Transcript Tang Dynasty

World History
Unit 3
An Age of Exchange and Encounter:
500 to A.D. 1500
Chapter 12
Empires in East Asia,
600 - 1350 A.D.
Section 1
Two Great Dynasties in China
Empires in East Asia, 600–1350
CHAPTER
12
618 Tang Dynasty begins
300-year rule in China.
Scholar-officials managed
the Tang government.
Time Line
935 Koryu Dynasty
controls Korea.
600
1185 Kamakura
shogunate rules
Japan.
1350
794 Heian period
begins in Japan.
960 Song Dynasty
established in
China.
1279 Kublai Khan
conquers China.
Two Great Dynasties in China
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Objectives
To identify the main rulers of the Tang Dynasty and the
extent of their empire.
To describe the causes and effects of the Song family’s
flight south.
To summarize the achievements of the Tang and Song
empires.
To describe changes in Chinese society.
Vocabulary: Tang Taizong, Wu Zhao, movable type,
gentry
The Tang Dynasty Expands China
Sui Wendi - 589 AD
– united China after 350 years
– completion of Grand Canal
Tang Dynasty - 618 - 907 AD
– Tang Taizong
• reconquered former Han lands
– Manchuria to Vietnam
– Wu Zhao
• only female emperor in China
• oversaw Korea addition
• networks of roads and canals
• prospered thru foreign trade
• Confucianism reform
– civil service exams
• Fall due to crushing taxes
Song Dynasty Restores China
Song Dynasty - 960 - 1279 AD
– smaller than Tang
– paid tribute to invaders
• forced to flee south by Jurchen
– rapid economic growth
• trade with Asia and Europe
Most Populous and Advanced
– movable type
• used more than once
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gunpowder
porcelain
mechanical clock
paper money
magnetic compass
Song Dynasty Restores China
Agriculture
– two rice crops annually
Trade
– Silk Road
– greatest sea power
• Buddhism; tea
Art
– Li Bo - life’s pleasures
• natural landscapes
Society
– social mobility
– social advancement
• civil service system
• gentry - upper class
Objectives Assessment
1. Who were the Tang’s main rulers?
2. Why did the Song family retreat south?
What was the effect of the flight?
3. What are some of the achievements of the
Tang and Song Empires?
4. What were some changes in Chinese
society?
Two Great Dynasties
in China
Section
1
Assessment
1. Look at the graphic to help organize your thoughts.
Explain the similarities and differences between the
Tang and Song dynasties.
Tang Only
Expanded the empire,
had a female ruler,
reformed the civil service
Both
Prospered through
trade, improved
agriculture, created
great art and literature
Song Only
Ruled smaller empire,
developed into great
sea power, created
paper money and
movable type
Chapter 12
Empires in East Asia,
600 - 1350 A.D.
Section 3
Empire of the Great Khan
Empire of the Great Khan
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Objectives
To summarize Kublai Khan’s conquest of China.
To describe Mongol rule in China.
To identify the importance of Marco Polo’s
journeys.
To describe the fall of Mongol rule in China and
elsewhere.
Vocabulary: Kublai Khan, Marco Polo
Kublai Khan Conquers China
Kublai Khan
– grandson of Genghis Khan
– Great Khan
• ruler of entire Mongol Empire
– 1st foreigner to rule China
• Yuan Dynasty - 1279-1368
– 1st to unite China in 300 years
– open China to foreign contacts
– lived most of life in China, not on
steppe (Mongolia)
• capital at Beijing
• Japan
– 1274 and 1281
– largest seaborne fleet until WW II
Mongol Rule in China
Separation
– Mongols lived apart from Chinese
– Chinese institutions
– Chinese in low govt positions
• Mongols and foreigners
• Marco Polo
– Venetian trader
– encouraged foreign visits
• Silk Road
• End of Mongol rule
– 1368 - Chinese rebels (Ming)
– Khanate of the Golden Horde
• 1480 AD
Objectives Assessment
1. Describe Kublai’s conquest of China.
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Conquers southern China after 40 years
Founds Yuan Dynasty
2. How did the Mongol’s govern China?
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Tolerated Chinese culture; made few changes
Mongols and foreigners in key positions
3. Why was Marco Polo’s journey to China important?
–
Western look into Kublai’s China; trade
4. What were some of the reasons for Mongol decline in
the 1300s?
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Kublai’s death; taxing wars; rebellion
Empire of the
Great Khan
Section
3
Assessment
1. Look at the graphic to help organize your
thoughts. List seven events that show the impact of
Kublai Khan on East Asia.
Conquered China
Established a
Mongol dynasty
(Yuan)
Extended
foreign trade
Kublai Khan
Improved
communication
within China and
across Asia
Fought
unsuccessful wars
in Southeast Asia
Reunited China
Failed to
conquer Japan
Feudal Powers
in Japan
Section
4
Assessment
1. Look at the graphic to help organize your
thoughts. Summarize the main periods and
events in Japanese history between the years
300 and 1300.
Event Two
Event Four
Event Six
500
Koreans bring Buddhist
images and scriptures
to Yamato court.
794
Capital
moved to
Heian.
1192
Yoritomo
becomes
first shogun.
Event One
300
Chinese
writings first
mention
Japan.
Event Three
Event Five
Event Seven
600s-800s
Japan adopts
aspects of
Chinese
culture.
1000-1200
Feudal
system
develops.
1274 and
1281
Japan turns
back Mongol
invasions.
Chapter 12
Empires in East Asia,
600 - 1350 A.D.
Section 5
Kingdoms of Southeast Asia and
Korea
Kingdoms of Southeast Asia and Korea
Objectives
• To describe the kingdoms of Southeast Asia
and the influence of India and China.
• To summarize early Korean history.
• Vocabulary: Khmer Empire, Anghor Wat,
Koryu Dynasty
Kingdoms of Southeast Asia
SE Asia
• Geography
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between Indian / Pacific Oceans
tropical, humid climate
mainland south of China
island chain
• Culture
– never unified culturally/politically
• rivers and straits
• Political Power
– trade routes
– harbors
Kingdoms of Southeast Asia
Indian Influence
– monsoon winds
– Hinduism and Buddhism
– Sanskrit
Chinese Influence
– political tribute
Khmer Empire - 800-1200 CE
– Cambodia; main SE Asian
power on mainland
– dominate sea trade
– rice cultivation
• 3-4 crops annually
– capital at Angkor Wat
• city and temple complexes
Kingdoms of Southeast Asia
Sailendra Dynasty
– Java; sea trade
– Borobudur Buddhist temple
Srivijaya Empire
– Java, Borneo, Sumatra
– wealth via taxing trade
– Palembang as learning center
Ly Dynasty
– Hanoi, Vietnam
– expansion via conquest
– fought off Mongols
Kingdoms of Southeast Asia
Koryu Dynasty - 935-1392 CE
– isolation
– Korea
• strong Chinese Han influence
– govt. modeled after China
• Confucian civil service
– social divisions
• landed aristocracy = haves
• all others = have nots
– Mongol occupation
• 1231-1350 CE
• tribute
Kingdoms of Southeast
Asia and Korea
Section
5
Assessment
1. List six important kingdoms or dynasties covered in
this section, and at least two major accomplishments of
each.
Kingdom or Dynasty
Accomplishments
Khmer
Built irrigation system and Angkor Wat
Srivijaya
Dominated Strait of Malacca; created center of Buddhist learning
Sailendra
Prospered through agriculture; built Borobudur
Vietnam
Gained independence from China; defeated the Mongols
Silla
United Korea; developed writing
Koryu
Established civil service; produced celadon pottery