Transcript floyd3_ppt_ch01

[Whip around
• Where is your favorite place to eat (i.e. restaurant)?
• Be prepared to share aloud this story
1
1
Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All
rights reserved.
No reproduction or distribution without the prior
written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
[
Our Agenda
 Why We Communicate
 The Nature of Communication
 How We Communicate Interpersonally
 Building Your Communication
Competence
[
Why We Communicate
 Physical needs
© Minneapolis Star Tribune/ZUMA Press. Inc/Alamy
 Relational needs
 Identity needs
 Spiritual needs
 Instrumental needs
[Why We Communicate
 Physical Needs
 Presence or absence of communication affects physical
health
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

Wide range of health threats can result from lack of close
relationships
Positive relationships lead to better health
Personal communication is essential for our well-being
[Relational Needs
 Communication provides vital link with others
 Link between effective interpersonal communication
and happiness

Many not successful at managing relationships
 Positive relationships may be most important source of
satisfaction and well-being
Copyright © 2017 McGraw-Hill Education. All
rights reserved.
No reproduction or distribution without the prior
written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
[Why We Communicate
 Identity Needs
 Identity comes from way we interact with others
 Deprived of communication, we would have no sense of
self
 Gain idea of who we are from way others define us
[Spiritual Needs
 Communication lets us share our beliefs and values
with others.
 Principles valued in life
 Loyalty
 Equal treatment for all people
 Morals
 What’s right and wrong
 Beliefs about the meaning of life
 Faith (e.g. Christianity)
[Instrumental Needs
 Communication helps us accomplish personal and
professional tasks.
 Short-term:
 Order a drink
 Ask for directions
 Long-term:
 Getting a new job
 Earning a promotion
[
Assessing Communication
Needs
Apply three concepts we discussed today to the following clip from
Modern Family.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wfHTSFwz4No
[
The Nature of Communication
 Scholars have used three models to demonstrate
how the process of communication works:
 Action model
 Transaction model
© Westend61/Getty Images, RF
 Interaction model
[
The Nature of Communication
 The action model treats communication as
a one-way process
 A source formulates an idea
 The source encodes the idea in the form of a message
 The message is sent through a communication channel
 A receiver decodes the message
 Interpretation is affected by noise
[The Process of Communication
 A Linear View
 Communication is “done to” a receiver
Figure 1.1
[
The Nature of Communication
 The interaction model treats communication
as a two-way process
 It includes all elements of the action model,
but also suggests that:
 Receivers provide feedback through verbal and
nonverbal behavior
 The context of communication affects its meaning
[
The Nature of Communication
 The transaction model treats communication
as a multi-way process
 It includes all elements of the interaction model,
but also suggests that:
 Both parties in conversation are simultaneously
senders and receivers
 Communication flows in both directions at once
[The Process of Communication
 A Transactional View
 Communication as a uniquely human process
Figure 1.2
[The importance of listening
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aP55nA8fQ9I
1. What is active listening?
2. Did Ray engage in active listening?
3. What could have been done differently to improve the
communication in this scene?
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[
The Nature of Communication
 Communication has many characteristics
 Relies on multiple channels
 Passes through perceptual filters
 Given its meaning by people
 Has literal meanings and relational implications
 Sends messages, whether intentional or
unintentional
 Governed by rules
[
Case Study
 Kristie and Jacob have been dating one another exclusively for four months.
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2.
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5.
They both have part-time jobs and hope to complete their college studies
within two years. Jacob thinks they should move in together. Kristie is
reluctant to agree until she has more commitment from Jacob. Jacob doesn’t
want to make promises he can’t keep. Kristie thinks that if they just
communicate more they will be able to solve the problem, but Jacob thinks
that talking about it more won’t help.
What needs do Kristie and Jacob seem to have?
Identify one element of the communication model that might help explain
some of the communication problems they are having and help them
communicate more effectively.
What communication principles and/or misconceptions described in
Chapter 1 may be operating in this situation?
What likely role with mediated communication play in the scenario?
How would you advise Jacob and Kristie to proceed with their
communication practices?
[Nonverbal Group Project
 Get into groups of 4
 Swap contact information
[Next Time
 Finish chapter 1
 Chapter 1 quiz
[The Process of Communication
 Interpersonal and Impersonal Communication
 Quantitative Communication


Any interaction between two people, usually face to face
Can be considered routine or impersonal
 Qualitative Communication

