Transcript Speech 205 - Springfield Public Schools

Speech 205
Notes: Chapters 1
What is communication?
• The process of sending and receiving
messages to share meanings
• Involves 2 or more people
• Share ideas feelings, and attitudes
• May be spoken (oral) or written
Communication as process
• Process = moves forward from a
beginning point
• Speakers and listeners interact over a
period of time, working to understand
each other
• Later interactions build on information
communicated in previous interactions
Messages are…
• The way meaning is conveyed
• Essential to communication process –
cannot communicate without a message
• May be verbal – written or spoken
• May be nonverbal – expressed without
words
Whose responsibility is it to
communicate well?
• Shared between speaker and listener
• Each is involved continuously (sorry, no
down time)
• Send and receive messages
simultaneously (at the same time)
Meanings
• Communication is possible because of
common meanings for words and
nonverbal signals
• Meaning = interpretation
What problem with meaning arises in
the following scenario?
After winning the second meet at
10:00 A.M., I heard that the track meet
final for the district was at 2:00. The meet
was actually at noon, and I had to forfeit
because I had left for lunch. The director
had said “In two” and I thought he said “At
two.”
Meanings
• “Can you get my spare out of the boot?”
• “Can I go use the bubbler?” the student
asked the teacher.
Meaning in context
• Meaning is affected by context – the
situation in which the message occurs
(8).
• We communicate differently depending
on where we are and who is with us.
How does your communication change
in these settings?
•
•
•
•
•
•
At the dinner table with your family?
At the park with your friends?
On the internet?
In text messages?
At a religious service?
At school?
REMEMBER
• Definition of communication involves
three main ideas
–Speaking and listening happen at the
same time
–Speakers and listeners must be aware
of both verbal and nonverbal messages
–Effective communication occurs when
the speakers and listeners share
common meanings
5 areas that require highly developed
communication skills
• Family
– Many difficulties stem from poor listening
habits
•
•
•
•
Friendship
School
Work
Citizenship
4 types of communication
1. Interpersonal
• One-on-one communication
• A conversation
2. Group
• Communicating as part of a group
• All members are part of conversation
4 Types of Communication (continued)
3. Public
• Speaking to an audience
• One person communicates verbally –
others communicate non-verbally
4. Interpretive Communication
• Bring literature to life for audience
• Performance
Think about it
• Why is communication considered a process?
• Why are common meanings important in
communication?
• In what ways can good communication skills
help you in your job, in your family, in your
community, and at school?
• Describe the four communication situations
and provide and example of each
Try it out
• Small groups – Think of a situation in which
people have problems communicating. Then,
we’ll role play in class. Discuss these
characters after the role-playing and explain
how they could have communicated better.
• Example: A tired parent and a spoiled child
misbehave in a supermarket / A student
refuses to get in front of the class and speak
Try it out
• Provide your own meanings and definitions
for the following words…
– Happiness, war, education, honesty, stepmother,
brother, rich, breakfast, popular, extreme, swag
• Similarities and differences between
meanings?
• What happens to communication if your
meanings are not the same?