Transcript Chapter 14: Section 4 “Encounters in East Asia”

Chapter 14: Section 4
“Encounters in East Asia”
4 parts: Ming, Manchu, Korea,
Japan
European Contact with Ming China
• Why did China limit trade with Europe?
• Where could they trade?
• What were the Europeans forced to pay
with?
• How was Christianity spread in China and
by whom?
Why did China limit trade with
Europe?
• Chinese considered Europeans
“barbarians”
• Felt that “our empire owns the world”
Where could they trade?
• Allowed Portuguese
trading post at Macao
• Only under
supervision of
imperial officials
What were the Europeans forced to
pay with? Why?
• Gold and silver
• European textile and
metalwork were
inferior to Chinese
products
How was Christianity spread in
China and by whom?
• Portuguese
missionaries
• Jesuits from Spain,
Italy, Portuguese
• Chinese welcomed
Renaissance scholars
• Matteo Ricci: priest
who went to China
• (Only little influence
on China)
The Manchu Conquest
• What dynasty did the Manchu take over?
What was their new dynasty called?
• Why did Chinese scholar-officials accept
the Manchu? Describe the government.
• Who was Quianlong? What did he do for
China?
• What was the result of new crops from the
Americas?
• Who was Lord Macartney? Where was he
from and what did he attempt to do? How
did he fail?
Where is Manchus?
• Northeast, known as
Manchuria
• Influenced by China
Manchuria
China
What dynasty did the Manchu take over?
What was their new dynasty called?
• The Ming dynasty
• Qing (ching) dynasty
Why did Chinese scholar-officials accept
the Manchu? Describe the government.
• Manchus adopted
Confucian system of
government
• Top position: 1
Manchu, 1 Chinese
• Local gov’t: Chinese
• Manchu troops
stationed across
empire
Who was Quianlong? What did he
do for China?
• Ruler of Qing Dynasty
• Expanded China’s
borders, rule largest
area in nation’s
history
What was the result of new crops
from the Americas?
• China’s population
rose from 140 million
(1740) to over 300
million by 1800
• (sixty years!)
Who was Lord Macartney? Where was
he from and what did he attempt to do?
How did he fail?
• Head of British
diplomatic mission
• Attempts to expand
trade with China
• Refuses to perform
traditional kowtow
Korea Chooses Isolation
• Previously, in the 1500’s, who was Korea’s
largest threat?
• In 1636, who was their new threat? How
did this change Korea?
• What happened to European sailors when
shipwrecked in Korea?
Previously, in the 1500’s, who was
Korea’s largest threat?
• Japanese
• Invaded several times, villages burned,
famine and disease, population decreased
In 1636, who was their new threat?
How did this change Korea?
• Manchu invades Korea
• Extends Qing dynasty, Korea is tributary
state
What happened to European
sailors when shipwrecked in
Korea?
• Held as spies and
imprisoned
Foreign Traders in Japan
• How were Japanese different from their
Asian neighbors?
• After time, why did Japanese reject
Christianity?
• After time, why did they reject European
trade? How did they do this?
How were Japanese different from
their Asian neighbors?
• Welcomed
Westerners
• Traded with
Europeans (Western
firearms)
• Christianity
• Printing press
After time, why did Japanese reject
Christianity?
• Spain seizes Philippines
• Shoguns fear Japanese Christians will
favor pope over shogun
After time, How did the Japanese stop
foreign trade?
• Outlawed building of large ships
• Allow only one or two Dutch ships a year
to trade in Nagasaki