Transcript File

Antebellum Time period
States Rights
Georgia Platform
Missouri
Compromise
Abraham Lincoln
Elected President
Kansas
Nebraska Act
Bleeding
Kansas
Georgia
Secedes
Crawford W.
Long
Compromise of
1850
Nullification
Slavery
Dred Scott
Decision
South Carolina
Secedes
Antebellum Time Period
• The Antebellum time period lasts from the
end of Westward Movement to the
beginning of the Civil War.
• 1840-1861
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Slavery
•
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Southern states wanted slavery.
The South considered slavery an integral
part of their economy, without it their
cotton based economy would collapse
• Northern states wanted to abolish slavery
• The Northern economy was diverse, it
included most of the U.S. manufacturing
and had a diverse agricultural economy
which did not rely on slavery.
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States Rights
• Southern states supported state’s rights
allowing states to rule themselves.
• Northern states believed in a strong
national government.
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Nullification
• Southern states believed that states could
“nullify” or declare invalid, any law they
deemed unconstitutional.
• 1832 Ordinance of Nullification Passed
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Missouri Compromise
• The Missouri Compromise of 1820
admitted Missouri as slave state.
• The compromise admitted Maine as a free
state.
• The compromise prohibited slavery north
of the 36 degree 30 minute latitude line.
• This agreement kept the balance of power
between free and slave states in the
Senate
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Crawford W. Long
• 1842, Dr. Crawford W. Long first uses ether as an
anesthetic during an operation to remove a tumor from
the back of James Venable.
• Ether is an anesthetic that puts people to sleep and
allows them to wake up; an analgesic that stops pain; an
amnesic so people do not remember the pain; and a
muscle relaxant that makes a surgeon’s work easier.
• However surgical incisions opened bodies to infection,
and early hospitals were not very clean and many
patients got infections. But by the late 1800s, germs
were understood and hospitals became health care
centers with sterile operating rooms.
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Compromise of 1854
• The Compromise of 1850 occurred when
California entered the US as a free state thus
upsetting the balance of free and slave states.
• Henry Clay convinced both sides to compromise
by giving concessions to both the North and
South.
• The Fugitive Slave Act was passed
• Prohibition of the slave trade in Washington D.C.
• People were still allowed to own slaves in
Washington D.C.
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Georgia Platform
• The Georgia Platform, adopted in 1850, showed
Georgians support of the Compromise of 1850.
• In effect, the proclamation accepted the
measures of the compromise so long as the
North complied with the Fugitive Slave Act and
would no longer attempt to ban the expansion of
slavery into new territories and states.
• Northern contempt for these conditions, the
platform warned, would make secession
inevitable.
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Kansas Nebraska Act
• In 1854, the Kansas-Nebraska Act allowed for
popular sovereignty.
• Popular sovereignty gave territories the right to
allow citizens to vote on the issue of slavery
upon becoming a state.
• Passage of the act led to the formation of the
Republican Party as a political organization
opposed to the expansion of slavery to any U.S.
territory.
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Bleeding Kansas
• Bleeding Kansas refers to the time between
1854-58 when the Kansas territory was the site
of much violence over whether the territory
would be free or slave.
• Violent clashes occurred, especially once
"border ruffians" crossed over from the South to
sway the vote to the pro-slavery side.
• Kansas eventually entered the Union in 1861 as
a free state.
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Dred Scott Decision
• Dred Scott was slave who traveled with his
master to a free state.
• Upon his return to the slave state of Missouri,
Scott was arrested.
• He later filed a lawsuit claiming his freedom
because he lived in a free state of Wisconsin.
• In 1857 the US Supreme Court ruled that
Scott could not sue because slaves were not
citizens but property.
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Abraham Lincoln Elected President
• On November 6, 1860, Abraham Lincoln
was elected president.
• The Southern states were afraid Lincoln
would end slavery. Thus beginning the
secession movement.
• March 4, 1861,Abraham Lincoln is
innauguarated as the 16th president of the
United States.
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South Carolina Secedes
• On December 17, 1860 a convention met to
discuss secession from the United States.
• On December 20, 1860 the convention
unanimously adopted an ordinance seceding
from the United States.
• A South Carolina unionist, James L. Petigru,
allegedly commented at this time that his
state was too small to be a nation and too
large to be an insane asylum.
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Georgia Secedes
• After Lincoln’s election, Georgia legislature
met to discuss secession.
• Alexander Stephens spoke out against
secession.
• However, after much discussion, Georgia
voted to secede from the United States on
January 19, 1861.
• Alexander Stephens eventually became
the vice-president of the Confederacy
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