Transcript My Abc Book of History!

My Abc Book of History!
Raven Morris
2nd Period
May 17, 2011
Abolitionistspeople who
strongly favored
doing away with
slavery
Abigail Adamsthe 2nd first lady
of the United
states, she
changed many
things in the
White House
African
Americans- most
of them in
America were
slaves and were
treated very badly
Albany Plan of
Union- called for
one general
government in
the original 13
colonies
Benjamin
FranklinFounding Father
of America and
inventor
Boston Massacre- event
where civilians were
attacked by armed British
soldiers, the unofficial
beginning of the
Revolutionary War
Baltimore,
Maryland- place
where Northern
troops were
attacked by a mob
isolating the
capital from the
rest of the North
Bill of Rightsdocument that
guarantees
Americans
individual rights
Charter colonycolony established
by settlers who
were given
written, formal
documents
allowing them to
settle
Clermont- the first
steamboat in the
United States
Civil War- conflict
between
opposing groups
of the same
country
Charles
Cornwallisgeneral of the
British army
during the
American
Revolution
Democratic Partypeople who
supported states’
rights and
mistrusted a
strong central
government
Daughters of Liberty- group of
women that advised
Americans to make their own
clothing and produce their
own goods so they would be
more independent
Declaratory Actstated that
Parliament had
the right to make
decisions for the
British colonies
Declaration of
Independencedeclared that the
United States was
an independent
country
Eighth
Amendment- said
that excessive bail
and cruel and
unusual
punishment could
not be imposed
English Bill of
Rights- influenced
the creation of
the American Bill
of Rights
Enlightment- the
spread that
knowledge,
reason, and
science could
improve society
Electoral Collegea special group of
elected officials
who vote for
president and vice
president
Federalists
Papers- series of
essays explaining
and defending the
Constitution;
written by John
Jay, James
Madison, and
Alexander
Hamilton
Fort Sumpter- the
sight of the first
battle of the
American Civil
War
Free African
Society- free
African Americans
had their own
churches,
institutions, and
social-aid
societies
Fourth
Amendment- the
right to not have
people search you
or your
belongings
without a warrant
Gadsden
Purchase- strip of
land along the
southern edge of
Arizona and New
Mexico,
purchased from
Mexico
Guerilla warfaretactics used to
sneak attack
British during the
American
Revolution
Gettysburg
Address- given by
President Lincoln
concerning the
unity of the
Confederate and
Union states
Gibbons v. Ogdencase where the
court held that
federal law takes
precedence over
state law and
interstate
transportation
Homestead Actgave 160 free
acres of land to
any settlers who
paid a filing fee
and lived on the
for five years
Harvard Collegethe first college
founded in the
United States
Henry Hudsonexplored America
and discover what
is now called the
Hudson River and
Hudson Bay
House of
Burgesses- the
first
representative
government in
the United States
Indian Removal
Act- act where the
federal
government paid
Native Americans
to move off their
land and further
west
Indian Territoryarea in presentday Oklahoma for
Native Americans
living in the
south-east
Industrial
Revolutionperiod of time
when factories
and
manufacturing
became a huge
part of the
American way of
life
Intolerable Actsclosed Boston
Harbor until
money could be
paid back for the
tea destroyed in
the Boston Tea
Party
John Paul Jonesthe creator of the
navy
Jamestown,
Virginia- first
permanent
English settlement
in America
John Jay- chief
justice of the
Supreme Court
during
Washington’s
presidency
Judiciary Act of
1801- set up
regional courts in
the United States
with 16 judges
and many other
judicial officials
Kansas- Nebraska
Act- said that
Kansas and
Nebraska could be
territories and
would decide
whether to be
free or not by
voting
Know-Nothing Partypolitical party that called for
stricter citizenship laws that
extended the immigrants’
waiting period from 5 to 21
years, and they wanted to
ban foreign-born citizens
from holding office
Kentucky and
Virginia
Resolutions- said
that the Alien and
Sedition Acts
could not be put
into action
because they
violated the
Constitution
Ku Klux Klangroups of whites
who hated blacks
Land of Law of
1851- set up a
group of
people to
review the
Californios
land rights
Lexington,
Massachusetts- sight
of the first battle the
revolutionary war
Lewis and Clark
expedition- explored
the western lands of
America
The Liberator- a book
written by William
Lloyd Garrison
concerning slavery
Magna Carta- placed
limits on the power of
the monarch
Mason-Dixon Lineline set up to separate
Charles Mason’s land
from Jeremiah Dixon’s
McCulloch v.
