Transcript Document

•INTRODUCTION
TO
INTERVIEWING
AND
COUNSELING
IN SPEECH
PATHOLOGY
I will be citing several sources:**
• Roseberry-McKibbin, C., & Hegde, M.N.
(2016). An advanced review of speechlanguage pathology: Preparation for
PRAXIS and comprehensive examination
(4th ed.). Austin, TX: Pro-Ed
www.proedinc.com
• Flasher, L., & Fogle, P. (2012).
Counseling skills for speech-language
pathologists and audiologists (2nd ed.).
New York: Cengage-Delmar.
• Berry, J.O. (2009). Lifespan perspectives
on the family and disability (2nd ed.).
Austin, TX: Pro-Ed.
• Cormier, S., & Hackney, H.L. (2012). Counseling
strategies and interventions (8th ed.). New York:
Prentice Hall.
• Ponterotto, J.G., Casas, J.M., Suzuki, L.A., &
Alexander, C.M. (2010). Handbook of multicultural
counseling (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage
Publications.
• Luterman, D.M. (2008). Counseling persons with
communication disorders and their families (5th ed.).
Austin, TX: Pro-Ed.
• Haynes, W.O., & Pindzola, R. (2012). Diagnosis and
evaluation in speech pathology (8th ed.). Boston:
Allyn & Bacon.
• Chabon, S.S., & Cohn. E.R. (2012). The
communication disorders casebook:
Learning by example. New Jersey: Pearson
Education, Inc.
• Turnbull, K., & Justice, L.M. (2012).
Language development: From theory to
practice. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
• Owens, R.E. (2016). Language
development: An introduction (9th ed.).
Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
• DiLollo, A., & Naimeyer, R.A. (2014).
Counseling in speech-language
pathology and audiology:
Reconstructing personal narratives.
San Diego, CA: Plural Publishing.
• Reed, H.C. (2011). The Source for
counseling for SLPs. East Moline, IL:
LinguiSystems.
• Holland, A.L., & Nelson, R.L. (2013).
Counseling in communication
Disorders: A wellness perspective
(2nd ed.). Plural Publishing.
• Owens, R.E., Farinella, K.A., & Metz,
D.E. (2015). Introduction to
communication disorders: A lifespan
evidence-based perspective (5th ed.).
USA: Pearson Education.
• Hulit, L.M., Fahey, K.R., & Howard,
M.R. (2015). Born to talk: An
introduction to speech and language
development (6th ed.). USA:
Pearson Education.
• Dr. Tommie Robinson – ASHA
Schools Conference July, 2014
• Pittsburgh, PA
• Counseling in Communication
Disorders
I. INTRODUCTION**
• A major key to
clinical success is
dealing with the
EMOTIONS of our
clients and their
families.
Until emotions are dealt
with…**
• People may not make progress in therapy
or follow through with our
recommendations for improvement
• Cone: foundation is dealing effectively
with emotional issues
We can’t just skim over our
clients’ emotional issues…
Robinson, 2014:
Owens, Farinella, & Metz
(2015):**
•A person with a communication
disorder may experience a host
of feelings such as anger,
depression, shame,
embarrassment, and
inadequacy
DiLollo & Naimeyer, 2014: **
• World Health Organization (WHO) has
a health classification system:
• International Classification of
Functioning, Disability, and Health
(ICF)
ICF proposes:
Haynes & Pindzola, 2012, pp.
45-46:**
• There is an unfortunate tradition of
“sweetness and light” in client counseling.
A person has a problem. The person is
sad and depressed, and we try to cheer
that person up. Sometimes this
degenerates into a debate, with the
interviewer trying to persuade the person
not to feel miserable. A person who feels
depressed, anxious, and fearful does not
want to count his or her blessings.
Haynes & Pindzola (2012;
continued)**
• That person wants you to feel miserable
too, and to share and identify with him or
her on the same level. Thus, you are given
a basis for communication…start with
where the person is…and agree that it is a
sad state of affairs that would make
anyone sad and depressed. Then, using
this bond…you can assist in solving the
problem. The main ingredient is empathy.
• B. Counseling by:**
–1. Informing
–2. Persuading
–3. Listening and Valuing—help
clients become congruent
1. Informing**
• Medical model; information-based
• Luterman 2008, p. 1: “….we adopt an
attitude of detached concern and
proceed to control the clinical
interaction by delivering set
speeches.”
• Usually we give the diagnosis and
then suggestions for what clients and
families can do
A problem with this is that…
A favorite quote from Maya
Angelou:
2. Persuading**
• Counseling by persuasion-poor approach--clients do not
own their behavior
• The professional takes the
responsibility for the decision,
not the client
• People often don’t follow
through because the decision
has not come from inside them
3. Helping clients become
congruent
For clients who are feeling a
lot of emotion (e.g., anger,
sorrow):
For example: (Chabon &
Cohn, 2012)
II. OBTAINING
INFORMATION**
• A. Case History Questionnaires
• Ideally, we can read these and think
about clients before they come
• Saves time during the first
interview; makes you seem
prepared
• “I understand from this form
that...can you tell me more about
that?”
Some limitations—people may not
fill out the form accurately because
they don’t:
B. Observation**
• 1. Spectator observation
• The observer is physically apart from
the client (e.g., one-way mirror)
• 2. Participant observation
• We are in there with the person
C. Interviews**
• 1. Introduction
• An interview is a serious conversation
between two parties conducted for one
or more important purposes.
• There is 1) a purpose, and 2) a plan of
action, and 3) good communication
• 2. Information-getting
interview— we need both
objective and subjective info.**
• Subjective info—how the client
feels about the problem
• 3. Information-giving (more
later)
Asha Leader (Margolis):
Boosting Memory with
Informational Counseling
Factors interfering with
retention of information
included…
Help people remember info by:
In addition…**
• Make recommendations specific
rather than general
• E.g. “Have your child read a list of 10
/r/ words once a day” instead of
“have your child practice at home”
• Say to the person “If you were to
explain this to ****, what would you
say?”
The very best thing:**
• Provide info in writing
• Use clear, easy-to-read, illustrated
materials
• Provide materials in patient’s primary
language; use an interpreter if
necessary
III. INITIAL STAGES OF
COUNSELING**
• 1. Making personal contact
• 2. Explaining the process
• 3. Providing realistic hope for
improvement
• 4. Planning for termination
IV. TERMINATING THERAPY
3. Say something like:
**
• I’m glad we’ve been able to work
together. I think that perhaps, at this
time, due to ZYZ reason, continued
therapy is not the best use of your
time and money.
• I think you might be happier/better
served by ------ person/facility.
4. Have List of other
Resources**
• Phone numbers
• Websites
• Etc.!
Berry (2009) states that:
Roseberry-McKibbin &
Hegde 2016:
Robinson, 2014—what is
outside our scope of practice
(make referrals)
In conclusion… ***
• No matter how much we want to
stay clinical and fact-based….
• It is important to address the
emotional, human side for our clients
and their families