Communication
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Transcript Communication
Communication
The Communication
Process
Good communication skills are
among the most important
ingredients contributing to the
performance enhancement and
personal growth of sport and
exercise participants.
Purposes of Communication
Persuasion
Evaluation
Information
Motivation
Problem Solving
Types of Communication
Interpersonal communication (at least two
persons in a meaningful exchange)
Nonverbal communication
Intrapersonal communication (self-talk–
the communication we have with
ourselves)
The Communication
Process
Sending Messages Effectively
Nonverbal message characteristics
physical appearance
posture
body position
gestures
touching
facial expression
voice characteristics
Sending Messages Effectively
The importance of nonverbal
messages:
Nonverbal messages are harder to
hide and consciously control, so
they are more accurate indicators of
how a person feels.
Sending Messages Effectively
1. Be direct.
2. Own your message.
3. Be complete and specific.
4. Be clear and consistent.
5. State your needs and feelings clearly.
6. Separate fact from opinion.
Sending Messages Effectively
7. Focus on one thing at a time.
8. Deliver messages immediately.
9. Avoid hidden agendas.
10. Be supportive.
11. Be consistent with your nonverbal
messages.
12. Reinforce with repetition.
Sending Messages Effectively
13. Make messages appropriate to the
receiver’s frame of reference.
14. Look for feedback that your message
was accurately interpreted.
Receiving Messages Effectively
Active Listening
Asking questions
Paraphrasing
Attending to main and supporting ideas
Acknowledging and responding
Giving appropriate feedback
Paying attention to the speaker’s total
communication (verbal and nonverbal)
Receiving Messages Effectively
Keys to active listening:
Paraphrase what the speaker said.
Don’t mistake listening for
understanding.
Understanding = agreement?
Mentally prepare to listen.
Breakdowns in Communication
I KNOW YOU BELIEVE THAT YOU UNDERSTAND
WHAT YOU THINK I SAIDBUT I'M NOT SURE YOU REALIZE THAT WHAT YOU
HEARD IS NOT WHAT I MEANT.
Sender Failures:
Poorly transmitted messages
ambiguous, inconsistent
Receiver Failures:
Failure to listen carefully (misinterpretation)
The Sandwich Approach to Constructive
Criticism
A positive statement.
Future-oriented instruction.
A compliment.
Example of the Sandwich Approach
Positive statement:
“Sally, you are really working hard out there.”
Future-oriented statement:
“Next time try to slow down and not get ahead
of the music.”
Compliment:
“You’re getting there; keep up the good work!”
Confrontation
A face to face discussion among
people in conflict. While confrontation
is often seen as negative, when
properly used, it is a part of effective
communication.
DO’s and DON’T’s of Confronting
DO convey that you value your
relationship with the person
DO go slowly and think about what you
want to communicate.
DO try to understand the other person’s
position.
DO listen carefully to what the other
person is trying to communicate.