Transcript “TRAINING FOR CERTAINTY AND

AUSA Panel V
“TRAINING FOR CERTAINTY
AND
EDUCATING FOR UNCERTAINTY”
Panel Members
Panel Member
Position
Topic
Mr. Maxie McFarland
TRADOC Deputy Chief of
Staff for Intelligence
COE & Lessons Learned
MG Barbara Fast
CG, United States Army Intel
Center & Ft. Huachuca
Changes to Education –
Cultural Awareness
CSM John Sparks
TRADOC CSM
Changes in Education –
NCOES/IET
BGen Melvin Spiese
CG, Training Command,
Joint Perspective –
DCG, Training and Education USMC Adaptations to
Command, USMC
Training and Leader
Development
BG Mike Barbero
CG, JRTC & Ft. Polk
Collective Training –
Changes and Replicating
COE
LTC Steve Bullimore
OIF II BN CDR
Warfighter Perspective –
Leader tools required
“TRAINING FOR CERTAINTY, EDUCATING FOR UNCERTAINTY”
Context
• Nation at war
• Adaptive, asymmetric threat
• Protracted, full spectrum
conflict
• Tactical missions with strategic
implications
• Cultural awareness impacts military
operations
• Soldiers deploy shortly after arrival
at first unit
“TRAINING FOR CERTAINTY, EDUCATING FOR UNCERTAINTY”
Desired Skill Set of an Adaptive,
Self Aware Leader
• Comfortable with being uncomfortable
• Adept at handling massive amounts of
information
• Possesses technical savvy
• Able to devise creative solutions
to complex challenges - thinkers
• Able to interact with indigenous
populations
• Understands 2nd and 3rd order
effects of actions – have global implications
• Imbues Warrior Ethos – commands
trust and confidence of Soldiers…
“TRAINING FOR CERTAINTY, EDUCATING FOR UNCERTAINTY”
TRADOC Panel V
Objectives
• Educate audiences about how the Army is adapting training
and leader development and education programs to ensure
Soldiers are prepared for the complex, uncertain, challenging
environments of current and future battlefields.
• Provide diverse perspectives on anticipated requirements,
resources, and challenges the Army faces in training and
education.
• Stimulate creative thought and innovative approaches to
training and education for the future
“TRAINING FOR CERTAINTY, EDUCATING FOR UNCERTAINTY”
Association of the United States Army
2005 Conference
Mr. Maxie L. McFarland
Deputy Chief of Staff for Intelligence
United States Army Training and Doctrine Command
Globalization
Commercialization
of Space
Friction between
Cultures
Technology Proliferation
Competition for
Natural Resources
International Crime Gangs & Drugs
Population and
Economic
Imbalance
RELATIVE CERTAINTIES
KEY UNCERTAINTIES
•Some number of states will
fail
• Which ones?
• Where and to what degree?
• Conflict between states will
continue
• U.S. will remain dominant
global power
•U.S. will remain globally
engaged
• Extremism will exist
THERE WILL BE CONFLICT !
WHERE? WHEN? WHO?
• Anti U.S. alliances and/or
coalitions - Emerging
regional powers
•Engaged where?, with
whom?
• Global terrorism – rogue
state – transnational
organizations
FUTURE OPERATIONAL ENVIRONMENT WILL BE
CHARACTERIZED BY:
• Situations that are volatile, complex, uncertain and continuously changing.
• Threats that are combinations of traditional, irregular, unconventional and
non-military.
• Environments that are urban, culturally diverse and governmentally
fractured.
• Capabilities that are combinations of advanced, modern and low
technologies.
• Tactics, methods and end states completely asymmetric to those of the
United States.
Relative Certainties for
Training
• Full spectrum problems on every
mission
• Dynamic change in tactics and
technology during operations
• Integration of coalition, allied and
partner forces
• Modular, adaptive capabilities for
missions
• Human dimension (culture) a factor
in all operations
Educate for Uncertainties…
…So that US Leaders are competent
to:
• Operate and function with different
cultures
• Understand, leverage and apply new
technology
• Swiftly adapt to changing situations
• Create conditions for decisive conclusion
and stability
Cultural
Awareness
MG Barbara G. Fast
Commander
United States Army Intelligence Center
If you don’t know the Culture, You’ll never win the
game!!
Cultural Awareness Defined
Cultural Awareness is possessing an understanding, sensitivity, and
appreciation of the history, values, experiences, behaviors, interactions,
affective understanding and lifestyles of groups that include, but, are not
limited to: Race, Ethnicity, Gender, Sexual Orientation, Religious Affiliation,
Socio-economic Status and Mental/Physical Abilities.
Colorado State University Research Center
“Culture is the ‘human terrain’ of warfare. Human terrain is key terrain.”
MG(Ret) Geoffrey Lambert
Integrating Culture into Operations
Cultural Intelligence
+PLUS
Advanced Training
+PLUS
Specific Training
+PLUS
“How and Why”
Competence
Decision Makers
Understanding
Key Personnel
Awareness
Focused or Pre-Deployment
Consideration
All personnel
(Extract from “Through the Lens of Cultural Awareness”, LTC Wunderle, CGSC April 2005)
Professional Military Education Goals
Soldiers and Leaders who understand and can apply cultural knowledge
to enhance and improve the accomplishment of their military missions.
I. Culture: understand the basic factors (beliefs, values, behaviors and norms)
that comprise the key elements of any culture.
II. American Culture: understand the basic factors (beliefs, values, behaviors
and norms) that comprise the key elements of American culture, and how these
factors/biases impact how other cultures are viewed/perceived.
