Transcript What would you do if You Were the President of the United States?

What would you do if You
Were the President of the United States?
The Executive Branch
Executive Branch
• Article II of the Constitution– “Executive Power shall be invested in a
President”
• Purpose: To Execute, or carry out,
laws passed by Congress
Executive Branch
• 3 rules for becoming a U.S. President
– At least 35 years old
– Native-Born American Citizen
– A resident of the U.S. for at least 14 years
Executive Branch
• Presidents serve 4 year terms
– Can only serve 2 terms – 22nd Amendment
• Salary: $400,000 year
– Plus money for travel and expenses
Presidential Succession
• Presidential succession act – 1947
– Created the line of presidential succession
• 25th Amendment
– Allows the vice president can assume the
presidency should the president become unable
to lead.
Electoral College
• Electoral College- a group of people named by
each state legislature to cast votes in the
presidential election.
– Each state gets as many votes as it has legislatures
– House Reps + Senators = electoral votes
Electoral College
• 538 total electoral votes
– MAGIC NUMBER-
270
• Winner takes all system – the
majority vote getter in a state
gets all the states electoral votes
How do we get a President?
• Electoral College
• Does our current election system allow for a
democratic reflection of our country?
7.1
Is Now Over!!
Who in this class has a job?
Presidential Roles
and Responsibilities
• Where does the Executive Branch get its
powers from?
– The States
– The Judicial Branch
– The Constitution
– The President
Roles of the
President
CHIEF Executive
CHIEF Diplomat
Commander
and CHIEF
3- Chiefs
3- Leaders
1- State
Legislative LEADER
Economic LEADER
Party LEADER
Head of STATE
Chief Executive
Administrative Head of the Government
• Responsibilities– Use of Executive Orders
– Appointment of Head of Departments
– Meet with Cabinet
– Sign bills
Chief Diplomat
Negotiates with foreign governments for the U.S.
• appoint ambassadors,
• make treaties
• support or oppose the actions of other nations.
Commander in Chief
Civilian Head of the Armed Forces
• Can order troops into battle or send them overseas.
Legislative Leader
Recommends Legislation to Congress
• Can threaten to veto bills he/she opposes
Economic Leader
Guides financial policies and decisions
• Plan Federal Government Budget
• Deal with problems of unemployment, taxes,
and inflation
Party Leader
Head of their Respective Party
• rewards those who are loyal to the political
party with jobs and support other candidates
for public office.
• Helps raise money for their party
Head of State
Ceremonial Symbol of the U. S.
• Social Figure
• Meeting with important officials
• Welcoming Heads of State from other countries.
President Obama appointed
Elena Kagan to the Supreme
Court.
(Chief Executive)
Jimmy Carter brings Egypt and
Israel together to sign the Camp
David Peace Accords in 1979.
(Chief Diplomat)
President Clinton sends Hillary
Clinton to represent the United
States at the funeral of Diana,
Princess of Wales.
(Head of State)
President Kennedy orders
America's nuclear forces on high
alert during the Cuban Missile
Crisis of 1962.
(Commander-in-Chief)
President Carter placed restrictions
on the sale of gasoline during the
1979 energy crisis.
(Economic Leader)
The president makes his annual
state-of-the union address to
Congress to outline his agenda
for the year.
(Chief Legislator)
7.2
Is Now Over!!
Foreign Policy
7.3
• “The purpose of foreign policy is not to
provide an outlet for our own sentiments of
hope; it is to shape real events in a real
world.”
• John Fitzgerald Kennedy
35th US President (1961-63)
Foreign Policy
• Primary Goal-
National Security
• Secondary Goals
– International Trade
– Promote World Peace
– Promote Democracy
• What presidential roles (hats) does the president
have when dealing with foreign policy?
• Other key figures are the
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State department
Homeland Security
Defense Department
CIA
National Security Council
5 Tools of Foreign Policy
1. Treaty- Formal agreement between two
nations
– Senate must approve by 2/3 vote
– President can by pass with an Executive Agreement –
agreement between the president and leader of another
country.
