Transcript Ch 7.4 ppt.

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Advantage
Advantage
Advantage
American Victory
Advantage
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Terms of the
Treaty of Paris
Costs of the War
Issues After the
War
Lesson 7.4:
The Legacy of
the War and
Issues After the
War
Essential Question
What lessons were
learned from the
war and what
challenges did the
new nation face?
Focus Questions
1. What advantages enabled the Americans to win
the Revolutionary War ?
2. What advantages did the British have entering the
war against the American colonies?
3. What were all of the conditions of the Treaty of
Paris of 1783?
4. What were all the costs of the war ?
Focus Questions
5. How did Americans’ goals for government change
after declaring independence?
6. What are the characteristics of republicanism?
7. How did American independence begin to change
life for African Americans?
Vocabulary
1. Treaty of Paris of 1783 – Document signed which ended
the Revolutionary War, confirming the independence of
America
2. republicanism – belief that government should be based
on the consent of the people
3. Elizabeth Freeman – a slave who sued for freedom in a
Massachusetts’ court and won
4. Richard Allen – a preacher who helped start the Free
African Society and African Methodist church
British Advantages
• Going into the Revolutionary War, the
British had the best military in the world.
• The British had the largest and best navy
in the world.
• The British soldiers were well trained
and well equipped with weapons .
How the Americans Won
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Four advantages the Americans had…
• Better
leadership
• Foreign aid
• Knowledge of
the land
• Better
motivation
How the Americans Won
Better leadership:
After early defeats,
Washington developed
the strategy of dragging
out the war to wear
down the British and
avoiding crushing
defeats.
How the Americans Won
Foreign Aid:
America received loans and military aid
primarily from Britain’s two biggest
enemies, France and Spain. This aid was
essential in
America’s ability
to defeat the
British.
How the Americans Won
Knowledge of the land:
The Americans knew their surroundings
where the fighting took place and used
that knowledge to their
advantage. The
British could control
the coastal cities but
could not extend
their control to the
interior.
How the Americans Won
Better motivation:
The American had more
reasons to fight. Not
only were they fighting
to protect their lives
and their property, they
were fighting for their
freedom and liberty.
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Advantage
Better
Leadership
Washington
developed
new
strategies
Advantage
Advantage
Foreign aid
Knowledge of
The land
Loans/military
aid from
France and
Spain
The Americans
knew their
surroundings
American Victory
Advantage
Better
motivation
Americans
fought for
to protect
their lives &
property
The End of the War
On October 19, 1781, Lord Cornwallis
surrendered to Washington at Yorktown,
effectively
ending the
Revolutionary
War.
The End of the War
In November 1783, the last British
ships and troops left New York City,
and American
troops
marched in.
The End of the War
Weeping,
Washington said
good-bye to his
officers at
Fraunces Tavern
in New York City.
Did you know?
Fraunces Tavern still
stands in NYC and is
still doing business.
One of the first reviews
for Fraunces:
“The most splendid dinner I ever saw, a
profusion of rich dishes.”
- John Adams at Fraunces Tavern, 1774
What advantages enabled the
Americans to win the Revolutionary
War ?
A. Better leadership, better navy, larger army,
knowledge of the land.
B. Better leadership, foreign aid, knowledge of
the land, better motivation.
C. Better leadership, Indian allies, knowledge of
the land, better motivation.
D. Better leadership, larger army, knowledge of
the land, better motivation.
What advantages did the British
have entering the war against the
American colonies?
A. world’s best army, world’s best navy, better
trained, better equipped with weapons.
B. world’s best army, world’s best navy, better
chocolate, better supplied.
C. world’s best army, world’s best navy, better
financed, better leadership.
D. world’s best army, world’s best navy, better
leadership, better maps.
The Treaty of Paris
The Treaty of Paris of 1783, was the official
document drawn up between the American
colonies and Great Britain ending the
Revolutionary War. It consisted of six
main conditions.
The Treaty of Paris (copy these into
your chart)
1. Britain would recognize the United
States as a free and independent nation.
The boundaries were to be
the Mississippi River to
the west, Canada to the
north, and Spanish Florida
to the south.
The Treaty of Paris
2. Britain would have to surrender
its forts between the Ohio River
and the Great Lakes.
The Treaty of Paris
3. The United States would receive the
right to fish in the Atlantic Ocean off
Canada’s coast.
The Treaty of Paris
4. Each side would repay its debt to
the other.
The Treaty of Paris
5. The British would return any
slaves they had captured.
The Treaty of Paris
6. Congress would tell the states to
return property they had seized
from Loyalists.
War
Britain would recognize the
United States as a free and
independent nation.
Britain would surrender its forts
between the Ohio River and
the Great Lakes
The United States would
receive right to fish in the
Atlantic Ocean off Canada’s
coast.
Each side would repay its
debt to the other.
The British would return any
slaves they had captured
States to return property
they had seized from
Loyalists
The Treaty of Paris of 1783
Neither side lived up to the treaty.
Americans did
not repay
prewar debts to
British
merchants or
return Loyalist
property.
The British
did not return
slaves, and
did not give
up forts in
the Great
Lakes area
The Cost of the War
No one knows exactly how many lives
were lost during the eight year war. The
British had an estimated 10,000 deaths.
