Transcript What It Takes: New Roles Competencies and

What It Takes: New Roles,
Competencies & Models
for Implementing On-line
Distance Education
Lawrence C. Ragan
Director of ID&D, Penn State
World Campus
Peter Williams
Director of Distance Education,
Rogers State University
Session Overview
• Summary of New Roles, Competencies for
Distance Education
• Summary of New Models for the ID&D of Online Courses
• Q&A
Competency Study
• Modeled after ASTD studies of McLagan &
Rothwell
• TAMU DE study of Thach (1994)
• Questions
– What are roles and competencies?
– How important are competencies?
– How have roles and competencies changed?
Distance Education Roles (1)
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Administrative Manager
Leader/Change Agent
Instructor/Facilitator
Instructional Designer
Technology Expert
Site Facilitator
Support Staff
Distance Education Roles (2)
•
•
•
•
•
•
Librarian
Technician
Evaluation Specialist
Graphic Designer
Trainer
Media Publisher/Editor
General Competencies for All Roles
•
•
•
•
•
Collaboration/ Teamwork
Basic Technology
Interpersonal Communication
English Proficiency
Knowledge of DL
General Competencies for All Roles
• Writing Skills
• Questioning Skills
• Skills in Development of Collaborative
Student Focused Learning Environment
• Adult Learning Theory
• Knowledge of Support Services
Administrative Manager
• Basic Technology, Interpersonal
communications, Knowledge of DL,
Collaboration/teamwork
• Managerial including budgeting & strategic
planning
• Organizational/Planning
• Public Relations
Leader/Change Agent
• Collaboration/teamwork, English proficiency,
Knowledge of DL, Interpersonal
communications
• Change Agent
• Organizational/Planning
• Public Relations
• Consulting
• Facilitation of Discussion
Instructor/Facilitator
• Collaboration/Teamwork, Interpersonal
Communication, Basic Technology, Adult
Learning
• Development of Collaborative activities
• Student Focused Learning Environment
• Content Knowledge
• Advising/Counseling
• Facilitation of Discussion
• Teaching Strategies/Models
• Writing
Instructional Designer
• Interpersonal Communication, Collaboration/
Teamwork; Editing; English Proficiency, Basic
Technology, Adult Learning Theory
• Development of Collaborative
• Student Focused Learning
• Environment
• Instructional Design for Interactive Technologies
• Instructional Design
• Media Attributes
Technology Expert
•
•
•
•
•
Collaboration/Teamwork, Basic Technology
Computer Hardware/Software /Networking
Media Attributes
Technology Operation/Repair
TV Satellite Communication &
videoconferencing
• Multimedia
Site Facilitator/Proctor
• Basic Technology, Collaboration/ Teamwork,
Interpersonal Communication, English
Proficiency
• Knowledge of Support Services
• Technology Access
• Advising Counseling
• Computer Hardware
• Facilitation of Discussion
• Public Relations
Support Staff
• English Proficiency, Collaboration/Teamwork,
Interpersonal Communication, Basic Technology
• Advising/ Counseling
• Knowledge of Support Services
• Organizational
• Public Relations
• Writing;
• Consulting
Librarian
• Basic Technology, Collaboration/Teamwork,
Interpersonal Communication, English
Proficiency, Adult Learning Theory
• Library Research
• Intellectual Property
• Fair Usage & Copyright Regulations
• Knowledge of Support Services
• Questioning
• Media Attributes
Evaluation Specialist
• Collaboration/Teamwork, English Proficiency,
Interpersonal Communication, Adult Learning
• Data Analysis
• Evaluation
• Questioning
• Knowledge of DL
• Needs Assessment
• Feedback
Graphic Designer
•
•
•
•
•
Basic Technology, Adult Learning
Multimedia, Software
Graphic Design
HTML Authoring
Instructional Design for Interactive
Technologies
• Media Attributes
• Editing
• Instructional Design
Trainer
• Basic Technology, Collaboration/ Teamwork,
English Proficiency, Adult Learning
• Presentation
• Facilitation of Discussion
• Learning Style and Theory
• Change Agent
• Development of Collaborative-Student Focused
Learning Environment
• General Education Theory
Media Publisher/ Editor
• Collaboration/Teamwork, English Proficiency,
Basic Technology
• Editing
• Media Attributes Knowledge
• Multimedia
• Writing
• HTML Authoring
• Text Layout
• Development of Collaborative, Student Focused
Learning Environment
Models for Instructional
Design & Development (ID&D)
for On-line Materials
ID&D Model Elements
• System Components
*content delivery, communications,
projects, evaluation/assessment
• Design & Development Services
*instructional design, materials
development, DE pedagogy, editing,
technical programming
Five On-line “Systems” Models
•
•
•
•
•
•
Build-It-Yourself
Out-of-the-Box-Solution
Outsource Development/Local Host
Local Development/Outsource Host
Outsource Everything
“Your-On-Your-Own-Buddy!”
Build-It-Yourself
• Pro: Highly customizable, unique, tightly
integrated with existing administrative systems
• Con: Very expensive, time consuming, continual
“water/feeding,” dependent on staff
Out-of-the-Box-Solution
• Pro: Cost efficient, time efficient, new versions,
more comprehensive, “maybe” more stable
• Cons: Limited customization, version control,
feature creep, lack of control, potentially
unstable within local environment
Outsource Development /Local Host
• Pros: External expertise, cost/time efficient, new
versions, matched to local conditions
• Cons: Lack of control, cost, revision cycle,
generic design
Local Development/Outsource Host
• Pros: Stable delivery, version control
• Cons: Hosting fee, lack of customization
Outsource Everything
• Pros: Cost efficient, version updates
• Cons: Costs, dependent upon external vendor
for “core service”
Your-On-Your-Own-Buddy!
• Pros: Great variations in design, exciting new
learning environments
• Cons: Great variations in design,
misrepresentation of institution, quality control,
students need to relearn operating environment,
reinventing the wheel, potential bad “word of
mouth,” may be highly cost in-efficient
ID&D Model Options
•
•
•
•
Centralized ID&D Service Unit
Faculty-developed Model
Outsource ID&D Services
“Your On Your Own Buddy!”
Centralized ID&D Service Unit
• Pros: Customizable, unique design, cost
efficient, flexible, quality & consistent
standards, standardized look and feel, manage
revision cycle, pooled brainpower
• Cons: Staffing highest costs, high pressure,
standardization vs innovations, maintenance, no
content
Faculty-developed Model
• Pros: Cost efficient, diversity, shift of
responsibility
• Cons: Lack of responsiveness/priority, lack of
ID/IT skills, limits to capable faculty, diversity
of design models
Outsource ID&D Services
• Pros: Cost & time efficient, pedagogically sound
• Cons: Lack of flexibility, lack of ability to
customize, costs, revision cycle, lack of support
Summary
• Understand what skills and competencies are
necessary to go “on-line”
• Analyze institutional model
– Needs
– Resources,
– Goals
• Conduct cost/benefit analysis/model
• Select one model (or create your own) and do it!
• Make adjustments as necessary
www.worldcampus.psu.edu
www.rsuonline.edu