Transcript 7.2 Spanish-American War

7.2 SpanishAmerican War
Spain’s Empire in 1800’s:
Cuba, Philippines, and Guam
Cuba’s Independence
• Cuba was a colony of Spain and
was mounting a uprising or war
for independence.
• General Wehyler of Spain put
down the uprising
• 300,000 Cubans go into
concentration camps as
punishment
• Rural people had 8 days to move
into fortified cities or be shot
• 400,000 died
• This simply inspired the Cubans
even more to fight for
independence
Cuban Insurgence
Cuba’s Independence
• The U.S. was VERY interested in the uprising
because of the money invested in Cuban railroads
and various plantations.
• These American investments were getting
destroyed by Spanish soldiers.
• Over 200,000 Spanish troops were sent to Cuba to
put down the rebellion.
• The Spanish general in charge was Valeriano
Weyler.
• He quickly earned the nickname “The Butcher”
because of his harsh treatment and policies.
American Involvement and Yellow
Journalism
• The United States was unofficially neutral
in the start of the conflict.
• The New York Journal and the New York
World were spreading lies and half truths
about the Cuban war for independence.
• What led to most Americans supporting
the Cuban rebels was the yellow
journalism.
Yellow Journalism
A type of journalism that distorts and exaggerates the
news to create sensations and attract readers
William Randolph Hearst
New York Journal
vs
Joseph Pulitzer.
New York World
“You furnish the pictures, I’ll furnish the
war.”
William Randolph Hearst
“Yellow Journalists”
What?
•Newspaper created highly
exaggerated stories
Why?
• Make more $ if they keep you
scared and interested
How did it lead to war?
•Made Americans want war!
15
Characteristics of Yellow Journalism
HUGE PRINT
• Headlines in
,
often of minor news
• Many pictures, or imaginary drawings
• use of faked interviews, misleading headlines,
and false information from so-called experts
• dramatic sympathy with the "underdog"
against the system.
• Emotional words and symbols; scare tactics
Does
Yellow
Journalism
Still Exist?
America gets involved
• President McKinley did not want to involve the U.S. in any
war with Spain.
• McKinley sent the U.S. battleship Maine to Havana if any
American citizens were harmed.
• February 15th 1898 the Maine went down in the harbor of
Havana Cuba.
• This would trigger the Spanish American War.
• 266 of the 354 crew died.
• When the Maine was attacked, this signaled war for the
U.S.
U.S.S. Maine
1.What is most
noticeable about the
example?
2. How is this media
making people feel?
3. How would this
influence or change
peoples mind?
The Spanish Perspective
Spanish American War
• On April 23rd, 1898 Spain declared war on the United
States.
• The U.S. had a better Navy plus better trained soldiers
than the Spanish forces.
• On June 14th, 1898 about 17,000 troops landed in
Cuba.
• The one thing America did not do was train troops fast
enough. Many troops got sick in the summer heat
waiting for deployment.
Around the Same Time In
the Pacific Ocean
• Admiral Dewey attacks a Spanish fleet at Manila Bay
in the Philippines
• Taking the Philippines by land we tell the locals we
are there to liberate them from the Spanish
• Dewey travels to Hong Kong to get Emilio
Aguinaldo, and leader of the Phillipino
independence movement
Fighting the Spanish on Opposite Ends of
the Earth
• War on two fronts
Spanish American War
• The Rough Riders were a group of soldiers
that helped to capture San Juan Hill which
ultimately led to the end of the war.
• The commander was Theodore “Teddy”
Roosevelt.
• On December 10th, 1898, the U.S. and
Spain signed the Treaty of Paris.
• This allowed Cuba to become an
independent country.
• The U.S. also gained Spanish territories of
Puerto Rico and Guam.
• The U.S. also agreed to pay $20 million for
the Philippines.
Charge of the Rough Riders up San
Juan Hill
African American soldiers at San Juan Hill
Effects of the Spanish American War
• US becomes an Imperialist Power
• Guam, Puerto Rico, and the Philippines become
colonies of the US (we pay 20 million)
• Cuba gains its independence from Spain, but
becomes a US Protectorate
– US will “protect” and partially control Cuba
• Philippine rebels wanting independence declare
war on US
• War with the Philippines begins!
The Water Cure
"His sufferings must be that of a man
who is drowning, but cannot drown." Lt. Grover Flint, Philippine-American War.
“Civilization
begins at home”
ROOSEVELT’S ARGUEMENTS IN
THE 1900 ELECTION CAMPAIGN:
-- The Philippines are US territory. Can
the US give up its own territory?
-- If whites were “morally bound to
abandon the Philippines, we were also
morally bound to abandon Arizona to
the Apaches.”
-- “The barbarian will only yield to
force.”
Anti-Imperialist
League
Andrew
Carnegie
Mark Twain