Transcript Article VI – Debts, Supremacy, Oaths

ARTICLES IV, V, VI, VII
Article IV
Relations Among the States
Section 1 – Each State to Honor
all Others
• Full Faith and Credit shall be given in each
State to the public Acts, Records, and
judicial Proceedings of every other State.
And the Congress may by general Laws
prescribe the Manner in which such Acts,
Records and Proceedings shall be proved,
and the Effect thereof.
Section 1 Summary
• Any legal proceeding in any state will be
recognized by the other 49 states. (Ex.
getting married in one stated and moving
to another)
• The Congress however can pass laws that
can control certain laws of each state. (Ex.
Defense of Marriage Act)
Section 2- State citizens,
Extradition
• The Citizens of each State shall be entitled to all
Privileges and Immunities of Citizens in the several
States.
• A Person charged in any State with Treason, Felony, or
other Crime, who shall flee from Justice, and be found in
another State, shall on Demand of the executive
Authority of the State from which he fled, be delivered
up, to be removed to the State having Jurisdiction of the
Crime.
• No person held to Service of Labor in one State, under
the Laws thereof, escaping into another, shall, in
Consequence of any Law of Regulation therein, be
discharged from such Service of Labor, but shall be
delivered up on Claim of the Party to whom such Service
of Labor may be due.
Section 2 Summary
• Each person has the same rights and privileges
as other people in each of the 50 states.
• If someone is charge with a crime and is caught
in another state, he it to be brought back to the
state that the crime was committed, and await
trial.
• If a person who works for the State or Federal
Government commits a crime he will lose that
job.
Section 3- New States
• New States may be admitted by the Congress into this
Union; but no new States shall be formed or erected
within the Jurisdiction of any other State; nor any State
be formed by the Junction of two or more States, or parts
of States, without the Consent of the Legislatures of the
States concerned as well as of the Congress.
• The Congress shall have Power to dispose of and make
all needful Rules and Regulations respecting the
Territory or other Property belonging to the United
States; and nothing in this Constitution shall be so
construed as to Prejudice any Claims of the United
States, or of any particular State.
Section 3 Summary
• New States may be admitted to the Union
as long as other States agree. Two states
can not create a new state with their land
without the consent of the Legislatures.
• The Congress has the power to set
regulations on new states entering the
Union.
Section 4- Republican government
• The United States shall guarantee to every
State in this Union a Republican Form of
Government, and shall protect each of
them against Invasion; and on Application
of the Legislature, or of the Executive
(when the Legislature cannot be
convened) against domestic Violence.
Section 4 Summary
• Every State will have a Republican
government and will be protected if
invaded or in a domestic fight.
Article V
The Amending Process
• The Congress, whenever two thirds of both Houses shall deem it
necessary, shall propose Amendments to this Constitution, or, on
the Application of the Legislatures of two thirds of the several States,
shall call a Convention for proposing Amendments, which, in either
Case, shall be valid to all Intents and Purposes, as part of this
Constitution, when ratified by the Legislatures of three fourths of the
several States, or by Conventions in three fourths thereof, as the
one or the other Mode of Ratification may be proposed by the
Congress; Provided that no Amendment which may be made prior to
the Year One thousand eight hundred and eight shall in any Manner
affect the first and fourth Clauses in the Ninth Section of the first
Article; and that no State, without its Consent, shall be deprived of
its equal Suffrage in the Senate.
Summary
• The Constitution currently consists of 27 amendments.
• When the Constitution was in the process of being
created the framers consciously made amending the
Constitution an intricate process.
• Two means are available when it comes to proposing
and ratifying amendments
– In order to propose an amendment one must acquire a ⅔
majority within congress.
– Before an amendment can become a law at least ¾ of the states
must accept that particular amendment.
• No amendment has yet been proposed by a national
convention called by the states, though in the 1980s a
convention to propose an amendment requiring a
balanced budget had been approved by 32 states.
Article VI – Debts,
Supremacy, Oaths
Section 1 - Debts
• All Debts contracted and Engagements
entered into, before the Adoption of this
constitution, shall be as valid against the
United States under this constitution, as
under the confederation
Summary
• This section promises that ALL debts the
colonies had acquired during the time of
the Revolution and Articles of
Confederation would be honored by the
new United States Government.
Section 2 – Supremacy
• This Constitution, and the Laws of the
united States which shall be made in
pursuance thereof; and all Treaties made,
or which shall be made, under the
Authority of the United Stats, shall be the
supreme Law of the land; and the Judges
in every State shall be bound thereby, any
thing in the Constitution or Laws of any
State to the Constrary notwithstanding.
Summary
• Known as the “Supremacy Clause”
• This clause recognized the constitution
and federal laws as supreme when in
conflict with states’ laws.
• Chief Justice John Marshall wrote his
historic decision in McCulloch v. Maryland.
• The 14th Amendment reinforced the
supremacy of federal law over the states.
Section 3 - Oaths
• The Senators and Representatives before
mentioned, and the Members of the
several State legislatures, and all
executive and judicial Officers, both of the
United States and of the several States,
shall be bound by Oath or Affirmation, to
support this Constitution; but no religious
Test shall ever be required as a
Qualification to any office or public Trust
under the United States.
Summary
• Even though people that hold public office
are bound by Oath, this clause declares
that no religious test shall be required as a
qualification for holding public office.
• It reinforces freedom of religion
Article VII- Ratification
Article VII
The ratification of the Conventions of nine
states, shall be sufficient for the Establishment
of this Constitution between the states so
ratifying the same.
Done in Convention by the Unanimous Consent
of the States present the Seventeenth Day of
September in the Year of our lord one thousand
seven hundred and Eighty seven and of the
Independence of the United States of America
the twelfth. In witness whereof We have here
unto subscribed our names.
Summary
• Article VII required the approval of 9 of 13
states to ratify the constitution.
• Out of the 55 delegates at the convention,
39 of them signed for ratification.
• The constitution went into effect in June
1788.
Signers
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New Hampshire
John Langdon
Nicholas Gilman
Massachusetts
Rufus King
Nathaniel Gorham
Connecticut
Roger Sherman
William Samuel Johnson
New York
Alexander Hamilton
New Jersey
William Livingston
David Brearley
William Paterson
Jonathan Dayton
Pennsylvania
Benjamin Franklin
Thomas Mifflin
Robert Morris
George Clymer
Thomas FitzSimons
Jared Ingersoll
Gouverneur Morris
James Wilson
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Delaware
George Read
Gunning Bedford, Jr.
John Dickinson
Richard Bassett
Jacob Broom
Maryland
James McHenry
Daniel Carroll
Dan of St. Thomas Jenifer
Virginia
John Blair
James Madison, Jr.
George Washington
North Carolina
William Blount
Richard Dobbs Spaight
Hugh Williamson
South Carolina
John Rutledge
Charles Cotesworth Pinckney
Charles Pinckney
Pierce Butler
Georgia
William Few
Abraham Baldwin