Transcript world war i

WORLD WAR I
The War (Meant) To End All Wars
CAUSES OF WORLD
WAR I
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CAUSES OF World War I
NATIONALISM
 A DEVOTION TO THE INTERESTS
AND CULTURE OF ONE’S NATION
 LED TO COMPETITIVE RIVALRIES
AMONG NATIONS
IMPERIALISM
 EUROPEAN NATIONS HAD BEEN
BUILDING EMPIRES
 GERMANY, FRANCE, AND BRITAIN
COMPETED FOR COLONIES
MILITARISM
 THE DEVELOPMENT OF ARMED
FORCES AND THEIR USE AS A
TOOL OF DIPLOMACY
 BUILD UP OF MILITARY AS A TOOL
TO PROTECT EMPIRES
 LED TO A NAVAL ARMS RACE
BETWEEN GERMANY AND BRITAIN
ALLIANCE SYSTEM
 TRIPLE ENTENTE: CONSISTED OF
FRANCE, BRITAIN, AND RUSSIA (LATER
CALLED THE ALLIES)
 TRIPLE ALLLIANCE: GERMANY, AUSTRIAHUNGARY, AND ITALY (CALLED CENTRAL
POWERS)
 IF ONE COUNTRY WAS ATTACKED THE
OTHERS WOULD JOIN IN
 TIED ALL COUNTRIES TOGETHER
Test Question!
 Russia withdrew from World War I and
the Allies after the Bolsheviks overthrew
the government led by Vladimir Lenin
with aid from Germany!
THE ASSASSANATION
 JUNE 1914, ARCHDUKE FRANZ
FERDINAND, HEIR TO THE
AUSTRIAN THRONE, VISISTED
SARAJEVO
 SERBIAN NATIONALIST NAMED
GAVRILO PRINCIP SHOT THE
ARCHDUKE AND HIS WIFE
FRANZ FERDINAND’S CAR
1911 Graf und Stift Rois De Blougne tourer
CONTINUED
 AUSTRIA DECLARED WAR ON SERBIA
 THE ALLIANCE SYSTEM PULLED IN
ONCE COUNTRY AFTER ANOTHER
Assignments:
1. World War I Map
use p. 375
*COLOR IT!!!!!
&
2. Causes of WWI
GRAPHIC ORGANIZER
Video: World War I
THE FIGHTING
STARTS
TRENCH WARFARE
 ARMIES DUG TRENCHES INTO THE
GROUND AND FOUGHT FOR MERE
YARDS OF GROUND
NEW HAZARDS
 FIGHTING MEN WERE
SURROUNDED BY FILTH, LICE,
RATS, AND POLLUTED WATER
 STINCH OF DECAYING BODIES
 “SHELL SHOCK”- AN EMOTIONAL
CONDITION THAT MOST NEVER
RECOVERED FROM
 TRENCH FOOT
FOOT INSPECTION
In-Class Readings
 The Western Front: Life in the Trenches
 Video: Avoiding Armageddon
NEW TECHNOLOGY
CHANGES WARFARE
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Technological advances of world war i
NEW WEAPONS
 THE BEGINNING OF “MODERN WAR”
 POSIONOUS GASES
 TRENCHES
 PLANES
 SUBMARINES
 ARTILLERY
 WEAPONRY
 TANKS
TODAY WE WILL TALK ABOUT ;
TRENCHES, TANKS & POSIONOUS GASES
WORLD WAR I
TANKS
KEY QUESTIONS
Why develop the tank?
Advantages and disadvantages?
What was it like to be in a tank?
What was it like to face a tank?
Which country
developed the first
tank used in battle?
Tanks
 Tank Production1916-18
YEAR
U.K.
France
1916
150
-
1917
1,277
800
1918
1,391
4,000
Germany Italy
20
U.S.A.
-
-
-
-
-
-
6
http://www.firstworldwar.com/weaponry/tanks.htm
84
Poison Gas
Otto Dix, A German Gas Attack (1924)
Mustard Gas
 Most Deadly Gas
 Active for weeks
Effects: Blisters, Vomiting, Internal
Bleeding
Mustard Gas Wounds
WWI Machine Guns
Artillery
AIR PLANES
 Jig Saw Reading
Gas Attack
The Battlefield Debut of the Tank
Use your group to check your
Graphic Organizer
Assignment:
Write a letter home to your family as a
WWI Soldier, describe how advances in
technology during World War I impacts your
life as a soldier
THE WAR HITS HOME
DIVIDED LOYALITIES
 AMERICA WAS DIVIDED AMOND
WHO TO SUPPORT
BRITISH BLOCKADE
 BRITAIN USED ITS NAVAL
STRENGTH TO BLOCKADE THE
GERMAN COAST
 BY 1917 750,000 GERMANS
STARVED TO DEATH
THE U-BOAT RESPOSNSE
 USING U-BOATS (SUBMARINES)
THE GERMANS BEGAN FIRING ON
SHIPS FOUND AROUND BRITAIN
 IN 1915 , A U-BOAT SANK THE
BRITISH LINER LUSITANIA
 1200 PEOPLE DIED INCLUDING 128
AMERICANS
 AMERICANS BECOME OUTRAGED
German U-Boats
THE UNITED STATES
DECLARES WAR
THE ZIMMERMAN NOTES
 BRITISH INTERCEPTED A MESSAGE
FROM GERMANY SENT TO MEXICO
 STATED THAT IF MEXICO JOINED
GERMANY THEY WOULD HELP
MEXICO RECOVER LOST LANDS IN
AMERICA
Mexican land lost to the United States
in the Mexican-American War; 1846
OTHER EVENTS
 U-BOATS SANK FOUR UNARMED
MERCHANT SHIPS
 1917 U.S. ENTERS THE WAR
AMERICA
MOBILIZES
Use your Graphic Organizers
The u.s. prepares for world war i: problems
and solutions
&
Civilian sacrifice supporting the war at home
RAISING AN ARMY
 SELECTIVE SERVICE ACTREQUIRED MEN TO REGISTER
WITH GOVERNMENT IN ORDER
TO BE RANDOMLY SELECTED
FOR MILITARY SERVICE
Register for Draft
MASS PRODUCTION
 IN ORDER TO TRANSPORT
TROOPS AND GOODS THE U.S.