5 Tools of Foreign Policy
2. Ambassadors- Government representative to
foreign nations
– Must be confirmed by the Senate
– Country must be recognized for holding power
legally, legitimate
5 Tools of Foreign Policy
3. Foreign Aid
– Provide Money, Food, Medical Supplies, Military
Assistance to foreign countries
5 Tools of Foreign Policy
4. International Trade
– What items will be traded and rules for trade
– Punishments
• Trade Sanctions –imposed trade barriers
• Embargo- agreement among a group of nations
that prohibits them from trading with a target
nation
5 Tools of Foreign Policy
5. Military Force
– As commander in Chief the president can order
troops into battle.
– Only Congress can officially Declare War
Congress vs. President
7.3
Is Now Over!!
7.4 Organization of the Federal
Branch
Advisors
• The Executive Office
– About 500 people who work directly for the
president . Holds the presidents 10 -12 closest
advisers – The Chief of Staff
Executive Office
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Council of Economic Advisers
Council on Environmental Quality
National Security Council and Homeland Security Council
Office of Administration
Office of Management and Budget
Office of National Drug Control Policy
Office of Science and Technology Policy
Office of the United States Trade Representative
Office of the Vice President
Executive Residence
Presidential Cabinet
• 15 top level executive departments
– Must be approved by the Senate
• As cabinet members, aka Secretaries, they are
responsible for advising the president on
issues relating to their departments
Presidential Cabinet
• No mention of the Cabinet in the Constitution
– Yet was used as early as in the presidency of
George Washington
• Part of the order of Presidential succession
– 25th Amendment
Federal Bureaucracy
• Collective agencies and employees of the
executive branch
– Workers are bureaucrats- or Civil Servants
Federal Bureaucracy
• 3 main responsibilities
1. Turn laws into action by deciding how you apply
the laws to daily life
• Specific rules and procedures
2. Administer day to day operations of the
Government
• Ex. Deliver mail, collect taxes, social security
3. Regulate various activities
• Censorship of media, Food ingredients, Air Travel
Independent Agencies
• These agencies are responsible for carrying
out the responsibilities of the Executive
branch.
• They are called independent because they are
separate from the cabinet
Independent Agencies
• 3 main types
– Executive agencies
• Responsible for dealing with certain specialized area of
the Government
• Ex NASA
Independent Agencies
• 3 main types
– Government Corporations
• Work like Private businesses owned by the
Government, not individuals
• President chooses leadership with senate approval
• Make no profit
• Ex. Post Office
Independent Agencies
• 3 main types
– Regulatory Boards and Commissions
• Protect the public
• President appoints leaders but only Congress can
remove through impeachment.
• Ex. FCC- Federal communications comission
INDEPENDENT AGENCIES
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A. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA)
B. Commodity Futures Trading
Commission (CFTC)
C. United States Environmental
Protection Agency (EPA)
D. Federal Election Commission (FEC)
E. Federal Communications
Commission (FCC)
F. Federal Maritime Commission
(FMC)
G. Board of Governors of the Federal
Reserve System
H. Federal Trade Commission (FTC
I. General Services Administration
(GSA)
J. National Aeronautics and Space
Administration (NASA)
K. National Archives and Records
Administration (NARA)
L. National Labor Relations Board
(NLRB)
M. National Science Foundation (NSF)
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N. National Transportation Safety Board
(NTSB)
O. Office of Personnel Management
(OPM)
P. Peace Corps,
Q. Small Business Administration (SBA)
R. Selective Service System (SSS)
S. Social Security Administration (SSA)
T. Securities and Exchange Commission
(SEC)
U. United States Agency for International
Development (USAID)
V. United States International Trade
Commission (USITC)
W. United States Postal Service
X. Federal Energy Regulatory
Commission (FERC)
Y. Federal Retirement Thrift Investment
Board