Transcript Unit 4 Communication PowerPoint

COMMUNICATION
A two-way process involving a SENDER, a
RECEIVER, and a MESSAGE. Communication
occurs when the sender and receiver understand
the message in the same way.
Bug Drawing discussion questions
1. Why don’t all the bugs look alike?
2. What did you think of first when you were told to draw a bug?
3. What could have been done differently so that your drawings and mine could have
looked more alike?
4. What would have been the advantages of allowing questions to be asked?
5. How many of you wanted questions to be asked?
Intro to Communication
 Why is communication important?
 When and why is it necessary to have good communication?
 Do we all communicate differently?
 Men vs. Women
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ErPhm6kuXcc
Verbal vs. nonverbal communication
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Verbal
 Spoken words
 May take place face-to-face or through some media such as the telephone or internet
Non-verbal
 Nonverbal communication is made up of tone of voice, body language, gestures, eye contact, facial expression
and proximity.
 These elements give deeper meaning and intention to your words.
 Tone includes the pitch, volume and inflection of your voice.
 Posture is an important part of body language; sitting up straight conveys confidence while slouching conveys
apathy.
 Eye contact suggests interest.
 Gestures are often used to emphasize a point.
 Facial expressions convey emotion.
 Proximity can demonstrate aggression when the speaker is too close, or fear when the speaker draws back.
Activity: Emotional Charades
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QaXuSSfCkgQ
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0cZCNj175zA
KEYS TO GOOD COMMUNICATION
 Stay focused on the sender
 Focus on the message being sent
 Focus not only on the words, but also the body language
and the meaning of the words
 Tone and Delivery
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9GQBABkFI34
 It’s not what you said, it’s the way you said it
 “Put yourself in the senders shoes”-see the message from
their point of view
COMMUNICATION MODEL
Problems in Communication
 Difficult Subjects
 Handling sensitive subjects (death, divorce, sexuality)
 Silence
 May convey disinterest, boredom, hostility, or even depression
 Interference
 Distracting noises (television, loud music) can interfere with communication
 Mixed Messages
 Non-verbal and verbal cues not matching
 Thinking you Already Know
 Making assumptions about how someone feels
 Different Definition
 People may have different backgrounds, outlooks on life, or definition of
terms
Importance of Feedback
 Feedback is a response that shows whether a message was
understood
 May prevent problematic communication which could lead to
conflict
 Bridges the gap between speaking and listening
 Group Activity: Bull’s Eye
 5 volunteers
 Focuses on being specific with feedback when
communicating with others
Bull’s Eye Reflection Questions
 What can this activity tell us about communication?
 How specific were the instructions the helper gave?
 What would have happened if the helper just said, “Nice job,
but try a little harder?”
 Why is communication important when working in a group?
so
Rate yourself as a listener (W.S.)
Partner Share:
1. What are your strengths as a listener?
2. Provide a specific example demonstrating this strength.
3. What areas need improvement?
4. How will the improvement of these areas assist you in the
overall goal of understanding?
5 POOR LISTENING HABITS
1.
2.
SPACING OUT – We
ignore who is talking to us
because our mind is
wandering off in another
galaxy
PRETEND LISTENING –
We are not paying attention
to the other person, but at
least we pretend we are by
making insightful
comments at key junctures,
such as “yeah” and “uh-huh”
3.
4.
5.
SELECTIVE LISTENING
–We pay attention only to
the part of the conversation
that interests us
WORD LISTENING – We
only listen to words being
said, not paying attention
to the body language, the
feelings or true meaning of
the words.
SELF-CENTERED
LISTENING –We see
everything from our own
point-of-view
Listening: Just as Important as
Speaking
 Passive Listening
 Goal of passive
listening is to merely
hear what is being
said.
 Active Listening
 Goal of active listening
is to understand what
is being said
Active Listening Skills
.
 Active Listening
 Listening & responding with full attention to what is
being said.
 Giving both verbal & nonverbal feedback to the speaker
CONFLICT & COMMUNICATION
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
j.
“On the Road”
Are both people in this story telling the truth as they saw it?
At what point did you start to reconsider how you felt about Michael?
Why can two people see the same event and feel different about it?
Can two people with different stories both be right?
What is the difference between “listening” to someone and
“understanding” what they are saying?
How do our past experiences influence how we feel about an event?
Why is it important to see things from the other person’s point of
view?
What does it mean to “walk a mile in someone else’s shoes”?
How can listening and understanding help us solve a conflict?
Why is it beneficial to consider a problem from the other person’s
point of view?
ON THE ROAD
CONFLICT
 Conflict – a disagreement/struggle between 2 or more
people.
 Types of Conflict
 Situational: Can occur in all kinds of relationships and any part
of daily life
 Personality: We are all different, and sometimes, personalities
clash
 Power: Desiring the need to be in control
Resolving Conflict
 Define the Problem
 Constructive conflict resolution begins when parties agree on what
they are arguing about
 Each side states what the problem is
 Set Limits
 Both parties agree on the points to be argued
 Other issues and personal attacks are off limits
 Try negotiating
 Suggest possible solutions and seek points of agreement
 Negotiation only works when people are willing to compromise
 Compromise=Give and take
 Achieve a “win-win” situation
 All parties feel as though they have gotten a fair deal
Resolving Conflict
 Consider a Mediator
 Sometimes outside help is needed to resolve a conflict
 Could be a friend, family member, or formally appointed
person such as a peer mediator
 Follow Up
 Solutions are put into action
 Negative feelings between parties are managed
 Holding a grudge or hurt feelings that fester may flare into
conflict again
Conflict
 Avoiding Conflict – a
conflict that never develops
is one that you don’t need
to worry about.
a. Don’t let others irritate
you
b. Focus on the positive
c. Change the subject
Take a personal stand
against serious, and
especially physical,
conflict
e. Don’t be intimidated or
provoked into fighting
f. Walk away
d.
Passive Communication
 Holding back your true feelings and going along with others
 Shows lack of respect for yourself
 “Doormat”
 Examples:
 Hoping the other person will guess your feelings
 Always listening, rarely talking
 Criticizing yourself, always apologizing
 Always giving in to the other person
Aggressive Communication
 Communicating opinions and feelings in a way that may seem
threatening or disrespectful to other people
 Shows lack of respect for others
 Examples:
 Using “you” messages to blame others
 Interrupting, being sarcastic
 Making fun of the other person’s feelings
 Always wanting your own way
Assertive Communication
 You are able to stand up for yourself while expressing your
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feelings in a way that does not threaten the other person
Takes tone into consideration
People who are assertive tend to have healthier relationships
than compared to passive or aggressive
Shows respect for yourself and others
Examples:
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Using “I” messages to explain your feelings
Actively listening
Trying to understand the other person’s feelings
Expressing appreciation, being respectful
I Messages