NEEDED SHIPS
 SHIPYARDS BEGAN MASS
PRODUCING
 IN ONE DAY LAUNCHED 95 SHIPS
AMERICA TURNS THE
TIDE
 THE CONVOY SYSTEM- HEAVY
GUARD OF DESTROYERS WOULD
ESCORT MERCHANT SHIPS
 CUT LOSSES IN HALF
 AMERICAN’S BROUGHT THE MOST
IMPORTANT PIECE- ENTHUSIASM
AMERICA GOES ON
THE OFFENSIVE
AMERICAN EXPEDITIONARY
FORCE
 LED BY GENERAL JOHN PERSHING
 SOLDIERS NICKNAMED
“DOUGHBOYS”
THE END
 ARMISTICE SIGNED 1918- A TRUCE
FINAL TOLL
 22 MILLION PEOPLE KILLED- HALF
OF THOSE WERE CIVILIANS
 20 MILLION WERE WOUNDED
 U.S. LOST 48,000 MEN IN BATTLE
 LOST 62,000 TO DISEASE
THE WAR AT HOME
CONGRESS GIVES POWER TO WILSON
WAR INDUSTRIES BOARD
 HELPED PRODUCTION FOR THE
WAR
FOOD ADMINISTRATION
 HELPED PRODUCE AND CONSERVE
FOOD
COMMITTEE ON PUBLIC
INFORMATION
 PROPAGANDA- DESIGNED TO
INFLUENCE PEOPLES THOUGHTS
AND ACTIONS
 In Germany too…
ATTACKS ON CIVIL
LIBERTIES
-GERMAN-AMERICANS BECAME
TARGETS OF ATTACKS
-AMERICA STOPPED
EVERYTHING THAT WAS
GERMAN
ESPIONAGE ACT
 A PERSON COULD NOT SAY
ANYTHING DISLOYAL, PROFANE, OR
ABUSIVE ABOUT THE GOVERNMENT
SCHENCK V. UNITED STATES
 FAMOUS COURT CASE THAT
UPHELD THE ESPOIONAGE ACT.
DECLARED THE FIRST AMENDMENT
RIGHT WAS NOT PROTECTED IN
TIME OF WAR
No Freedom of Speech?
What would happen
Today?
Is there a Double
Standard Today?
Assignment:
 Popcorn Reading:
Schenk v. United States(1919)
Answer the four (4) corresponding
questions on your own
WILSON FIGHTS
FOR PEACE
WILSON’S PLAN FOR AVOIDING
ANOTHER WAR
WILSON’S FOURTEEN
POINTS






NO SECRET TREATIES
FREEDOM OF THE SEAS
LOWER TARIFFS
ARMS REDUCTION
LIMITS ON COLONIZATION
BOUNDARY CHANGES BASED ON
NATIONALITY
CONTINUED
 CREATION OF A LEAGUE OF
NATIONS- A FORUM FOR NATIONS TO
DISCUSS AND SETTLE GRIEVANCES
WITHOUT RESORTING TO WAR
 Americans were afraid that the League of
Nations would draw the U.S. into another
War – test question
REACTION TO WILSON’S
PLAN
 THE ALLIES REJECTED THE PLAN
 THEY WERE BENT ON MAKING
GERMANY PAY
THE TREATY OF
VERSAILLES
KEY ITEMS FROM THE
TREATY
 ESTABLISHED 9 NEW NATIONS
 Shifted boundaries in Europe and in the
Middle East
 Punish Germany
 Limit size of Army(100,00)
 GERMANY HAD TO RETURN ALSACELORRAIN TO FRANCE
 HAD TO PAY 33 BILLION IN WAR
REPARATIONS
THE TREATY WEAKNESSES
 Identify at least two (2) provisions from
the treaty and predict why they could
lead to additional problems following
the War. – test question
 -Hint think of the causes of WWI and
which one applies to the treaty
LEAGUE OF NATIONS
 WILSON’S MOST IMPORTANT POINT OF
HIS 14
 THE UNITED STATES (CONGRESS)
REFUSED TO JOIN, ISOLATIONISM
 WITHOUT THE UNITED STATES THE
LEAGUE OF NATIONS HAD NO
BACKBONE, (MILITARY AND MONEY)
 THIS WILL LEAD TO WWII