Transcript Indus River Valley

BELLWORK
1. List three achievements of the Harappan
civilization.
2. How did the Harappan civilization end?
3. Who were the Aryans? Explain their
achievements.
4. How did the Shang dynasty rule China?
5. List three achievements of the Zhou dynasty.
6. THINKER: How is Daoism different than
Confucianism?
First Current Event on Friday!
Indus River Valley Civilization
• South Asian Civilization arose
in 2500B.C.
• Mountain ranges: Hindu Kush
& Himalayas
• Rivers: Indus & Ganges
• Two major cities: Harappa &
Mohenjo-Daro
• Two major groups: Harappan &
Aryan
Mohenjo-Daro
Harappa
List three achievements of the
Harappan civilization.
Harappan Civilization
• Urban centers were well planned
• Production of clay pots, bronze, jewelry, and cotton
cloth
• Traded with people of Mesopotamia
• How did the Harappan civilization end?
• Indus Civilization collapsed by 1500 B.C.
– Severe climate changes (heat & flooding)
– Natural disasters (earthquake)
– Violence (wars with invading nations)
Who were the Aryans? Explain
their achievements.
The Aryans (1500-600 BC)
• People from the North; settled where Harappa
used to be
• Warriors – took over the area
• Brought the Sanskrit language, their gods, and
domesticated horses.
• Rise of Hinduism
• Siddhartha Gautama, the Buddha, lived here
and started the faith of Buddhism
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1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
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•
The
Caste
System
The Aryans developed a social system consisting of four main
social classes or varnas.
Each varna had it’s own duties.
Brahman
Kshatriyas
Vaishyas
Shudras
Chandalas (Untouchables)
Based on their religious beliefs, if one had good karma, they
could be reincarnated into a higher caste. (does not apply to
untouchables)
Only men could go to school & teach
Women had no rights
• Create your own caste
system diagram in
your notes!!!
Chinese Civilizations
• Formed along the
Huang River
Valley.
• Did not have
contact with outside
civilizations
• Ancient China was
ruled by dynasties
Chinese Civilizations
• Ancient China was ruled by two dynasties:
– Shang dynasty: 1700BC – 1000BC
– Zhou dynasty: 1000BC – 200BC
• How did the Shang dynasty rule China?
Shang Dynasty
• 1700BC – 1000BC
• Used large armies, bronze weapons and chariots to
conquer territory
• Ruled by the Mandate of Heaven
• Priests had the authority to call upon the gods and
predict the future
• Cultural achievements: writing using characters,
bronze objects, ivory, silk, pottery, and the creation
of cities.
Zhou Dynasty
• List three achievements of the Zhou dynasty.
• About 1000BC, Wu killed the Shang king and established a
new dynasty, the Zhou. (JOH)
• Agricultural system: nobles owned the land and peasants
worked it.
• Technological advances: roads, expanded foreign trade,
obtained horses, the cross-bow, iron plows, and flood-control
systems.
• Under the Zhou, China became the most populated country
in the world.
Daoism vs. Confucianism??
Confucianism
Daoism
Venn Diagram: India vs. China
INDIAN
CIVILIZATION
CHINESE
CIVILIZATION
Four Corners Review: Ancient Civilizations
• We are going to play a short review game over the four ancient
civilizations we’ve studied so far. (Egypt, Mesopotamia, Indus &
China)
• Each corner is labeled with a letter A-D.
• A multiple choice question will appear on the board and you
have 20 seconds to move to the corner that corresponds with
the answer.
• If you get it right….yay! You’re still in the game. If you get it
wrong…..yikes! You’re out!
• If you are out, sit quietly at your desk, do NOT help anyone!
• If everyone picks the same answer, you must then chose RED
or BLACK, and your fate will be decided by luck of the draw!
1) Why is Narmer important to
Egyptian Civilization?
A. For his works of architecture, like pyramids
and tombs
B. For his creation of canals along the Nile River,
which improved trade and travel
C. For unifying the Egyptian kingdoms under one
leader
D. For restoring Egypt after it’s period of decline.
1) Why is Narmer important to
Egyptian Civilization?
A. For his works of architecture, like pyramids
and tombs
B. For his creation of canals along the Nile River,
which improved trade and travel
C. For unifying the Egyptian kingdoms under one
leader
D. For restoring Egypt after it’s period of decline.
2) Egypt went through a period of decline
during the rule of Amenhotep IV……why?
A. He changed the religion to polytheism, even
though everyone was monotheistic
B. He changed the religion to monotheism, even
though everyone was polytheistic
C. He tried to take over Mesopotamia, and failed
D. He could not afford building projects, so he
over-taxed his citizens
2) Egypt went through a period of decline
during the rule of Amenhotep IV……why?
A. He changed the religion to polytheism, even
though everyone was monotheistic
B. He changed the religion to monotheism, even
though everyone was polytheistic
C. He tried to take over Mesopotamia, and failed
D. He could not afford building projects, so he
over-taxed his citizens
3) Which of the following statements
about the Assyrians is FALSE?
A. Invented ways to improve agriculture; like the
plow and irrigation
B. Used a strong military to conquer neighboring
civilizations
C. Under their rule, Mesopotamia reached it’s
height with the largest empire
D. The Assyrians fell from power when they were
conquered by the Persians
3) Which of the following statements
about the Assyrians is FALSE?
