Transcript Geographic Understandings Industries Grow!!!!!

Geographic Understandings
Industries Grow!!!!!
SS5G2 The student will explain the reasons for the spatial patterns of
economic
activities.
a. Explain how factors such as population, transportation, and resources influenced
industrial location in the United States between the end of the Civil War and 1900.
b. Locate primary agricultural and industrial locations since the turn of the
20thcentury and explain how factors such as population, transportation, and resources
have influenced these areas.
Population
• Population is the number of people living in a
community.
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Ex:
Ellaville Georgia -1,816
Atlanta, GA - 432,417
New York City, NY- 8,244,910
Factors that influenced location of
industries!
• Where large amounts of people
settled.
• Where Transportation systems
were established.
• Places near the resources needed
to make the products.
Where did they go?
How did they get the products out?
• Factories were built near the iron and
steel centers.
▫ They counted on the railroads to bring in
supplies and ship out the goods.
▫ Chicago and Pittsburgh became both
railroad and industrial centers of
America in the late 1800’s.
Things are changing!!!
• 1900 brought in a entire century of change!
▫ Technology
▫ Shifts and growth of the American population
▫ New ways to use America’s resources.
▫ Agriculture and Industry have been
influenced by three factors:
▫ Population
▫ Transportation
▫ Resources
Agriculture
Population
End of Civil War
▫ Farms were small
and many
 Produced 5 products
 Needed a lot of
workers to run them
 By 1900 -41 percent
of the workforce
worked in the
agricultural industry.
By 1970
 Farms where larger
and fewer
▫ Needed fewer workers
▫ Tractors and combines
took the place of farm
workers
▫ By 2000-only 1.9
percent of the
workforce work in the
agricultural industry.
Transportation
1865-1941 (Before WWII)
After WWII -1941-Present
• Agriculture was
dependent on
trains to move
crops and cattle,
(remember the
Chisholm Trail)
• Trucks became
farmers way of
transporting their
goods.
• More expensive but
got the goods to the
market faster
Resources
• Agriculture in the United States is mainly
in the heartland (Midwest) and the South.
▫
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Rich Soil
Plenty of Rain
Good temperatures
Long growing seasons
▫ All of these factors make agriculture in these
areas successful.
Agriculture
Industry
Population
• By the 2oth century, the Northeast had already
been developed and industry had spread to the
Great Lakes portion of the Midwest.
Population Continued
• As industry grew so did the cities that grew from
them.
• With more people in the cities, more
manufacturers built plants in those cities.
• The South had very little growth because they
had no industry to support growth.
• Between 1900-1940 many African Americans
migrated from the south to these industrialized
cities of the North and Midwest. This was
called…………
The Great Migration!
• Causes of the Great Migration
▫ Boil weevils destroyed southern cotton fields
▫ The North and Midwest offered new service jobs
in the growing war industry.
▫ Jobs were available in the steel, automobile,
shipbuilding and meatpacking industries
▫ The Immigration Act of 1924 stopped European
immigration into the US opening up more jobs.
Transportation
• Housing shortage arose in the cities where
people moved to find jobs. People moved
quicker than housing was being built.
• Moved to Suburbs –transportation needs
changed.
• Automobiles helped people travel back and forth
to the city to work.
• Refrigerated shipping containers allowed
perishable products to be shipped to distant
places.
Resources
• Natural resources and new inventions often
changed the economy of a region.
• Oil was discovered in Texas in 1901, then in
Arkansas, Oklahoma and the Gulf of Mexico.
• This changed the economy of the West and
Central States.
• Gasoline made from oil made the automobile
industry grow even more.
Industry Continued
• By the 1920’s
▫ Railroad, steel, iron, auto, and shipping industries
were growing in the North and Midwest.
▫ Resources produced by the Great Lakes were able
to be shipped out to the rest of the world.
▫ Jobs were becoming more specialized!
▫ New Invention of electricity also contributed to an
increase in industry!
Moving South and West
Moving South and West
• Original manufacturing cities are still
manufacturing centers
• Over the last 100 years, economic activity has
changed to other areas than industry and
agricultural
• New types emerge
▫ Information processing
▫ Services
Economic activity has dispersed!
• Big movement in the 1970s and 1980s
▫ People and companies moved to the southeastern
and southwestern states.
▫ Warm states became known as the Sunbelt States
▫ Reasons:
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New industries no longer needed raw materials
Weather was warm and employees wanted to move
Land was less expensive in the Sunbelt region
Companies could pay lower wages in most of the
Sunbelt states.