The American
estimates are
25,000 killed.
1400 missing
and 8200
wounded.
The Cost of the War
• Many soldiers who
survived the war left the
army with no money.
• Most received little or
no pay for their service.
• Some were given
government land grants in
the west. Many sold the
grants to purchase food
and basic necessities.
The Cost of the War
• Both the Congress and the individual
states had borrowed money to finance
the conflict.
• Some of the money had been borrowed
from foreign countries, and the rest
from private citizens.
• The war left the
nation with a debt
of about $27
million.
The Cost of the War
• Thousands of
Loyalists lost their
land and personal
property.
• Between 60,000 and
100,000 Loyalists
left the United
States.
The Cost of the War
• Most Loyalists went to Canada where
they created new towns and new
provinces.
• They also brought English traditions to
areas that had
originally been
settled by
French
colonists.
Terms of the Treaty
of Paris
Costs of the War
Many soldiers returned
home without pay and
in debt.
Congress had a debt of
$27 million in war
expenses to repay
Both the British and
American sides had
thousands of casualties
(deaths)
Thousands of Loyalists lost
their land and personal
property
Issues After the
War
Which one was not a condition of
the Treaty of Paris?
A. The boundaries of the United States would be
the Mississippi River, Canada, and Spanish
Florida.
B. Each side promised to pay its debts
C. Britain would allow runaway slaves to stay in
Britain.
D. Congress would recommend that the states
return properties to Loyalists.
E. Britain would surrender its forts between the
Ohio River and the Great Lakes.
Which of the following were
costs of the war ?
A. Many soldiers returned home without
pay and in debt.
B. Congress had a debt of $27 million
in war expenses to repay.
C. Both the British and American sides
had thousands of casualties (deaths).
D. Thousands of Loyalists lost their
land and personal property.
E. All of the Above
What We Already Know
After defeating the mighty British
military and negotiating the Treaty of
Paris in 1783, American independence
became a reality.
What We Already Know
The American Revolution was not just
a war, but a revolution in ideas about
how government should work for the
people.
What We Already Know
The colonies wanted
independence from
Britain so they could
have a government
that was more just.
What We Already Know
The self–evident truths and unalienable
rights expressed by Thomas Jefferson in
the Declaration of Independence became
the goals of the American Revolution.
Republicanism
Before the war,
Americans had
demanded their rights
as English citizens. But
after declaring their
independence, they
replaced that goal with
the idea of
republicanism.
Republicanism
For this
system to
work,
individuals
would have to
place the good
of the country
above their
own interests.
Republicanism
Republicanism is the idea that instead of
a king, the people would rule. The
government would receive its authority
from the citizens,
who exercise their
power by voting for
political
representatives.
How did Americans’ goals for
government change after declaring
independence?
A. They wanted to set up an effective government
with a strong executive branch.
B. They replaced their demand for rights as
English citizens with the idea of
republicanism.
C. Churches began to receive tax money in some
states.
D. Women demanded the right to vote.
Which of the following describes
republicanism?
A. Individuals should place the good of the
country above their own interests.
B. The people should rule, not a king.
C. Citizens exercise their power by voting for
political representatives.
D. Only people who have wealth or own property
should participate in government.
E. A, B and C Only
Religious Freedom
• As part of their liberty,
Americans called for more
religious freedom.
• Before the war, some
laws discriminated
against certain religions.
• Some states had not
allowed Jews or
Catholics to hold
public office.
Religious Freedom
After the war, states
began to abolish laws
that would discriminate
against certain
religions. States also
ended the practice of
using tax money to
support churches.
Slavery
Many people began to see a conflict
between slavery and the ideal of liberty. The
newly formed state of Vermont, which broke
away from New
York, abolished
slavery outright in
its constitution,
on July 8, 1777.
Slavery
Individual African
Americans also tried to
end slavery. Elizabeth
Freeman sued for her
freedom in a
Massachusetts court
and won. Her victory in
1781 and other similar
cases ended slavery in
that state.
Slavery
With freedom, African
Americans began to form
their own institutions.
Preacher Richard Allen
helped start the Free African
Society which encouraged
African Americans to help each other.
Allen also founded the African Methodist
Episcopal Church, the first AfricanAmerican church in the United States.
World Wide Influence
The American Revolution and our new
form of government influenced people
around the world.
The Declaration of
Independence was
widely circulated
in France, and
helped inspire the
French Revolution
in 1789.
World Wide Influence
Revolutionaries in Latin America began to
rise up against colonial powers in the late
1700s and early 1800s.
By 1830, most of the
former European
colonies in Central
and South America
had won
independence.
Terms of the Treaty
of Paris
Costs of the War
Issues After the
War
Republicanism replaced
demands for rights as
Englishmen
Americans called for more
Religious freedom
Many disagreed with
slavery
Some states abolished
slavery and some African
Americans
sued for their freedom
How did American independence begin
to change life for African Americans?
A. Some states voted to end slavery.
B. Some African Americans were able to win their
freedom in the courts.
C. Churches and other organizations were formed to
help African Americans.
D. Most blacks became landowners & small
businessmen .
E. A, B, & C Only