Transcript CHAPTER 11 – NATIONAL AND REGIONAL GROWTH

Copy the following on the bottom
half of NB p. 21.
(Skip a line between each item.)
8.
9.
10.
11.
Robert Fulton
Henry Shreve Miller
Samuel F.B. Morse
Transportation and communication advances
changed the United States by
12. John Deere’s steel plow
13. Cyrus McCormick
14. Different U.S. regions were linked economically
by
Lesson 11.1b – Early
Inventions
Today we will identify inventions that improved
transportation, communication, and farm
production.
Moving People, Goods, and
Messages
• New inventions improved transportation
and communication.
• Steamboats carried people and goods
farther and faster and led to the growth of
cities like New Orleans and St. Louis.
Moving People, Goods, and
Messages
• Robert Fulton invented a
steamboat that could move
against the current or strong
wind.
• In 1807, he launched the
Clermont on the Hudson River.
But steamships
were still unable
to sail upstream.
Henry Miller Shreve improved on
Fulton’s idea.
• He designed a more
powerful engine and
installed it on a
double-decker boat
with a paddle wheel
in the back.
• The stern-wheeler
launched a new era
of trade and transportation on the
Mississippi River.
Moving People, Goods, and
Messages
• In 1837, Samuel F.
B. Morse
demonstrated the
telegraph.
• This invention
allowed
messages to
travel between
cities in seconds.
• By 1861,
telegraph lines
spanned the
country.
Moving People, Goods, and
Messages
• Telegraph lines and steamships helped
bring people from different parts of the
country closer together.
• These inventions increased national unity.
Check for Understanding
Robert Fulton invented a
steamboat
that
could
move
Who
was
Robert
using a steam engine to turn
Fulton?
two side
paddle wheels.
Check for Understanding
• Who introduced steamboats to the
Mississippi River?
• Henry Miller Shreves introduced
steamboats to the Mississippi River.
Check for Understanding
• Who invented the first telegraph?
• Samuel F.B. Morse invented the
first telegraph.
• How did the telegraph change
communication in the United
States?
• The telegraph made it possible to
communicate with someone in
another city in seconds.
Check for
Understanding
How did advances in
communication and
transportation change
America?
Advances in
communication brought
people closer as a nation,
bringing more national
unity.
7. How did Robert Fulton and Samuel
F.B. Morse improve national unity?
A. Morse invented a steamboat that could
move against the current.
B. Fulton invented a telegraph that could carry
messages using pulses of electricity.
C. Morse’s invention made it easier to
communicate across great distances.
D. Their inventions made it easier for
Northerners and Southerners to do
business.
E. Fulton’s invention led to the growth of
cities like New Orleans and St. Louis.
Choose all that are true!
Technology Improves Farming
• Several inventions increased
farm production in the United
States.
• In 1836, John Deere invented a
light-weight plow with a steel
cutting edge.
Technology Improves Farming
• Before Deere introduced his steel plow, most
farmers used iron or wooden plows.
• The heavy Midwestern
soil stuck to these
plows and had to be
cleaned very frequently.
• The smooth sided steel
plow solved this
problem.
• As a result, more
farmers began moving
to the Midwest.
Technology Improves Farming
In 1834, Cyrus McCormick invented a
reaper to cut ripe grain.
Technology Improves Farming
The threshing machine separated
kernels of wheat from husks.
New inventions help to create
national unity.
• The new farming equip–
ment helped Midwestern
farmers feed Northeastern
factory workers.
• Midwestern farmers
became a market for the
goods manufactured in
the Northeast.
• Northeastern textile mills
increased the need for
Southern cotton.
Check for Understanding
• Who was John Deere?
• John Deere invented a
lightweight plow with
a steel cutting edge.
How did the steel plow
improve agriculture?
The steel plow improved agriculture by
making it easier for farmers to prepare
ground in the heavy Midwestern soil.
Deere’s new plow made it possible for
more farmers to move west.
What two other inventions
improved agriculture?
Cyrus McCormick’s mechanical
reaper cut ripe grain.
The threshing machine separated kernels of
wheat from husks.
How were different U.S. regions
linked economically?
• New farming equipment
helped Midwestern
farmers feed Northeastern
factory workers.
• Midwestern farmers
became a market for the
goods manufactured in
the Northeast.
• Northeastern textile mills
increased the need for
Southern cotton.
8. How did John Deere and Cyrus McCormick
strengthen the economic connection between
the Midwest and New England?
A. Their inventions made it easier for Midwestern
farmers to feed Northeastern factory workers.
B. He invented a steamboat that could move
against the current.
C. Their inventions strengthened the economic
connection between Northeastern factory
workers and Southern plantation owners.
D. Their inventions strengthened the economic
connection between American farmers and
South American manufacturers.