Transcript The Presidency of James Monroe (1817

An “Era of Good Feelings”





Served with
Washington at Trenton
Governor of Virginia
Member of Articles of
Confederation
Congress
Minister to England,
France, and Spain
Secretary of State and
War



Not an Original or
deep thinker
Considered highly
honorable and
ethical
Last of the Virginia
Dynasty and “Knee
Britches” Presidents



Era of Good Feelings label comes victory in
war, bipartisan bitterness subsides, national
pride
Ran unopposed in 1820 and got all but 4
electoral votes
Balanced Cabinet:
◦ John Quincy Adams (northerner) Sec. of State
◦ John C. Calhoun(southerner) Sec of War
SECTION 1
The Rise of Nationalism
Question:
How did the United States
settle its land disputes
with Great Britain and
Spain?
SECTION 1
The Rise of Nationalism
Compromise with Great Britain
Compromise with Spain
Rush-Bagot Agreement Terms:
Adams-Onis Treaty Terms:
• limited naval power on the Great
Lakes
• Spain gave Florida to the
United States.
Convention of 1818 Terms:
• The United States gave up claims
to present-day Texas.
• gave the United States fishing
rights off parts of Newfoundland
and Labrador coasts
• established a border between
the United States and Canada
at the 49th parallel, as far west
as the Rockies
• agreed to joint occupation of the
Pacific Northwest
• United States took responsibility
for up to $5 million of United
States citizens’ claims against
Spain.





settled a border dispute in North America
between the U.S. and Spain.
Spain ceded Florida
U. S. assumed claims of its citizens against
Spain up to $5 million
U. S. relinquished claims to Texas
Southern boundary of Louisiana Purchase
clarified





Prussia, Austria, and Russia formed an
alliance to defend monarchism. Sights set on
South America
Latin American/Mexican Revolutions
British Interests-would cut their trade w/the
region
Delivered in state of union address
Authored by John Q. Adams




The United States would not interfere in the affairs of
European nations.
The United States would recognize, and not interfere with,
countries that already existed in the Americas.
The Western Hemisphere was off-limits to colonization by
any foreign power.
The United States would consider any attempt by a European
power to colonize or interfere in the Western Hemisphere a
hostile act.




It was not a law
It was not meant to bind future Presidents
It was “merely a lecture” says John Adams
It was not called the Monroe Doctrine until
the 1850’s
THE COMPROMISE YEARS
1820-1854
The Missouri Compromise of 1820
In 1819, Missouri wanted to
enter the Union. However,
there were already 11 f____
states and 11 s_____ states.
Why did Missouri create a
problem?



Alabama and Illinois had
just been admitted to
Union
James Tallmadge of NY
proposed that Mo should
alter its constitution to
be a free state
Objection to 3/5 clause




an agreement to count three-fifths of
a state's slaves in apportioning
Representatives, Presidential
electors, and direct taxes.

Henry Clay brokered two
compromises
Thomas Amendment of
36-30
“Firebell in the Night”
In an April 21 letter to John
Holmes, Thom. Jefferson wrote
that the division of the country
created by the Compromise
line would eventually lead to
the destruction of the Union
Difficulty of slavery as an
issue in national politics




Missouri - applied for
statehood in 1819
Balance of free and
slave states in question
Tallmadge Amendment
- limited attempt ot
eliminate slaver in MO
- angered southern
states
Henry Clay (Kentucky)
proposed a
compromise:




1. MO Admitted as
a slaveholding state
2. Maine Admitted
as a free state
Louisiana Territory
- north of 36˚ 30’
N - slavery
prohibited
Monroe signed in
1820
THE COMPROMISE YEARS 1820-1854
The Missouri Compromise of 1820
Problem #1: If Missouri joined the Union as a _____ state, the South
would have ___ senators and the North would only have only ___
senators.
11 northern states =___
senators (Each state has two
senators)
12 southern
states=___ senators



Improved Relations with Great Britain
Florida Acquisition
Monroe Doctrine



Transition from Virginia Dynasty to
Tempestuous Politics of 2d Party System
Challenge of slavery issue
Territorial Expansion