Transcript Looking at Type

The Myers-Briggs
Type Indicator  instrument
reports some of your key . . .
Preferences
Tendencies
Characteristics
But not all of them
EXTRAVERSION
and INTROVERSION
are complementary attitudes toward the world
E
An Extravert’s
essential
stimulation is from
the environment The outer world of
people and things.
I
An Introvert’s
essential
stimulation is from
within - The inner
world of thoughts
and reflections.
Both attitudes are used by everyone.
But one is usually preferred and better developed.
Some key words . . .
E
I
EXTRAVERSION
INTROVERSION
active
outward
sociable
open
many
expressive
breadth
reflective
inward
reserved
private
few
quiet
depth
These characteristics often develop from E and I preferences.
Some of them may be true for you.
Extraverts
use both Extraversion and Introversion,
but prefer Extraversion
Introverts
use both Extraversion and Introversion,
but prefer Introversion
How clear
is your preference?
E
CLEAR
I
MODERATE
SLIGHT
SLIGHT
MODERATE
CLEAR
SENSING and INTUITION
are ways of taking in information
S
The Sensing function
takes in information by
way of the five senses
- sight, sound, touch,
taste, and smell.
N
The Intuiting function
processes information
by way of a “sixth
sense” or insight.
Both attitudes are used by everyone.
But one is usually preferred and better developed.
Some key words . . .
S
N
SENSING
INTUITION
details
present
practical
facts
sequential
directions
repetition
enjoyment
perspiration
conserve
literal
patterns
future
imaginative
innovations
random
hunches
variety
anticipation
inspiration
change
figurative
These characteristics often develop from S and N preferences.
Some of them may be true for you.
Sensing
types use both Sensing and Intuition,
but prefer Sensing
Intuitive
types use both Sensing and Intuition,
but prefer Intuition
How clear
is your preference?
S
CLEAR
N
MODERATE
SLIGHT
SLIGHT
MODERATE
CLEAR
THINKING and FEELING
are ways of making decisions
T
Thinking is the
mental process
that decides on
the basis of
logical analysis.
F
Feeling is the
mental process
that decides on
the basis of
evaluating
relative worth.
Both ways of deciding and evaluating are used by everyone,
but one is usually preferred and better developed.
Some key words . . .
T
F
THINKING
FEELING
head
objective
justice
cool
impersonal
critique
analyze
precise
principles
heart
subjective
harmony
caring
personal
appreciate
empathize
persuasive
values
These characteristics often develop from T and F preferences.
Some of them may be true for you.
Thinking
types use both Thinking and Feeling,
but prefer Thinking
Feeling
types use both Thinking and Feeling,
but prefer Feeling
How clear
is your preference?
T
CLEAR
F
MODERATE
SLIGHT
SLIGHT
MODERATE
CLEAR
JUDGMENT and PERCEPTION
are complementary lifestyles
J
P
A Judging
lifestyle is
decisive,
planned, and
orderly.
A Perceiving
lifestyle is
flexible,
adaptable,
and
spontaneous.
Both attitudes are part of everyone’s lifestyle, but
one is usually preferred and better developed.
Some key words . . .
J
P
JUDGMENT
PERCEPTION
organized
structure
control
decisive
deliberate
closure
plan
deadline
productive
flexible
flow
experience
curious
spontaneous
openness
wait
discoveries
receptive
These characteristics often develop from J and P preferences.
Some of them may be true for you.
Judging
types use both Judging and Perceiving,
but prefer Judging
Perceiving
types use both Judging and Perceiving,
but prefer Perceiving
How clear
is your preference?
J
CLEAR
P
MODERATE
SLIGHT
SLIGHT
MODERATE
CLEAR
When combined, your four preferences . . .
1
Extraversion or Introversion
2
Sensing or Intuition
3
Thinking or Feeling
4
Judgment or Perception
indicate your preference type!
The Sixteen Types
ISTJ
ISFJ
INFJ
INTJ
ISTP
ISFP
INFP
INTP
ESTP
ESFP
ENFP ENTP
ESTJ
ESFJ
ENFJ
ENTJ
Each of these sixteen types is gifted and valuable!
The MBTI® instrument does not assess . . .
Aptitude
Psychological illness
Emotions
Trauma
Stress
“Normalcy”
Maturity
Physical illness
Skill
Intelligence
Learning
Why do we need to
understand type?
• Understand and appreciate ourselves.
• Understand and appreciate others.
Type in relationships
• Differences can be source of growth or conflict.
• In conflicts, usually from issues that arise from type
differences.
• Helps us communicate with the other person. “Talk
in the person’s ‘type.’”
Learning: What works
• Type may indicate how you learn differently.
– Extraversion: Discussion or working with groups.
– Introversion: Reading and working individually.
