Transcript Nick Geiger ED. 448-01 Dr. Helms

Nick Geiger
ED. 448-01
Dr. Helms
Power Point Presentation
Chapter 5 China
• Hadley E. Watts Middle School
• 6th grade World History
• 2nd and 6th period lesson
Chapter 5 Terms
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heritage
militia
virtue
public works
philosopher
responsibility
import
Silk Road
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standardization
bureaucracy
civil war
ambassador
civil service
export
caravan
profit
The Zhou Dynasty
• The Zhou Dynasty settled in this region?
• The people were nomads, farmers, and
fighters.
• What material did the people use to make
weapons?
– They also used this material for plows and
tools.
Zhou Dynasty (cont’d)
King Wu
• 1122 B.C. claimed the Mandate of Heaven
• Mandate of Heaven- the order from the
gods to rule China.
• Told the Chinese people the Shang king did
not have the virtues to rule China.
• The Zhou dynasty ruled China for the next
900 years (longest in China’s history).
Social Structure of the Zhou
Gov’t
• King
– Gives lands to the nobles
• Nobles
– Protects the peasants
– Performs military service for the king
• Peasants
– Farm the land and serve the nobles
Public Works
• Structures built by the government for
everyone’s use.
• Built by the peasant class.
• Structures built:
– dikes, dams, canals, and roads
• Structures built contributed to increased
food supply and better ways of
communication and transportation.
The Fall of the Zhou Dynasty
• Invasion of Asia nomads in 700 B.C.
• Instead of fighting as one, the nobles fought
among themselves.
• 771 B.C. the capital of Hao was captured.
• King Yoo was killed during the invasion.
• China now enters the Warring States Period
(600 to 221 B.C.).
Confucius
551-479 B.C.
• Real name: Kung Fu Zi
• Worked for the government, like his father.
• Believed that rulers needed to lead by
example.
• He compared society to a family, family
members worked together for the common
good.
Confucius cont’d
• Tried to influence the nobles children
because they would rule in the future.
• Confucius’s followers wrote down his
teachings in a book called the Analects.
• Confucianism became the guide for the way
people lived.
• 5 virtues: charity, kindness, hard work,
good faith, and courtesy.
The Qin Dynasty
• Started in 221 B.C. and lasted to 207 B.C.
• Claimed the Mandate of Heaven
• United the warring city-states and created
China’s first great empire.
Shi Huangdi
• Shi Huangdi was only 13 years old when he
became king.
• He called himself Qin Shi Huangdi which
translates into the “First Emperor of Qin”
• He was a very cruel ruler.
– Those who did not obey or challenged his rule
were executed along with their families.
Legalism
• This type of leadership was used by Shi
Huangdi.
• Legalism taught the people to obey their
rulers out of fear, not respect.
• Shi Huangdi ordered all writings of
Confucianism to be destroyed because he
felt that the writings challenged his
authority.
Uniting China
• Shi Huangdi accomplished this in 221 B.C.
• Huangdi united China by crushing the
authority of the nobility.
• He created two military districts, within the
two military districts he appointed people
he knew he could trust.
• After gaining control of the nobles, Huangdi
ordered them to live in the city, this placed
the peasants in direct control of Huangdi.
The Great Wall
• Built by peasants under Huangdi’s rule.
• The Great Wall was a form of protection
from northern invaders.
• The Great Wall stands 30 feet high, with
40-foot towers.
• The wall was so thick that two wagons
could pass each other while traveling on
top of it.
The Great Wall Cont’d
• The Great Wall stretched for almost
1,500 miles.
• The Great Wall was built in just 7 years.
• More than 500,000 workers died during
the construction of the wall.
• Nickname: “wall of tears”
Standardization
• Making all things if a certain type alike.
• Money, coins, weights, and writing.
• Help to make trade and communication
easier.
• Brought a sense of belonging to the people
of China.
Bureaucracy
• Shi Huangdi created a bureaucracy to look
over his huge empire.
• A bureaucracy is a network of appointed
government officials.
• The gov’t and rule of Huangdi made many
of the peasants mad and the dynasty that
was supposed to last thousands of years
ended due to peasant revolts.
The Han Dynasty
• Took control of China in 202 B.C.
• The Han Dynasty ruled China for the next
400 years.
• This dynasty led China into the golden age
of peace, wealth, and progress.
Liu Bang
• After Shi Huangdi’s death, China plunged
into civil war.
• The leader that resulted from the warring
nobility was a peasant by the name of Lui
Bang.
• In 202 B.C. Lui Bang claimed the Mandate
of Heaven, and became Han Gao Zu, which
means “Great Founder of the Han”.
Lui Bang Cont’d
• He believed in both types of government
Legalism and Confucianism.
• Nobles liked him for granting them land,
the peasants liked him for lowering the
taxes.
• Lui Bang brought China a peace within but
was soon attacked from the north.
• Lui Bang died from his wounds in 195 B.C.
Wu Di
• Wu Di means “Warlike Emperor”
• He created armies with as many as 300,000
soldiers.
• Wu Di used peaceful tactics to avoid
fighting (ambassadors and payment).
• Set up China’s first civil service system.
• People earned positions by high grades on
tests, not by loyalty.
The Golden Age
• The age of arts and learning.
• Studied language, history, philosophy, and
religion.
• Scholars improved the Chinese writing
system.
• Siam Qian, a Chinese scholar recorded
China’s history from the past dynasties.
Inventions and Teachings
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100 B.C. Dictionary
Daoism
Wheel Barrow
132 A.D. earthquake
detector
• 100 A.D. paper
Trade on the Silk Road
• A land trade route that stretched 5,000 miles
to the Mediterranean Sea.
• China exported: silk, apricots, iron and
bronze
• China imported: gold, ivory, wool, linen,
grape-vines, and horses.
• Before Wu Di, China had never imported or
exported any goods.
Conclusion
• Chapter 5 covered many people, terms, and
dynasties.
• Be able to identify the material we have
gone over in class.
• Any questions should be asked now, before
the test.