Transcript GOOD ancient china ppt final (1).

The ancient Chinese are well known for their discovers such as; tea,
gunpowder, the compass, silk fabric and acupuncture. But how did these
ancient thinkers provide truth to their own lives?
Well, they found their own meaning of truth through art, philosophy,
religion and science. Some of these beliefs are still practice today to give
modern people a sense of reality in the own lives.
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Three major religions have had a profound
influence on China through out the course of
history.
– Confucianism was the religion to inspire ancient
Chinese art
– Taoism
– Buddhism, biggest influence on the art of the
region
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Artists worked with swirling brushstrokes to
create striking line paintings.
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T’ang Dynasty paintings depict people, horses,
and elaborate landscapes colored with green and
blue paints.
Sung Dynasty paintings, influenced by Taoism
and Confucianism, often show tiny people
dwarfed by nature.
•
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Philosophy is the rational investigation of the
truths and principles of being, knowledge, or
conduct.
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Philosophy first came to China during the Early
Shang Dynasty. The people of the Shang
Dynasty began to observe around them
– day and night cycles
– seasons progressed again and again
– moon waxed and waned until it waxed
again.
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As time went on these studies began to
advance which resulted in three major
philosophies of the Chinese culture
– Confucianism
– Taoism
– Legalism
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Legalism is a pragmatic political philosophy synthesized
by Shang Yang and Han Fei.
–
"when the epoch changed, the ways changed", it
upholds the rule of law and is thus a theory of
jurisprudence.
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A ruler should govern his subjects by the following
trinity:
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–
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1.Fa (法 fa3): law or principle.
2.Shu (術 shù): method, tactic, art, or statecraft.
3.Shi (勢 shì): legitimacy, power, or charisma.
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Legalism was the chosen philosophy of the Qin Dynasty.
It was blamed for creating a totalitarian society and
thereby experienced decline.
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Its main motto is: "Set clear strict laws, or deliver
harsh punishment".
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The ruler, alone, would possess the authority to
dispense with rewards and punishments.
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The philosophy was highly progressive, and extremely
critical of the Confucian and Mohist schools.
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China is one of the most
ancient civilizations on earth.
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Chinese religion is not an
organized, unified system of
beliefs and practices. It has no
leadership, no headquarters,
no founder, and no
denominations.
•
Chinese religion is one of the
oldest forms of religion.
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Today, Chinese religion is a
complex mix of Chinese folk
religion, Taoism, Buddhism,
Confucianism.
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Confucianism is a philosophical school
developed from the teachings of the wise,
collected in the Analects of Confucius.
– To build an ideal society, the family
relationship is an essential part of
thinking in The Analects of Confucius
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It is a system of moral, social, political,
and religious thought, that has had
tremendous influence on Chinese history
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Lived from 551 BC- 479 BC
The major Confucian concepts include
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rén (humanity or humaneness),
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zhèngmíng (rectification of names; e.g.
a ruler who rules unjustly is no longer
a ruler and may be dethroned),
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zhōng (loyalty),
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xiào (filial piety),
–
lǐ (ritual).
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Confucius taught both positive and negative
versions of the Golden Rule.
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The concepts Yin and Yang represent two
opposing forces that are permanently in
conflict with each other, leading to perpetual
contradiction and change.
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Taoism is a philosophy and later also developed into a
religion
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All major Chinese philosophical schools have
investigated the correct way to go about a moral life,
but in Taoism it takes on the most abstract meanings,
leading this school to be named after it.
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It advocated nonaction (wu wei), the strength of
softness, spontaneity, and relativism.
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Although it serves as a rival to Confucianism, a school
of active morality, this rivalry is compromised and
given perspective by the idiom "practise Confucianism
on the outside, Taoism on the inside."
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Most of Taoism's focus is on what is perceived to be
the undeniable fact that human attempts to make the
world better actually makes the world worse.
– better to strive for harmony, minimising
potentially harmful interference with nature or
in human affairs.
• Buddhism remains the
dominant religion of the Far
East and is increasingly
popular in the West.
• Has a wide variety of forms,
ranging from religious
rituals and worship in favor
of pure meditation.
• All share in common a great
respect for the teachings of
the Buddha, "The
Enlightened One.”
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Astronomy
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–
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Chemistry
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The Chinese chemists were assigned the task of
inventing the ‘Elixir of Life’ that can be used to
immortalize their emperors.
experimented with number of herbs, animals organs,
minerals and other elements to invent a range of life
saving and healing drugs.
Mathematics
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–
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the first planetarium was invented by the ancient
Chinese as a result of imperial patronage.
paid to keep track of the solar, lunar, and planetary
motions.
All these astronomical phenomena used to hold
special religious significance for the ancient Chinese.
traced as long back as 14th century B.C. : it was a part
of their religious existence.
The mathematical calculations were also used in the
diverse fields of astronomy, water control and
administration.
Physics
–
first among other civilizations to invent complex
machines.
• The wheel burrow
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the blast furnace
• the grooves
VIDEO
• http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MEwgjHq1CM0
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