Transcript chapter 31 - millersocialstudies

CHAPTER 31
CAUSES OF WORLD WAR I
• LUSITANIA SINKS
• GERMAN U-BOAT ATTACKS
• ZIMMERMAN TELEGRAM
U.S and the War in Europe
• U.S. was making money from war production
• Trade between Germany and America had
been cut due to British trade rules
• German naval improvements brought new
international laws to submarine warfare
• Wilson took a pacifist approach to the
Lusitania incident.
Wilson’s reaction
• After Wilson gave his speech about the nature
of the war in Europe, Germany announced an
“unrestricted submarine warfare” tactic.
• Wilson then broke diplomatic ties with
Germany and asked Congress to allow
armament of U.S. merchant ships
Zimmerman Note
• March 1st, 1917- Zimmerman telegram was
intercepted
• Germany proposed an alliance with Mexico
• Vowed to return Texas, New Mexico and
Arizona to Mexico if they teamed up with
Germany against the U.S.
Retaliate or Resume?
• The U.S. was being scolded by citizens for not
fighting back against the blatant provocation of
Germany
• Russian revolution broke the tsarist regime and
allowed the U.S. to fight alongside the Allied
forces for democracy without being affiliated
with a fascist government
• Wilson realized he no longer could reap the
benefits of profitable, neutral trade during a time
of war
Wilson’s Fourteen Points
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Abolish secret treaties
Freedom of the seas
Remove economic barriers among nations
Reduce armament
Adjust colonial claims
*Remaining points illustrated ideas on “selfdetermination” for minority groups*
-Last point was a foreshadowing for Wilson’s
League of Nations
Wilson’s Intentions
• Guarantee political independence and territorial
integrity for all countries
Task: GAIN SUPPORT FOR THE WAR EFFORT
Committee of Public Information: George Creel
- “sell” the idea of American war interest and
Wilson’s aims to the public
- 75,000 men distributed the message across the
country delivering “pep talks” to citizens
War Propaganda
Domestic Issues
• Labor Unions & Strikes
• Race Riots
• Suffrage
Espionage Act of 1917
• Prohibited any attempt to interfere with any
military operation, promote insubordination,
support U.S. enemies during wartime or interfere
with military recruitment
• Those convicted under its provisions stated that
their 1st amendment civil liberty was violated
• Schenck vs. United States Supreme Court decision
ruled in the laws favor stating such speech
creates a “clear and present danger” to the safety
of the United States
Sedition Act of 1918
• Forbade the use of “disloyal, profane,
scurrilous, or abusive language” about the
United States government
• Essentially, if anyone was caught saying
anything that put a negative light on the
United States, armed forces or war effort they
were to be incarcerated.
Labor Union Organizations
• IWW or “Wobblies” were a radical labor union
organization led by William Haywood who
opposed the war effort and known for their
industrial sabotage tactics
• American Federation of Labor (AFL) leader
Samuel Gompers represented his labor
organization and supported the war effort
• Eugene Debs was convicted under the Sedition
Act and sentence to ten years in prison
Strikes - 1919
• Pittsburgh, PA.
• Steel Workers go on strike
• Workers resisted the unionization of the steel
industry
• Police forced to break up the strikes on the
streets and restore order
Chicago Race Riots 1919
• Labor unions on strike in Chicago
• Many industries call upon African American
workers to come into the factories so
production would continue
• Integration of beaches and rather tensions
caused the death of a young African American
man which spurred the Chicago Race Riots of
1919