reader.
Write the first body paragraph, the
3 BEST EXTERNAL TEXT FEATURES :
Main idea for the section and paragraph
Narrow focus
to front
matter
for this
paragraph.
Explain what
each text
feature is/does,
Then follow
each
with a
SPECIFIC
EXAMPLE
from your book.
External features in textbooks can help you learn
the material. The most important external text
features used in this book are: blank1, blank2, and
blank3. Blank1 tells the reader . . . This is helpful
because . . . . . Blank 2 explains/shows/illustrates . . . .
If you use blank 2 wisely, you will know . . . For
example, ….. Blank 3 is/provides/shows . . . Let’s say
you wanted to know/find/learn xyz. Blank 3 would
help you . . . These are just a few of the strongest
external text features that can help you learn . . . .
End with a sentence that signals to the reader you are done with the 3 best external features.
Write the first body paragraph, the
3 MISSING EXTERNAL TEXT FEATURES :
Main idea for the section and paragraph
External features in textbooks can help you learn
the material. The most important external text
features that are not used in this book are: blank1,
blank2, and blank3. Blank1 tells the reader . . . This is
helpful because . . . . . Blank 2
Explain what
explains/shows/illustrates . . . . If you use blank 2
each text
feature is/does, wisely, you will know . . . For example, ….. Blank 3
Then follow
is/provides/shows . . . Let’s say you wanted to
each
with a
know/find/learn xyz. Blank 3 would help you . . .
SPECIFIC
These are just a few of the missing external text
EXAMPLE
from your book. features that would improve a reader’s. . . .
Narrow focus
to front
matter
for this
paragraph.
End with a sentence that signals to the reader you are done with the 3 best external features.
Write the first INTERNAL TEXT
FEATURE paragraph:
Main idea for the section and paragraph
Internal textbook features can help
you
learn
the
material
once
you
start
Narrow focus
to front matter reading. The internal text features most
for this paragraph.
often used in this textbook are: blank1,
blank2, and blank3. Blank1 tells the reader. .
Explain what
each text
feature is/does, . The author used Blank 1 in …... ( tell where
Then follow each
the internal text feature was found – in the
with a
SPECIFIC EXAMPLE
from your book. heading, in the paragraph, both?) This is
helpful because . . . . . For example, …..
End with a sentence that signals to the reader you are done with the first internal text feature.
Repeat this for TWO more internal text features, giving each its own paragraph.
Write the CONCLUSION paragraph:
Main idea for the section and paragraph
Briefly note
the strengths
and
weaknesses of
the textbook.
Explain reading
strategies that
can be used to
improve
understanding
of the
information.
In summation, reading a college
textbook can be easy if you know…. In
particular, this textbook facilitates a reader’s
comprehension by….However, the text
could be improved by including…Luckily, if
you know reading strategies such as…these
strategies will help improve your
effectiveness and efficiency as a reader of
any college textbook.
End with a sentence that signals to the reader you are done with the analysis.