Transcript Constitution

The Structure of the Constitution
Essential Terms
Essential Questions
 U.S. Constitution
 How did the Constitution
 Preamble
improve the weaknesses of
the Articles of
Confederation?
 How is Constitution
structured and what is each
part’s purpose?
 7 Articles
 Amendments
 Bill of Rights
The U.S. Constitution
 constitution – the written plan for government
 the “supreme law of the land” or basic law of the land
 Every country/nation has their own version of a
Constitution…or plan for their government.
 Each state in our nation has their own Constitution for
their state.
 The U.S. Constitution replaced the Articles of
Confederation during the Constitutional Convention.
A.o.C. v. U.S.C.
Articles of Confederation
United States Constitution
 No president
 President
 Congress has the power to collect
 No power to collect taxes
 Unicameral Congress
 No court system
 too difficult to pass laws
 too much power to the states
 TOO WEAK
taxes
 Bicameral Congress
 federal court system (districts,
appellate, & supreme)
 law making process = simple
majority
 centralized the government and
created a system to balance the
power between the states and the
national government
Part 1 - Preamble
 Introduction to the Constitution
 Lists the goals of the Constitution
Three Parts of the Constitution
 1. The Preamble – the introduction
 2. The 7 articles – organizes the details of the
government
 3. The amendments – the changes to the constitution
 including the 1st ten changes = the Bill of Rights
Preamble: A.o.C. v. U.S.C.
Articles of Confederation
Preamble
 To all to whom these Presents
shall come, we the undersigned
Delegates of the States affixed to
our Names send greeting.
Articles of Confederation and
perpetual Union between the
states of New Hampshire,
Massachusetts-bay Rhode Island
and Providence Plantations,
Connecticut, New York, New
Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware,
Maryland, Virginia, North
Carolina, South Carolina and
Georgia.
United States Constitution
Preamble
 We, the people of the
United States, in order to
form a more perfect Union,
establish justice, insure
domestic tranquility, provide
for the common defense,
promote the general welfare,
and secure the blessings of
liberty to ourselves and our
posterity, do ordain and
establish this Constitution for
the United States of America.
The U.S. Constitution
 constitution – the written plan for government
 the “supreme law of the land” or basic law of the land
 Since each state needs a government to run it…each
state has their own STATE constitution.
 Very similar set up to the U.S. Constitution

Obviously not as powerful…
U.S.C.
The U.S. Constitution’s
Preamble
 We, the people of the United States, in
order to form a more perfect Union,
establish justice, insure domestic
tranquility, provide for the common defense,
promote the general welfare, and secure the
blessings of liberty to ourselves and our
posterity, do ordain and establish this
Constitution for the United States of
America.
Part 1 - Preamble
 Introduction to the Constitution
 Lists the goals of the Constitution
Goals of The Preamble