Occurs when we treat others as unique individuals regardless
of context or the number of people involved
[The Process of Communication
 Interpersonal and Impersonal Communication
 Differences between interpersonal and less personal
communication
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Uniqueness
Irreplaceability
Interdependence
Disclosure
Intrinsic Rewards
[The Process of Communication
Interpersonal and Impersonal Communication
 Most relationships neither interpersonal or impersonal

Fall on continuum
 Buber
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I-It
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Relationships are stable, predictable, and detached
People do things for us
E.g. pump gas, laugh at our jokes, buy products, etc.
“Can you pick me up after work?”
“How can I get him/her to love me?”
I-Thou
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
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Encounter each person as an individual; not a group
Constantly changes
No persuasion or control in relationships
[
The Nature of Communication
 Myth: Everyone is a communication expert
 Myth: Communication will solve any problem
 Myth: Communication can break down
 Myth: Communication is inherently good
 Myth: More communication is always better
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Communicating Interpersonally
Interpersonal communication (IPC) is . . .
Communication that occurs between
two people within the context of
their relationship and that, as it
evolves, helps them negotiate and
define their relationship
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Communicating Interpersonally
 IPC is pervasive
© Flying Colours Ltd/Getty Images, RF
 IPC can improve
our
relationships
 IPC can improve
our health
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Building Your Communication Competence
 Competent communicators are effective and
appropriate
 Effectiveness describes how well your
communication achieves its goals
 Appropriateness describes how well your
communication complies with the rules and
expectations of the social situation
[
Building Your Communication Competence
 Competent communicators share many
characteristics and skills
 Self-monitoring
 Adaptability
 Empathy
 Cognitive complexity
 Ethics
[
Building Your Communication Competence
 Competent online communicators observe
these practices:
 Being aware of the potential for misunderstanding
 Presuming that everything is permanent and
nothing is secret
 Avoiding communicating in anger
[
What Makes an Effective
Communicator?
 Communication Competence
 There is no ideal way to communicate


A variety of communication styles can be effective
You can always learn new styles of communication
 Competence is situational
 Competence can be learned
[
What Makes an Effective
Communicator?
 Competent Communicator Characteristics
 A wide range of behaviors
 Ability to choose the most appropriate behavior
 Skill at performing behaviors
 Cognitive complexity
 Empathy
 Self-monitoring
 Commitment
[
What Makes an Effective
Communicator?
 Competence in Intercultural Communication
 Co-cultures
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Age
Occupation
Sexual orientation
Physical disability
Religion
 Know rules of specific culture
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Culture-general
What Makes an Effective
Communicator?
[
 Competence in Intercultural Communication
 Motivation
 Tolerance for ambiguity
 Open-mindedness
 Knowledge and Skill

Mindfulness
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

Passive observation
 Notice behaviors of members of a different culture and use insights
for later use
Active strategies
 Watch films, read articles, read books, etc.
Self-disclosure
 Share info about yourself to receive info from others
[Clueless
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Yf7MT1p1VNI
1. Identify words used by Cher and her friends that are
unique to their culture. Which words were not familiar
to you?
2. Why do teenagers create new words and/or give old
words new meanings?
3. Is it appropriate to use slang and jargon in public
speeches?
4. Discuss this scene in terms of interpersonal,
intercultural, and public speaking competence.
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[Think-Pair-Share
1. Think about whether you believe social media is good
or bad. Apply the concepts we just discussed regarding
social media.
2. Pair up with a partner.
3. Share your thoughts and ideas with your partner. Be
prepared to share aloud with the whole class.
[
Social Media and Interpersonal
Communication
 Social Media
 Describes all channels that make personal
communication possible

The difference between face-to-face and virtual relationships
is eroding
[
Social Media and Interpersonal
Communication
 Social Media
 Isn’t threat to relationships once feared
 Isn’t replacement for face-to-face interaction
 Can increase quantity and quality of interpersonal
communication

Asynchronous nature
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Social Media and Interpersonal
Communication
 Social Media
 Challenges
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Leaner Messages
 No nonverbal cues
Disinhibition
 Speaking or blurting out before thinking
 2 forms: identity management and highly expressive
 E.g. “This is a pic of me at a kegger.” or “what are you thinking?
You should just go and cut your wrists?”
Permanence
 Think twice before posting
 If mom can’t see it, it probably should not be posted!
[Fail!
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[Ellen and Social Media
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SCaKuAdKu
mA Facebook
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SMJMftb9KL
4 Auto Correct
 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PGxzJZctKU Instagram
 What can we take away from these funny but unfortunately true
experiences?
[Quiz 1
 Pull out your textbook, notes, and PowerPoints.
 Complete questions1-10.
 Turn into me when you are done.
Next Time:
 Chapter 2