Transcript Immigration
I. Waves of
Immigrants
to the United
States
A. New Americans
More than 4 million
people immigrated to
the United States
between 1840 and 1860
About 3 million were
German or Irish
B. Irish Immigrants
Left Ireland because
of potato famine
Most were very poor
Most were Catholic
Most settled near cities
Women typically worked
as domestic servants
Men usually worked as
unskilled labor
C. German Immigrants
Emigrated from Germany for
political reasons
Many had nothing upon arrival
Included Catholics, Jews and
Protestants
Most settled in rural Midwestern
states in order to farm
II. The Nativist
Response
A. Native-born Americans
Feared losing jobs to
immigrants who worked
for lower wages
Were typically Protestants
who distrusted Catholics
Nativists—Americans who
opposed immigration
B. Know-Nothing Party
A secret society formed in
1849
Wanted to keep immigrants
and Catholics from holding
political office
Wanted a 21 year residency
requirement for citizenship
III. The Growth
of Cities in the
United States
A. Growth
Many new jobs created by the
industrial revolution
Rural Americans drawn to
cities in search of employment
Transportation Revolution
facilitated access to cities
B. Life in the City
Cities offered
entertainment and
cultural activities
Cities were noisy and
overcrowded
IV. Urban
Problems
A. Rapid Growth led to
Overcrowded Cities
B. Living Conditions
Some people lived in dirty
overcrowded buildings
called tenements
The overcrowding and filth
led to disease
Cities became centers of
crime