– Sensing: Tasks that require observing for specifics or
memory for facts.
– Intuition: Tasks that call for imagination or attention to
general concepts.
Learning: What works
• Type may indicate how you learn differently.
– Thinking: Learn better when the teacher logically
organizes material.
– Feeling: Learn better when they feel they have a
personal rapport with the teacher.
– Judging: Study and learn in a more steady and orderly
way with a drive to closure.
– Perceiving: Study and learn in a more flexible and
informal way with an orientation to discovery.
Type in careers
• People are attracted to careers that allow them to make
use of their natural type preferences.
– Extraversion -- more interaction with others; introversion -limited interaction.
– Organization (judging) or flexibility (perceiving).
• Two middle letters are of particular importance in
career choice (ST, SF, NF or NT).
Type in careers
• ST: Objective and analytical. Realities and practical
applications.
– Careers that require technical approach.
– Business, management, banking, applied sciences,
construction, military.
• SF: Warm and people-oriented. Realities and
hands-on careers.
– Careers with human services.
– Clergy, teaching, health care, child care, sales, personal
services.
Type in careers
• NF: Warm and enthusiastic. Ideas and possibilities
(for people).
– Careers with communication skills, understanding of others.
– Arts, psychology, teaching, health care.
• NT: Logical and objective. Ingenuity to focus on
possibilities with a technical application.
– Careers that require impersonal and analytic approach to
ideas.
– Sciences, law, computers, engineering.
Type in communication
• Helps us get out “noise” in
communications, overcome barriers.
• Become aware of our own natural style and
“language” and alert us of what to expect of others.
Type in communication
• Extraversion: Dynamic, animated
communicators. Communicate directly with others.
• Introversion: Reflective, low-key, less
demonstrative. Provide less information (process
internally). Comfortable communicating via e-mail,
memo and indirectly.
Type in communication
• Sensing: Talk about specific information
derived from experience. Draw on usefulness.
Unambiguous; provide exact accounts and actual
examples.
• Intuition: Talk about theoretical and conceptual
information. Future potential. Jump around and
include unrelated points in communication. Provide
general accounts.
Type in communication
• Thinking: Focus on purpose and want to
get down to business. Give pros and cons. Make
suggestions for improvement.
• Feeling: Focus on relationships and take time to
attend to it. Appreciate contributions from all. Seek
agreement.
Type in communication
• Judging: Reach closure. Readily come to
the point and present opinions that make it seem
as though things are already settled for them.
• Perceiving: Gather information and look at
options. Explore viewpoints and alternatives before
coming to the point. Want flexibility and openendedness.
Leadership
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Typical communication patterns
Motivation
Behaviors
Blind spots
Barriers to effectiveness
Stress-related behaviors
Learning strategies
Approaches to change
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
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Extraverts: Action-oriented
Introverts: Oriented to reflect
Sensing: Look to past and present
Intuition: Look to the future
Thinking: Objective, principles
Feeling: Subjective, personal values
Judging: View change as something to be managed
Perceiving: Keep options open; delay closure
Responding to conflict
• Approach a conflict
• E: talk about it as soon as it happens.
• I: take time, pull back, reflect
• Facts and what they mean
• S: focus on detail, specifics
• N: generalize or interpret events, need
significance of what has happened
Responding to conflict
• Solutions
• T: logical conclusion, makes “sense”
• F: how it affects people, “feels right”
• How quickly agreement is reached
• J: may already have a solution in mind
• P: able to see different viewpoints
Forming teams
• Forming: coming together.
• Storming: coming to grips with conflict.
• Norming: figuring out what we expect of each
other.
• Performing: doing the task.
Forming
• Types that are people- and process-oriented
(ESFP and ENFP) find this stage interesting.
• Task-oriented types (ISTJ and ENTJ) may be
frustrated and want to get down to business.
Storming
• Have to work through differences in how people
approach:
• communication styles
• problem solving, decision making
• participation on a team
• motivation and rewards
• leadership styles
• time management and organization
Norming
• Js want deadlines, milestones, schedules.
• Ps want to know how the team will decide, who
will be involved, and what information is needed.
• Ss and Ns may differ in approaches to planning.
• Will need short- and long-term goals.
Performing
• Group needs collaboration, synergy, enjoyment,
satisfaction.
• “Performing” occurs when each of the types can
contribute their “gifts” and have them valued as
a necessary and important contribution to the
whole.
Summary
•
•
•
•
•
No good or bad preferences, only different.
Four preference scales (E/I, S/N, T/F, J/P)
Understand and appreciate yourself.
Understand and appreciate others.
Can help in many areas of your life.
Ricky Telg
• Department of Agricultural Education &
Communication
• University of Florida
• 352-273-2094
• [email protected]