III. COE Culture: understand the basic factors (beliefs, values, behaviors and
norms) that comprise the key elements of the COE culture.
IV. Impact of Cultural Knowledge on Military Operations: the ability of
Soldiers/Leaders to apply their understanding of the COE culture to the
successful accomplishment of their military operations.
Cultural Awareness Initiative
Goal: Establish the Fort Huachuca Cultural Center of Excellence
Build a center of applied cross-cultural training, education, applied research, and
dissemination at Fort Huachuca
Forefront of applied research and development of training materials for cultures
around the world
Collaborative team (Army, DOD, university faculty, and other
government agencies)
Consists of institutional training, training the force, training the trainer and distance
learning
Closing Thoughts
The “So What” of Cultural Awareness
NOT JUST FOR KNOWLEDGE !!!
To Facilitate application Soldiers and Leaders must :
Understand impacts of religion on how they act
Understand impacts of geography on how they act and think
Understand what may insult /offend them
Understand what is important to them
Understand the dangers of stereotyping and other biases
Understand how they (Indigenous Persons and Coalition Partners) think
Understand social relationships and structure impacts the way they think or act
Understand historical events and how they impact behaviors, beliefs and
relationships
Understand how to communicate with Coalition Partners and Indigenous Persons
Understand Cultural Awareness impact on Battle Command
And then act to apply all of the above in the decisions and actions they take
to accomplish their missions.
IET & NCOES
Supporting an Army at War
Agenda
 Need to Transform Initial Entry Training (IET)
 Current Warrior Tasks & Battle Drills (WTBD)
Training in IET
 NCOES Transformation
Transforming IET
 Feed-back from OIF/OEF
 CSA directed A-Z review of IET
 WTBD recommendations & implementation
Relevance and Rigor
Weapons Training
- Weapons Immersion
- Increased tactical training
-
Current WTBD
in Initial Entry Training
 Challenges to Implementing WTBD
 Resources
 Cadre
 Ranges
 Weapons Immersion in AIT
 Transforming Forward
 Implementation of Weapons Immersion in AIT units
 TRADOC & field commanders continue to evaluate how
Soldiers are prepared to conduct future combat operations
Initial POI Revision
9 Week (Resourced)
39 & 9
First Aid
Combatives
Commo
NBC
Bayonet
Law of War/ROE
STX
Guard Duty
Land Nav
Checkpoint
Operations
Patriot
FTX-1
BRM
FTX-2
ARM
Machine
Quickfire Guns
Grenades
Gunfighter
Application of BCT Pilot Lessons
 Limited reinforcement time for DS
 3 FTXs; final FTX about right length
 STX validation at end of each phase
 Most days very intense for cadre/DS
 Less time for COE training/immersion
 Warrior Tasks and Drills focus of POI
 Individual tasks trained in collective
setting
 After Day 5; 9 POI hours/day
STX
STX
Convoy &
Defensive
Operations
Basic
Tactics
Squad EXEVAL
IED/Mines Urban
Warrior Opns
Drills
Warrior
FTX-3
Skill
Validation
Educating NCOs
NCOES must balance the needs of the current and future force
 Focus on leading and warfighting - today
 Develop innovative leaders capable of leading in uncertain
and complex environments
 Technical expertise must exist inside a warrior-first
mentality
 Reinforce the foundation of ethical decision making and
Army values
 Instruction that trains leaders for next job and prepare them
for future responsibilities
NCOES Transformation Strategy
 Develop Train-Ahead concept (facilitates Life Long
Learning with guided self development)
 Reduce resident course lengths across NCOES without degradation of learning outcome (supports
Modular Force/ARFORGEN)
 Expand experiential learning with increased situational
awareness (Agile Leaders, COE, cultural awareness,
lessons learned, and conceptual learning)
Marine Corps Adaptations
to
Training & Leadership
Development
BGen M. G. Spiese
CG, Training Command
LEADER DEVELOPMENT
ENLISTED
ENLISTED PME
MCRD
SCHOOL
INITIAL
CPL | SGT | SSGT | GYSGT | 1st SGT
RECRUIT
OF
MOS
TRAINING INFANTRY TRAINING SKILL PROGRESSION BY GRADE/MOS
OFFICER
THE
BASIC
SCHOOL
EXPEDITIONARY
WARFARE SCHOOL
MOS
E
TRAINING
US ARMY
CAREER LEVEL SCHOOL
COMMAND
AND
WAR
STAFF
COLLEGES
COLLEGES
MAGTF Training
Command
Surr. MEB Staff
Predepl. Trng
Developing the 21st Century Leader
Leadership &
Mentorship
(Lejeune
Leadership
Institute)
EPME/T –
Restructure
Entirely
TECOEs
Functional
Responsibilities
Throughout
TECOM
Pvt /
2ndLt
Sgts
Course
Sgt
Corporals
Course
Cpl
Career
Course
SSgt
Lieutenant
Entry
Level
Adv
Course Seminar
GySgt 1stSgt-MSgt
Captain
Major
Symposium
SgtMajMGySgt
LtCol & Col
Unit Training
Professional Military
Education/Training
Skill
Progression
Common Combat Skills Training
OCS
OCS/TBS
Officer PME/T
Cultural
Training
Throughout
TECOM
TBS
WOBC
EWS
EWS OFEC
(BATTLE
CAPT)
CSC
SAW
MC Center for
Lessons Learned
(Forcing Function
For Change)
ROAD MAPS
TLS
Gen
JNTC
JPME
(JKDDC)
GOWP