Transcript The Cold War expands

Were the methods used by the
U.S to contain communism
justified ?
Mission 1
Berlin Blockade – 1948 , Soviet Union
set up a blockade around Berlin to
force Allies to give up plans for a West
German nation.
Berlin Air Lift – President Truman drops
supplies into Berlin to break the
Blockade.
NATO – Military alliance in which allied
nations agreed to come to each other’s
defense in case of a Soviet Attack
Why
did
Stalin place a
blockade
around
Berlin?
How
did Truman
respond to
Stalin’s
Blockade?
Why
was it
considered a
success?
 1948
 Stalin
uses troops to help communists
seize control (coup d’etat)
 Rights suppressed (freedom of press,
speech)
 Private farm land taken and given to the
state
 NATO is formed
 What
nations made up NATO?
 How did the Soviet’s respond to NATO?
North Atlantic Treaty Organization
What
did the
people in
Hungary revolt
against in 1956?
Why were the
people of
Hungary upset
with the U.S?
 Were
the strategies of providing aid,
forming alliances, and doing nothing in
an attempt to contain Communism in
Europe successful during these years?
Why or why not?
 Do
you agree or disagree with the
United States’ decision to not help the
people of Czechoslovakia and Hungary
resist Communism? Why
Mission 2
Mao
Zedong –Communist leader
of China
Korean War – (1950) North
Korean Communists invaded
South Korea The U.S helped
defend the south but after the
war Korea remained divided at
the 38th Parallel.

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
Mao Zedong led a
communist revolt of
China in 1949
U.S was concerned that
the China and the Soviet
Union would form an
alliance
U.S lifted restrictions on
Japan
U.S cut off trade with
China
Some favored good
relations with China to
weaken the Soviet Union

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

Communists took over
power in North Korea
after WWII
Korean War began when
the north invaded the
south in 1950
Douglas MacArthur led
U.S troops
Wanted to blockade
China and bomb them
for helping the North
54,000 U.S soldiers died
Divided into communist
north and noncommunist south

38th Parallel and the
Demilitarized zone
General MacArthur
Were the strategies of using military
force and providing and withholding
aid successful in containing
Communism in Asia? Explain why or
why not.

Mission 3
 Third World
– U.S and Soviet Union tried
to aid developing nations in Latin
America, Africa, and Asia in an attempt to
spread their influence
 Covert Action–secret political, economic,
and military operations by the CIA to
contain Communism
 Third World
Nations
were poor
developing nations
in Latin America,
Africa and Asia.
 The U.S and U.S.S.R
competed to win
their support
Propaganda took many
forms from books,
news articles , films,
and radio broadcasts.
 USIA beamed pro-U.S
broadcasts to the
Soviet Bloc
 CIA funded Radio Free
Europe and Radio
Liberty
 Staff members were
from E. Europe and
Russia.

 Truman
feared that people who were
frustrated and disappointed due to
poverty would turn to communism for
support
 U.S provided funds for farming, health
care and military aid
 Some dictators were given aid and used
it to oppress their people which created
anti-american sentiment

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
Egyptian leader Bamal
Abdul Nasser brought tanks
and weapons from the
Czechs.
U.S and England stopped
financing the Aswan Dam on
the Nile River
Egypt seized control of the
Suez Canal from England
leading to an invasion by
England and Israel.
Soviet’s threatened to back
up Egypt with force
U.S convinced both sides to
withdraw.
What
covert
methods did
both sides
utilize?

 Wiretapping
 Satellite
photo
 U-2 Flights
 Bribery
 Remove or elect anticommunist leaders
 Assassination
 Why
did the CIA
overthrow the
President of
Guatemala?
 Why
were the people
of Guatemala angry
with the government
the U.S put in place?
 Voters
in 1962 elected Juan Bosch
president
 Military Coup took him out of office
 Communist supporters tried to return
him to power
 U.S troops sent in to crush the revolt.

Were the strategies of employing the
CIA for covert actions or spreading
propaganda effective in containing
Communism around the world? Why or
why not.
 Were
the strategies of providing or
withholding aid successful in containing
Communism around the world? Why or
why not.
 Brinkmanship
– U.S foreign policy that
involved going to the brink of war in
order to contain Communism
 Deterrence – developing a weapon
arsenal so deadly that the Soviet’s would
not dare attack
 Arms Race – competition to achieve
weapons superiority
 ICBM’s – intercontinental Ballistic
Missiles
 Hydrogen
Bomb
 1952
 500
times more
powerful
 1953 – Soviet’s tested
one
 1960
 Nuclear War
Heads
 Intercontinental
ballistic Missiles
 Nuclear Power
Submarines (16
missiles)
 John
Foster Dulles
 Go to the edge or
brink of war
 Soviet’s had to
believe that the U.S
would use their nukes
if pushed to far
 Be ready to go to war
to keep peace
 Zedong
ordered
Chinese troops to fire
on Taiwanese lands of
Quemoy and Matsu
 Prepare for invasion
 U.S threatened
nuclear attack on
China
 China backed off
Why
has MADD
been an
effective
strategy?
What has the
downside been
with this
strategy?
 Why
do many feel that MADD is an
ineffective strategy today ?
Did
the United States employ
different strategies in
different parts of the world? If
so, give an example.

In what parts of the world was
the United States most
successful in fighting the
spread of communism? Least
successful?
A) Do nothing
B) Employ the CIA for covert actions or
spreading propaganda.
C) Use of military force.
D) Form alliances for collective security or
other purposes.
E) Provides or withholds aid.
F) Use the threat of a nuclear attack as a
deterrent.
What
strategies did the U.S
employ to contain
communism? Provide specific
examples of these strategies
and explain whether or not
these were they effective