Transcript China Geography and History

China
Geography and History
History
Stone Age:
1. The change in climate made them
settle and farm.
2. People settled near water because
of farming.
3. Central Asia
Shang Dynasty (1523-1027 BC)
4. The Bronze Age occurred when bronze
was developed and used for creating
tools and weapons.
5. The Egyptians and the Asians. The
writing is the same as what is used
today, only an earlier version written on
bones that supposedly told the future.
6. Bones and tortoise shells
7. A king ruled, which united the people
under the Shang Dynasty.
8. There was a rich
and poor class.
9. People learned
about Chariots
from Central
Asia.
10. The Shang
Dynasty lasted
about 700 years.
Chou Dynasty (1027-221 BC)
11. 200 kingdoms existed under the Chou
emperor.
12. Invaders from the northwest pushed the
people to the east.
13. The people learned how to make iron for tools
and farming, which made production easier.
14. Iron was used to make weapons, which
encouraged warfare.
15. After the wars, only 7 kingdoms were left, and
eventually only King Ch’in, who defeated the
other 6.
Ch’in Dynasty (221-206 BC)
16. He made the people use the same
writing and system of weights.
17. He chose his own assistants and
sent them out as governors and
judges for parts of his empires.
18. He ordered the Great Wall of China
to be built.
Han Dynasty (206 BC – 220 AD)
19. The Huns were removed by Wu Ti.
20. Wu Ti set up the Silk Road for trade.
21. The Silk Road connected Asia with
Egypt and the Roman Empire.
22. Young, intelligent, hard working men
were chosen for university, which
was paid for by the government.
They learned Confucian philosophy.
23. Pan Ch’ao was gone exploring for 28
years, and learned about the Roman
Empire.
24. During the end of the Han Dynasty there
was continuous fighting for power,
rebellions, and a smallpox epidemic.
This opened the door for generals to take
control of the empire, resulting in three
main areas of leadership: Wei, Shu Han,
and Wu.
Sui Dynasty (581-618 AD)
25. He wanted to decrease taxes for the poor,
conducted a census for tax information, and
wanted to give land to every man, who would
pass it on to his sons at the age of 60.
26. Wen Ti did what was done during the Han
Dynasty. He chose advisors from universities
to find educated and fair men.
27. Yang Ti constructed a Grand Canal that
connected the Yellow River with the Yangtze
and Huai Rivers. This connected north and
south China.
28. Yang Ti tried to invade Korea, which was a
mistake.
Tang Dynasty (618-907 AD)
Ruler: T’ai Tsung
Policies:
- educated advisors (Han Dynasty)
- land for every man (Sui Dynasty)
- census (Sui Dynasty)
Advancements:
- trade and cities grew
- Empress Wu Chao:
T’ai Tsung’s girlfriend
- Gaozong’s girlfriend (T’ai Tsung’s son)
- Ruled after Gaozong’s death.
- Regent to her son before forcing him off the throne.
- Removed from power at the at of 79 (705 AD)
-
- Civil War
- Hsuan Tsung took control in 712 AD
-
Expanded borders
Stopped Arab invasions
Rule ended due to focus on philosophy and the arts
- More Civil Wars
Sung Dynasty (907-1279 AD)
Civil Wars continued
Weakened defenses
Enemies were paid in gold to not invade
Taxes increased
Examinations continued for political office
A Deal Gone Wrong
The Juchen in Northern China
Southern Sung Dynasty developed
Trade with India created an economy based
on paper money.
Mongol Empire (1279-1368 AD)
By 1276 they had control of China.
Leader: Kublai Khan
Policies:
Conquer other lands
Offices to foreigners
– Marco Polo
Keep Mongolian language and culture
Black Death (1330s)
Weakened the Mongol Empire
Red Turbons (1350s)
Drove out Mongols
United China under the Ming Dynasty
Ming Dynasty (1368-1644)
Leader: Hung Wu
Centralized power (Tang Dynasty)
Examinations for office (Han Dynasty)
Imperial Palace