Introduction to the
Constitution
Lists the goals of the
Constitution
We, the people of the United States, in order to form a more perfect Union,
establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense,
promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves
and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United
States of America.
 The SIX goals of the Constitution:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
“to form a more perfect union”
“establish justice”
“insure domestic tranquility”
“provide for the common defense”
“promote the general welfare”
“secure the blessings of liberty”
“to form a more perfect union”
What are examples of the government
showing this goal in action?
“establish justice”
 What are examples of the government
showing this goal in action?
“insure domestic tranquility”
 What are examples of the government
showing this goal in action?
“provide for the common defense”
 What are examples of the government
showing this goal in action?
“promote the general welfare”
 What are examples of the government
showing this goal in action?
“secure the blessings of liberty”
 What are examples of the government showing
this goal in action?
The Structure of the Constitution
Essential Terms
Essential Questions
 U.S. Constitution
 How did the Constitution
 Preamble
improve the weaknesses of
the Articles of
Confederation?
 How is Constitution
structured and what is each
part’s purpose?
 7 Articles
 Amendments
 Bill of Rights
The Articles
Essential Terms
Essential Questions
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 How is the separation of
Article 1
Congress
Article 2
President
Article 3
Supreme Court
Federalism
Amendment Process
Supremacy Clause
Ratification
powers shown in the U.S.
Constitution?
 How did the amendment
process and federalism solve
the disputes between the
Federalists and the AntiFederalists?
Article I
 Structure, power, & responsibilities of the Legislative
Branch — Congress
 Main Job - Makes laws
 Lists powers the national gov. has
Something to think about…
 Isn’t PRO the opposite of
CON?
And…
 Progress – to advance, to
move forward, to make
better
 Why did they choose the
name congress?
How many combinations of 13 can you find on our nation’s seal??
 Marinate on that!!!
Article II
 Structure, power, and resp. of Executive Branch—the
president
 Main Job - Enforces laws
 Powers of the Pres.
 Sets up Electoral College and Presidential elections
Something to think about…
Presidential Trivia
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How many combinations of 13 can you find on
our nation’s seal??
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Shortest –Madison 5’4”
Tallest – Abe 6’$”
Heaviest – Taft 300+ lbs
Oldest – Reagan 69
Youngest – Teddy 42
Assassinated – 4
Attempted Assassinations – 6
Virginia is the birthplace of the most
Presidents – 8
1906 Teddy was the first to travel
internationally
Nixon – first to visit all 50 states
2 father son combos have been President (the
Adams and the Bushes)
Gerald Ford was only President who was not
elected by the people as Pres or V.P.
3 Presidents have been impeached – Jackson,
Nixon, and Clinton
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DOES ANY OF THIS REALLY MATTER?
Article III
 Structure, power, resp. of Judicial Branch
 Main Job - Interprets laws
 Sets up the US Supreme Court and any other federal
courts Congress wants to create
Something to think about…
 Justice Clarence Thomas
has not asked a question
or made a comment in
any oral hearing in over
five years!!!!!
How many combinations of 13 can you find on our
nation’s seal??
Let’s Eat Jello
 Let’s Eat Jello
 Legislative, Executive, Judicial
 Articles 1, Article 2, Article 3
 Congress, President, Supreme Court
REMEMBER . . .
 LEJ
 Legislative
 Executive
 Judicial
MCI
Makes laws
Carries out laws
Interprets laws
Articles
I
II
III
Article IV
 Creates a system to share power between the states and
the federal (national or central) government
 Explains the relationship between the national and
state governments
Article V
 Explains how the Constitution can be amended
(changed)
Article V – The Amendment
Process
 The Constitution cannot
be changed by just
anyone!!!
 This document is
permanent and so are its
changes…
 Once you
amend/change the
document you must
amend that
amendment!!
 WHAT!?!?!
Article V – The Amendment
Process
 Why do you think the
“founding fathers” wanted
this as the way to change
the nation’s plan?
 Why not have the
President change it?
 Why not have the
Supreme Court change it?
 What two groups did they
allow to change the
document??
Article V – The Amendment
Process
 Propose – to put forward;
to plan; to make an offer
 Ratification – to officially
approve
 How many ways are
there to:
 Propose an
amendment?
 Ratify an amendment?
Article VI
 Constitution is the supreme law of the land
 Supremacy Clause
Article VII
 Constitution will go into effect when 9 states ratify
(approves) it
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The Articles
Essential Terms
Essential Questions
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
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 How is the separation of
Article 1
Congress
Article 2
President
Article 3
Supreme Court
Federalism
Amendment Process
Supremacy Clause
Ratification
powers shown in the U.S.
Constitution?
 How did the amendment
process and federalism solve
the disputes between the
Federalists and the AntiFederalists?
Prep for Constitution Gallery Walk
- Warm Up: Set up the columns of each chart
- Cool Down: Create the rows for the gallery walk chart
- Amendment Chart - #
Amendment
#
Description
Supreme Court Case Chart - #
Additional
-Details
-Limits
-Related
court cases
Title of
Case
(and related
amendment
or right)
What
Happened?
(20 words of
less)
Ruling &
Effect
(precedent
set)
Amendment Chart –
make sure you leave enough
space to add a lot of detail to your notes (room for both your notes and mine)
Amendment #
1st
–R
Description
Additional
-Details
-Limits
-Related court cases
5th – E
5th - D
1st – A & P
6th – RIGHT
TO ….
1st – P
7th -
1st – S
8th -
2nd 9th 3rd 4th
10th -
5th – S
Civil War
Amendments
5th – I
President/Executive
Branch
Amendments
5th – D
Alcohol
Amendments
Voting Amendments
Supreme Court Case Chart -
make sure you
leave enough space to add a lot of detail to your notes (room for both your notes and mine)
Title of Case
(and related amendment or
right)
Marbury v.
Madison
McCulloch v.
Maryland
What Happened?
(20 words of less)
Ruling & Effect
(precedent set)
Plessy v. Ferguson
Schenck v. U.S.
Korematsu v. U.S.
Brown v. the B.o.E.
Gibbons v. Ogden
Mapp v. Ohio
Heart of Atlanta v.
U.S.
Roe v. Wade
Gideon v.
Wainwright
Texas v. Johnson
Miranda v.
Arizona
Engel v. Vitale
Furman v. Georgia
Tinker v. Des
Moines
Gregg v. Georgia
Dredd Scott v.
Sandford
New Jersey v. TLO
Bethel v. Fraser
Hazelwood v.
14 - Bill of Rights & Amendments
Essential Terms
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Bill of Rights
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“establishment clause”
“free exercise”
petition
libel
slander
“clear and present danger”
bear arms
quartering troops
seizure
self incrimination
indictment
due process
eminent domain
double jeopardy
civil suit
cruel and unusual punishment
enumerated rights
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Voting Amendments

President or Executive Amendments

Civil War (or Civil Rights) Amendments

Alcohol Amendments
Essential Questions
 How does the
Bill of Rights
protect
individual rights
with the rule of
law?
 Give examples
of how the Bill
of Rights
and/or the
amendments
balances civil
liberties with
government
power.
the Bill of Rights v. Amendments 11 - 27
the Bill of Rights
 the first 10 amendments to
the Constitution
 added all at once during the
Constitutional Convention
 outlines the rights of citizens
Amendments 11 - 27
Amendments
 Changes to the Constitution
 There are 27 total amendments
 Bill of Rights—first 10 amendments
 protects the rights of citizens (civil liberties)