Transcript technological

TECHNOLOGY
When did Technology Begin
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Technological time line on pages 494 – 497
People used fire for cooking meat and protection from wild
animals
Needles were made from splinters of bone
The plow was developed in Egypt
People found ways to make linen cloth, oil lamp, vehicles,
irrigation and sewage systems
They started using water wheel to grind grain
Water wheel was also used in pumping water, making cloth, and
smelting iron
The kinds of tools used in different time classify historical
periods
When did Technology Begin
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Stone Age
1,000,000 BC – 3000 BC
 Stone was used for many tools. Other materials used
were bones and wood
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The earliest known canoe was made about 6500 BC
Bronze Age
3000 BC – 1200 BC
 People made tools and weapons from bronze, a
mixture of copper and tin.
 Copper could be heated with charcoal to yield pure
copper
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When did Technology Begin
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Iron Age
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Began around 1200 BC in
Egypt
Smelting --- the process of
making iron from ore
Iron smelting furnace was a
clay-lined hole in the ground
Red hot spongy mass was
hammered into shape
Fe
Industrial Revolution
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Industrial revolution and the factory system
of work spread through the Western world
in around 1750 AD
Before then, craftspeople used their own
tools and workshops to make things ---they started working in factories
Products could be made faster and cheaper
with machines
Richard Arkwright is the “inventor of the
factory system”
His first manufacturing system changed raw
cotton into thread
Henry Ford is the “father of mass
production” and first used assembly line on
a large scale
Changes Caused by Industrial
Revolution
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Industrial revolution brought both social and technological
change.
 Trade unions
 Laws on working hours, wages, etc.
 Schools
 Patent laws
 Transportation
 Communication
Exponential Change
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Exponential rate of change --- change that happens at a faster and faster
rate
Linear rate of change --- change that remains fixed
Example of cassettes on page 16
Exponential change
What is exponential change?
If you buy 2 books every month, how many books you would
have after 6 months?
26=12
If you buy 2 books in the first month, and you double the amount
of books you buy each next month, have, how many books you
would have after 6 months?
Amount you buy: 2 – 4 – 8 – 16 – 32 - 64
Amount you have: 2 – 6 – 14 – 30 – 62 - 126
Technology Time Line
COMPUTERS
SPACE TRAVEL
TV
AIRPLANES
TELEPHONE
STEAM ENGIN
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION
ELECTRICITY
NEWON’S LAWS
AGRICULTURE BEGINS
Fire, Stone Tools
1m BC
PAPER MAKING
THE BRONZE AGE
THE IRON AGE
8000 BC
1200 BC
1281 A.D.
1800 A.D.
NOW
Technological Eras
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Agricultural Era
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Industrial Era
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Most people lived off the land and were farmers
Tools and discoveries had to do with harvesting crops
They used muscle power to do jobs
Began with industrial revolution
Many new machines were invented
Many people were employed in factories
Machines replaced human and animal muscle power --- use of
steam and electricity
Information Age
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Inventions are based on electronics and computers
Percentage of Work Force
100
Industrial Era
Information Age
1900
2000
Agricultural Era
50
8000 B.C.
1750
Technological Literacy
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Technologically literate --- to understand how technology affects
us, how processes work
One can make decisions on the basis of this literacy– Informed
decisions vs. Blind decisions