Transcript Confucianism

By Keith H
Confucianism
Confucianism is based on
the teachings of Kongfuzi,
who is called Confucius by
westerns. This philosophy
deeply influenced Chinese
government and culture.
Who was Confucianism
 Confucianism is a Chinese ethical and
philosophical system developed from
the teachings of the Chinese
philosopher Confucius (Kong Fuzi, or
Kung-fu-tzu, lit. "Master Kong", 551–
478 BC). It is a complex system of
moral, social, political, philosophical,
and quasi-religious.
What was China like during his
life?
 Cultures and countries strongly
influenced by Confucianism include
mainland China, Taiwan, Korea, Japan
and Vietnam, as well as various
territories settled predominantly by
Chinese people, such as Singapore. It
might be that as many as 1.5 billion
people follow Confucian ideals.
According to Confucious, what
are the five basic relationships?
In Confucianism, human beings are
teachable, improvable and perfectible
through personal and communal
endeavour especially including selfcultivation and self-creation. A main
idea of Confucianism is the cultivation
of virtue and the development of moral
perfection.
How should people act in those
basic relationships?
 Confucianism holds that one should
give up one's life, if necessary, either
passively or actively, for the sake of
upholding the cardinal moral values of
ren and yi.
What influence did Confucious
have on Chinese government?
 Most people who adhere to the
teachings of Confucius follow Chinese
traditional religion, which is a blending
of Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism,
and traditional local practices and
beliefs.
Taoism
Taoism (also spelled
Daoism; see below)
refers to a variety of
related philosophical and
religious traditions that
have influenced the
people of Eastern Asia
for more than two
millennia.
Who was Laozi (Lao-tsu)?
 According to tradition, the great sage,
or wise man, Daoism was Laozi ( also
spelled Lao-tzu.
What are yin and yang?
 The concept lies at the origins of many branches of
classical Chinese science and philosophy, as well as
being a primary guideline of traditional Chinese
medicine, and a central principle of different forms of
Chinese martial arts and exercise, such as baguazhang,
taijiquan (tai chi), and qigong (Chi Kung) and of I
Ching divination.
According to Daoism, how
should people discover how to
behave?
 Taoist propriety and ethics emphasize
the Three Jewels of the Tao:
compassion, moderation, and humility,
while Taoist thought generally focuses
on nature, the relationship between
humanity and the cosmos
According to Daoists, how
should rulers behave?
 Harmony with the Universe, or the
source thereof (Tao), is the intended
result of many Taoist rules and
practices.
Legalism
In Chinese history, Legalism
(Chinese pinyin was one of
the main philosophic
currents during the Warring
States Period (and before).
Who was Hanfeizi?
 Legalism was a utilitarian political
philosophy that did not address higher
questions like the nature and purpose
of life.
According to Hanfeizi, what was
the only way to create a strong
society?
 The law code must be clearly written
and made public. All people under the
ruler were equal before the law. Laws
should reward those who obey them
and punish accordingly those who dare
to break them.
How did Hanfeizi believe a ruler
should govern?
 The Warring States Period and the
preceding were marked by frequent
violence and war, and many new
philosophies were founded to cope
with the environment of the time
including, Daoism, Confucianism, and
Legalism.
How did the Qin dynasty apply
the teachings of Hanfeizi?
 Overall, these theories of the beliefs
that all people are fundamentally
flawed and that stringent laws and
harsh punishments are required to
keep them in order.
Links
 www.youtube.com/watch?v=dShb8LAV
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