Maryland- held that
Congress can do more
than the Constitution
expressly authorizes it
to
Mayflower Compactthe first colonial
government
Ninth amendmentsays that we have
certain rights
guaranteed to us
through the
Constitution
Nullification Act- said
that South Carolina
would not pay the
“illegal” tariffs of 1828
and 1832
Norfolk, Virginiaplace where
Confederate soldiers
seized the naval
shipyard during the
Civil War
New Jersey Plan- kept
the Confederation’s
one-house legislature
with one vote for each
state
Ordinance of 1785Congress created a
system of surveying
and selling land
Ohio River Valley- area
of land that started
the rivalry between
England and France
Olive Branch Petitionpetition that assured
the King George III of
the colonists’ desire
for peace; he ignored
it though
Oregon Trail- path to
Oregon from Missouri
Popular sovereigntypolitical theory that
government is subject
to the will of the
people
Philadelphia,
Pennsylvania- sight of
the Constitutional
Conventions and
signing of the
Constitution
Parliament- the British
government
Patrick Henry- person
who persuaded the
Burgesses to take
action against the
Stamp Act
Quebec Act- act that
set up a permanent
government for
Quebec and granted
religious freedom to
French and Catholics
Quakers- Protestant
group of citizens that
opposed slavery
Quadruple Alliancegroup of four
countries; Russia,
Prussia, France, and
Austria; that Spain
asked to help them
with its fight against
South America
Quartering of troopsthe right that British
troops had to live in
any colonial home
they wanted to
Republic of Texasarea of land
purchased from
Reconstructionperiod of time after
the Civil War when
the South had to be
rebuilt
Richmond, Virginiasight where the North
planned to attack
Confederate forces
Revolutionary Warthe war where
America fought for
independence from
Britain and other
countries
Sedition Act- act to
try and weaken the
established
government
Shay’s Rebellion- event
where Daniel Shays and
a group of 1,000
farmers got guns and
ammunition from an
arsenal and attacked
rebels because of the
new government
Stamp Act- tax on all
paper goods
Sugar Act- lowered the
tax on molasses
imported by colonists
Three-Fifths
Compromise- counted
every slave as threefifths of a person in the
census
Treaty of Ghent- treaty
that ended the
Revolutionary War
Tea Act- act passed to
help the British East
India Company by
giving them the right to
ship tea without paying
the taxes
Trail of Tears- extremely
difficult journey that
the Cherokee Indians
took to the western
territory
Underground Railroadseries of paths used to
help thousands of
slaves escape slavery
Union- the Northern
states during the time
of the Civil War
Utopia- the idea of a
perfect society
Uncle Tom’s Cabinbook written by Harriet
Beecher Stowe
concerning the
harshness of slavery
Vicksburg, Mississippithe sight of one of the
battles of the Civil War
Martin Van Bureneighth president of the
United States
Virginia- Union warship
destroyed by
Confederates, rebuilt,
and covered with iron
Virginia Plan- plan that
called for a two house
legislature, a chief
elected by the
legislature, and a court
system
War Hawks- people
who pressured
President Madison to
declare war against
Britain
William Lloyd Garrisonfamous abolitionist who
worked hard to end
slavery
Whiskey Rebellionarmed protest where
farmers opposed the
tax on whiskey
Writs of assistanceallowed customs
officers to enter any
location in search of
smuggled goods
XYZ Affair- when John
Adams wanted to avoid
war with France, he
arranged a meeting
with the foreign
minister, but instead of
sending someone to
meet with Adams, he
sent three agents who
demanded a bribe, John
Adams labeled them X,
Y, and Z.
Yorktown, Virginia- sight
of the last battle of the
American Revolution
Brigham Young- head of
the Mormons in 1844
John Peter Zenger- man
who faced charges of
libel for printing a
critical report about the
royal governor of New
York