A. Invented ways to improve agriculture; like the
plow and irrigation
B. Used a strong military to conquer neighboring
civilizations
C. Under their rule, Mesopotamia reached it’s
height with the largest empire
D. The Assyrians fell from power when they were
conquered by the Persians
4) Which of the following
civilizations originated in the Indus
River Valley?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Aryans and Sumerians
Harappans and Aryans
Harappans and Assyrians
Aryans and Assyrians
4) Which of the following
civilizations originated in the Indus
River Valley?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Aryans and Sumerians
Harappans and Aryans
Harappans and Assyrians
Aryans and Assyrians
5) All of the following are forms of
writing used in ancient civilizations
EXCEPT:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Cuneiform
Pictographs
Sanskrit
Ziggurat
5) All of the following are forms of
writing used in ancient civilizations
EXCEPT:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Cuneiform
Pictographs
Sanskrit
Ziggurats
6) All of the following are theories about the
collapse of the Harappan Civilization
EXCEPT
A. Severe climate changes (heat and
flooding)
B. Spread of disease (small pox and
influenza)
C. Natural disasters (earthquakes)
D. Violence (wars w/ neighbors)
6) All of the following are theories about the
collapse of the Harappan Civilization
EXCEPT
A. Severe climate changes (heat and
flooding)
B. Spread of disease (small pox and
influenza)
C. Natural disasters (earthquakes)
D. Violence (wars w/ neighbors)
7) Why is Hatshepsut important to
Egyptian civilization?
A. For her works of architecture, like pyramids
and tombs
B. For her creation of canals along the Nile River,
which improved trade and travel
C. For unifying the Egyptian kingdoms under one
leader
D. For restoring Egypt after it’s period of decline.
7) Why is Hatshepsut important to
Egyptian civilization?
A. For her works of architecture, like pyramids
and tombs
B. For her creation of canals along the Nile River,
which improved trade and travel
C. For unifying the Egyptian kingdoms under one
leader
D. For restoring Egypt after it’s period of decline.
8) Which of the following is NOT an
achievement of the Shang dynasty?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Ivory
Silk
Pottery
Copper
8) Which of the following is NOT an
achievement of the Shang dynasty?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Ivory
Silk
Pottery
Copper
9) Which of the following is NOT an
achievement of the Zhou dynasty?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Sanskrit language
Cross Bow
Roads
Iron Plows
9) Which of the following is NOT an
achievement of the Zhou dynasty?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Sanskrit language
Cross Bow
Roads
Iron Plows
10) Which group in India was the
most powerful and at the top of the
Caste System?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Vaishyas
Kshatriyas
Brahman
Shudras
10) Which group in India was the
most powerful and at the top of the
Caste System?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Vaishyas
Kshatriyas
Brahman
Shudras
11) All of the following were characteristics
of the “untouchables” EXCEPT
A.
B.
C.
D.
Were not allowed to live in cities
Could be reincarnated to a higher caste
Could only enter cities at night
Were responsible for the dirty jobs in
society
11) All of the following were characteristics
of the “untouchables” EXCEPT
A.
B.
C.
D.
Were not allowed to live in cities
Could be reincarnated to a higher caste
Could only enter cities at night
Were responsible for the dirty jobs in
society
12) Which event marked the transition of
power from the Shang dynasty to the Zhou
dynasty?
A. Shang soldiers revolted and overthrew the king
B. The Shang civilization collapsed due to natural
causes, and the Zhou took over
C. Zhou soldiers invaded Eastern China and
overthrew the Shang
D. Wu killed the Shang king and established his
own dynasty
12) Which event marked the transition of
power from the Shang dynasty to the Zhou
dynasty?
A. Shang soldiers revolted and overthrew the king
B. The Shang civilization collapsed due to natural
causes, and the Zhou took over
C. Zhou soldiers invaded Eastern China and
overthrew the Shang
D. Wu killed the Shang king and established his
own dynasty
13) What did all early civilizations
have in common?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Ruled by monarchies
Centered around rivers
Were monotheistic
Used bricks for construction
13) What did all early civilizations
have in common?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Ruled by monarchies
Centered around rivers
Were monotheistic
Used bricks for construction
14) Why is Ramses the Great important
to Egyptian civilization?
A. For his works of architecture, like pyramids
and tombs
B. For his creation of canals along the Nile River,
which improved trade and travel
C. For unifying the Egyptian kingdoms under one
leader
D. For restoring Egypt after it’s period of decline.
14) Why is Ramses the Great important
to Egyptian civilization?
A. For his works of architecture, like pyramids
and tombs
B. For his creation of canals along the Nile River,
which improved trade and travel
C. For unifying the Egyptian kingdoms under one
leader
D. For restoring Egypt after it’s period of decline.
Civilizations in the Americas
• At the same time as China grew under the
Zhou dynasty, civilizations also emerged in
the Americas.
• Evidence indicates that humans first migrated
to the Western Hemisphere 40,000 years ago
through a land bridge, Beringia.
• As you read (pg. 51), take FIVE notes on the
achievements of the Native Americans.
Reading: The Harappan Disintegration
• How and why did the Harappan civilization end?
• For homework tonight, you will read about the Harappan
Disintegration and write an analysis on possible theories of
disappearance.
• What is a theory? Why is evidence important to back up a
theory?
• Part 1: Explain three theories for the disappearance of the
Harappans with evidence to prove/disprove (can be a list)
• Part 2: Your own opinion as to why the Harappan civilization
ended with justification to back up your points.
•
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
BELLWORK
Today, we will learn about ancient Chinese civilizations. During this time, two
major philosophies emerged that influenced life & culture – Confucianism &
Daoism. To learn about these two belief systems, read “Chinese Philosophies” on
pgs. 50-51 and answer the following:
Who was Confucius? What was his principal concern?
Under Confucianism, how should individuals live?
Under Confucianism, how should the government rule?
How is Daoism different than Confucianism?
What is the primary belief of Daoism?
Explain the concept of yin and yang.
THINKER: What is a hierarchy? In your opinion, is there a
social hierarchy in today’s society? Explain!