Transcript Western Powers Rule Southeast Asia

Western Powers
Rule Southeast
Asia
By: Devon Nuel, Jared Grapes, Max Sala,
and Alex Landy
Western Powers Rule Southeast
Asia
 Western imperialists, including the United
States, claim lands in:
 The South Pacific
 Southeast Asia
 Hawaiian Islands
 Only Siam remains independent.
Western rivalries
for Pacific Rim
 Demand for Asian products
 Drove Europeans to seek possession of Southeast Asia and
islands of Pacific Rim
 Wanted area for its resources
 Sugar cane, coffee, cocoa
 Rubber, coconuts
 Bananas, & pineapple
 As trade grew, European powers claimed more lands
Dutch controlled Indonesia
 Dutch East India Company controlled island chain
 Indonesia
 Created rigid class system
 Dutch on top
 Wealthy and educated Indonesians in the middle
 Plantation workers/ farmers at bottom
British’s control of
Malay Peninsula
 The British took port of Singapore plus Malaysia &
Burma
 British encouraged Chinese to move to Malaysia
for working purposes
 Malaysia/ Burma
 Resources
 Large deposits of tin
 World’s leading rubber exporter
 Oil
France’s control of Indochina
 Indochina (modern Laos, Cambodia and
Vietnam)
 French wanted:
 Large overseas market
 Military intervention
 Did not encourage local industry
 Rice became major export crop
 Consumption decreased, because it was shipped
out of the region
 Set stage for Vietnamese resistance against the
French
Impact of Colonialism
 Colonialism brought features of modern life to
southeast Asia
 Economy improved
 Roads, harbors, rail systems improved communication/
transportation
 Education/Health/Sanitation
 Economic changes benefited European business
 Cash crops/goods (rubber, tin)
 People from other areas of Asia migrated
 Working in Southeast Asia
 plantations
 mines
 Migration made Southeast Asia a “melting pot.”
Siam’s Independence
 Siam (Thailand) maintained its independence
 King Monghut and his son modernized Siam
 Without giving up power to western powers
 Started schools
 Reformed legal system
 Reorganized government
 Built railroads, telegraph systems
 Ended slavery
 Escaped:
 turmoil
 economic exploitation
 racist treatment
US Imperialism
 Late 1800’s, US began to seek colonies
 1898, Spanish-American War
 US won:
 Puerto Rico
 Guam
 Philippine Islands
 Emilio Aguinaldo- leader in fight against Spain
 Struggle with Americans for Filipino freedom
 United States defeated the rebels in 1902
 American businesses exploited Filipinos
 Cash crops at expense of basic food crops
Republic of Hawaii
annexed as US Territory
 American businessmen grew wealthy from plantations
 Imported laborers from:
 Japan
 Portugal
 China
 Close ties with US
 McKinley Tariff of 1890 provoked crisis
 American planters called for US to annex islands
 1890’s, Queen Liliuokalani tried to regain control
 Business groups organized a revolution
 With help of US marines they overthrew the queen
 Government headed by Sanford B. Dole
 Republic of Hawaii
 Asked the US to annex Hawaii
 1898, Hawaii became a territory of the United States!
THE
END!